The Expert Consensus on Clinical Application of Qinbaohong Zhike Oral Liquid in Treatment of Acute Bronchitis and Acute Attack of Chronic Bronchitis （GS/CACM 337-2023） was released by the China Association of Chinese Medicine on December 13^th， 2023. This expert consensus was developed by experts in methodology， pharmacy， and Chinese medicine in strict accordance with the development requirements of the China Association of Chinese Medicine （CACM） and based on the latest medical evidence and the clinical medication experience of well-known experts in the fields of respiratory medicine （pulmonary diseases） and pediatrics. This expert consensus defines the application of Qinbaohong Zhike oral liquid in the treatment of cough and excessive sputum caused by phlegm-heat obstructing lung， acute bronchitis， and acute attack of chronic bronchitis from the aspects of applicable populations， efficacy evaluation， usage， dosage， drug combination， and safety. It is expected to guide the rational drug use in medical and health institutions， give full play to the unique value of Qinbaohong Zhike oral liquid， and vigorously promote the inheritance and innovation of Chinese patent medicines.

ObjectiveTo develop a standardized living will manual suitable for promotion in China， combining existing literature and the current implementation status of living will both domestically and internationally as well as the characteristics of modern medicine. MethodsA pool of manual entries was constructed through hospital interviews and literature retrieval. A Delphi method expert correspondence was conducted to modify and supplement the manual entry settings. The results of the correspondence were statistically analyzed to verify the reliability and scientific validity of the manual and the correspondence. ResultsThis study constructed a pool of manual entries by conducting interviews in four hospitals in Beijing and retrieving and including 155 pieces of literature，and developed a preliminary version of the manual with a total of 40 entries in four sections， namely medicine， psychology， society， and farewell. The manual items were revised through two rounds of the Delphi method correspondence with a total of 88 experts. The expert response rates in the two rounds of the correspondence questionnaires were 100% and 90%， respectively； the expert authority coefficients were 0.84 and 0.865， respectively； and Kcndall W was 0.141 and 0.077， respectively. In terms of the reliability test， the Cronbach’s α coefficients of the two rounds of correspondence were 0.941 and 0.969， respectively， and the Guttman coefficients were 0.862 and 0.857， respectively. As for the validity test， the Pearson correlation coefficient for 39 entries was R>0.4 in the first round of correspondence， and for 41 entries was R>0.4 in the second round of correspondence； a total of 20 entries in the first round of correspondence had an I-CVI ≥ 0.780， and the scale’s S-CVI was 0.786； a total of 31 entries in the second round of correspondence had an I-CVI ≥ 0.780， and the scale’s S-CVI was 0.846. Meanwhile， this study developed a legal instrument section of the manual including personal information， effective time， modification and revocation， witnesses， and other contents by reviewing relevant laws and regulations both domestically and internationally. ConclusionThe standardized living will manual is comprehensive， reliable， and scientific， which makes it suitable for promotion and further improvement.

Objective To explore the research hotspots and development trends in the field of cancer treatment in the past decade. Methods The CNKI and Web of Science Core Collection databases were searched for Chinese and English articles related to cancer treatment published over the last 10 years. Bibliometric research methods were employed, including keyword cluster analysis of published literature. Results A total of 45 455 Chinese articles and 866 958 English articles were retrieved. Combining the visualization analysis results and the current research dilemma of tumor treatment revealed that the current research hotspots of tumor treatment domestically and internationally can primarily focus on four key areas. In the realm of targeted therapy, efforts are directed towards the discovery of new drug targets, overcoming resistance to targeted therapy, and the development of monoclonal antibodies and antibody–drug conjugates. In the field of immunotherapy, the emphasis lies in enhancing the response rate to immune checkpoint inhibitors, determining the mechanisms behind resistance to immunotherapy, and improving the safety of treatment. The research in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) covers evidence-based evaluation studies on TCM treatment, the identification of populations that can gain the most benefit from TCM, and strategies for improving the quality of life. In the area of novel drug development, cutting-edge technologies, such as organoid-based screening for anticancer drugs, synthetic biology, and artificial intelligence, are under investigation. Conclusion New targeted drugs, immune efficacy improvement, multidisciplinary integration, nano-delivery, and TCM innovation are the key research directions in the field of tumor therapy in the future.

Objective To explore the effective induction scheme for differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ADMSC) to insulin producing cell (IPC). Methods Different schemes of small molecule compound were used to induce the differentiation of ADMSC. The purity of cells was analyzed by flow cytometry and the morphological changes of cells were observed under the microscope. The quality, performance and insulin related indicators of cells were detected by hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical staining. The maturity and activity of cells were detected by dithizone (DTZ) and diacetylfluorescein/propidium iodide staining. The induction effect of ADMSC differentiated into IPC was analyzed. Results The purity of ADMSC reached more than 99%, and the sphere forming properties of schemes Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ were good. Cell induction mass, the expression effects of pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1), musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog A (MAFA) and insulin and C peptide of schemes Ⅰ were both better than those of other schemes. The DTZ staining depth may be related to IPC maturity, among which the number of apoptotic cells in scheme Ⅰ was significantly less than that of scheme Ⅱ and Ⅲ. Conclusions Induction scheme Ⅰ may improve the differentiation efficiency of ADMSC to IPC and lay a certain foundation for future clinical IPC transplantation applications.

Objective: To explore the molecular mechanism of resveratrol (RES) in the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) through the use of biological information methods such as network pharmacology and molecular docking and to provide a theoretical reference for the clinical application of RES in the treatment of OSCC. Methods: The Swiss Target Prediction(http://www.swisstargetprediction.ch), SEA (http://sea.bkslab.org)database, and Pharm mapper database(http://lilab-ecust.cn) were used to retrieve RES-related targets, and the DISGENET (www.disgenet.org), OMIM (https://omim.org) and GeneCards (https://www.genecards.org) databases were used to screen OSCC disease targets. The intersection of drugs and disease targets was determined, and Cytoscape 3.7.2 software was used to construct a "drug-diseasetarget pathway" network. The Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins (STRING) database was used to construct a target protein interaction network, and the DAVID database was used for enrichment analysis of key proteins. Finally, molecular docking validation of key proteins was performed using AutoDock and PyMOL. The enrichment analysis and molecular docking results were integrated to predict the possible molecular mechanisms of RES treatment in OSCC; western blot was used to determine the effect of resveratrol at different concentrations (50, 100) μmol/L on the expression of Src tyrosine kinase (SRC), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), estrogen receptor gene 1 (ESR1), and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathway proteins in OSCC HSC-3 cells. Results: A total of 243 targets of RES drugs and 6 094 targets of OSCC were identified. A total of 116 potential common targets were obtained by intersecting drugs with disease targets. These potential targets mainly participate in biological processes such as in vivo protein self-phosphorylation, peptide tyrosine phosphorylation, transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway, and positive regulation of RNA polymerase Ⅱ promoter transcription, and they interfere with the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to exert anti-OSCC effects. The docking results of resveratrol with OSCC molecules indicated that key targets, such as EGFR, ESR1, and SRC, have good binding activity. The results of cell-based experiments showed that resveratrol inhibited the protein expression of SRC, EGFR, ESR1, p-PI3K, and p-AKT in HSC-3 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion RES can inhibit the expression of its targets EGFR, ESR1, SRC, p-PI3K, and p-AKT in OSCC cells.

Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is an acquired clonal hematopoietic stem cell disease caused by abnormal expression of glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) on the cell membrane due to mutations in the phosphatidylinositol glycan class A(PIGA) gene. It is commonly characterized by intravascular hemolysis, repeated thrombosis, and bone marrow failure, as well as multiple systemic involvement symptoms such as renal dysfunction, pulmonary hypertension, swallowing difficulties, chest pain, abdominal pain, and erectile dysfunction. Due to the rarity of PNH and its strong heterogeneity in clinical manifestations, multidisciplinary collaboration is often required for diagnosis and treatment. Peking Union Medical College Hospital, relying on the rare disease diagnosis and treatment platform, has invited multidisciplinary clinical experts to form a unified opinion on the diagnosis and treatment of PNH, and formulated the Expert Consensus of Multidisciplinary Diagnosis and Treatment for Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria (2024), with the hope of promoting the standardization of PNH diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To establish an artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted platform for detection of parasite eggs, and to evaluate its detection efficiency and accuracy, so as to provide technical supports for elimination of parasitic diseases. Methods A total of 1 003 slides of Enterobius vermicularis, horkworm, Trichuris trichiura, Clonorchis sinensis, Taenia, Ascaris lumbricoides, Schistosoma japonicum, Paragonimus westermani and Fasciolopsis buski eggs were collected, and converted into digital images with an automatated scanning microscope to create a dataset. Based on the Object Detection platform on the Baidu Easy DL model, an AI-assisted platform for detection of parasite eggs was created through procedures of uploading, labeling, training, evaluation and optimization. Then, 70% of the datasets were randomly selected for model training, and the precision, recall and average accuracy were calculated to evaluate the effectiveness of platform for recognition of parasite eggs. In addition, the platform was deployed on the computer and smart phone terminals for use. Results An AI-assisted platform for detection of parasite eggs was successfully created. If the platform was deployed using the public cloud application programming interface (API), the average accuracy, precision and recall of the platform were 93.42%, 92.55% and 89.32% for recognition of parasite eggs. If the platform was deployed using the offline software development kit (SDK), the average accuracy, precision and recall of the platform were 92.97%, 94.78% and 87.63% for recognition of parasite eggs. In addition, the precision of the platform was 97.00% and 96.23% for identification of Taenia and C. sinensis eggs, respectively. Conclusions The AI-assisted platform for detection of parasite eggs has been successfully created, which is high in the accuracy for recognition of parasite eggs and convenient in use. This platform may provide a powerful technical support for parasitic disease diagnosis.

Objective To explore the molecular mechanism of resveratrol(RES)in the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)through the use of biological information methods such as network pharmacology and molecular docking and to provide a theoretical reference for the clinical application of RES in the treatment of OSCC.Methods The Swiss Target Prediction(http://www.swisstargetprediction.ch),SEA(http://sea.bkslab.org)database,and Pharm map-per database(http://lilab-ecust.cn)were used to retrieve RES-related targets,and the DISGENET(www.disgenet.org),OMIM(https://omim.org)and GeneCards(https://www.genecards.org)databases were used to screen OSCC disease tar-gets.The intersection of drugs and disease targets was determined,and Cytoscape 3.7.2 software was used to construct a"drug-diseasetarget pathway"network.The Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins(STRING)data-base was used to construct a target protein interaction network,and the DAVID database was used for enrichment analy-sis of key proteins.Finally,molecular docking validation of key proteins was performed using AutoDock and PyMOL.The enrichment analysis and molecular docking results were integrated to predict the possible molecular mechanisms of RES treatment in OSCC;western blot was used to determine the effect of resveratrol at different concentrations(50,100)μmol/L on the expression of Src tyrosine kinase(SRC),epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),estrogen re-ceptor gene 1(ESR1),and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/AKT)signaling pathway proteins in OSCC HSC-3 cells.Results A total of 243 targets of RES drugs and 6 094 targets of OSCC were identified.A total of 116 potential common targets were obtained by intersecting drugs with disease targets.These potential targets mainly participate in biological processes such as in vivo protein self-phosphorylation,peptide tyrosine phosphorylation,trans-membrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway,and positive regulation of RNA polymerase Ⅱ promot-er transcription,and they interfere with the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to exert anti-OSCC effects.The docking results of resveratrol with OSCC molecules indicated that key targets,such as EGFR,ESR1,and SRC,have good binding activi-ty.The results of cell-based experiments showed that resveratrol inhibited the protein expression of SRC,EGFR,ESR1,p-PI3K,and p-AKT in HSC-3 cells in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion RES can inhibit the expres-sion of its targets EGFR,ESR1,SRC,p-PI3K,and p-AKT in OSCC cells.

Objective To explore the molecular mechanism of resveratrol(RES)in the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)through the use of biological information methods such as network pharmacology and molecular docking and to provide a theoretical reference for the clinical application of RES in the treatment of OSCC.Methods The Swiss Target Prediction(http://www.swisstargetprediction.ch),SEA(http://sea.bkslab.org)database,and Pharm map-per database(http://lilab-ecust.cn)were used to retrieve RES-related targets,and the DISGENET(www.disgenet.org),OMIM(https://omim.org)and GeneCards(https://www.genecards.org)databases were used to screen OSCC disease tar-gets.The intersection of drugs and disease targets was determined,and Cytoscape 3.7.2 software was used to construct a"drug-diseasetarget pathway"network.The Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins(STRING)data-base was used to construct a target protein interaction network,and the DAVID database was used for enrichment analy-sis of key proteins.Finally,molecular docking validation of key proteins was performed using AutoDock and PyMOL.The enrichment analysis and molecular docking results were integrated to predict the possible molecular mechanisms of RES treatment in OSCC;western blot was used to determine the effect of resveratrol at different concentrations(50,100)μmol/L on the expression of Src tyrosine kinase(SRC),epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),estrogen re-ceptor gene 1(ESR1),and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/AKT)signaling pathway proteins in OSCC HSC-3 cells.Results A total of 243 targets of RES drugs and 6 094 targets of OSCC were identified.A total of 116 potential common targets were obtained by intersecting drugs with disease targets.These potential targets mainly participate in biological processes such as in vivo protein self-phosphorylation,peptide tyrosine phosphorylation,trans-membrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway,and positive regulation of RNA polymerase Ⅱ promot-er transcription,and they interfere with the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to exert anti-OSCC effects.The docking results of resveratrol with OSCC molecules indicated that key targets,such as EGFR,ESR1,and SRC,have good binding activi-ty.The results of cell-based experiments showed that resveratrol inhibited the protein expression of SRC,EGFR,ESR1,p-PI3K,and p-AKT in HSC-3 cells in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion RES can inhibit the expres-sion of its targets EGFR,ESR1,SRC,p-PI3K,and p-AKT in OSCC cells.

Objective To explore the molecular mechanism of resveratrol(RES)in the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)through the use of biological information methods such as network pharmacology and molecular docking and to provide a theoretical reference for the clinical application of RES in the treatment of OSCC.Methods The Swiss Target Prediction(http://www.swisstargetprediction.ch),SEA(http://sea.bkslab.org)database,and Pharm map-per database(http://lilab-ecust.cn)were used to retrieve RES-related targets,and the DISGENET(www.disgenet.org),OMIM(https://omim.org)and GeneCards(https://www.genecards.org)databases were used to screen OSCC disease tar-gets.The intersection of drugs and disease targets was determined,and Cytoscape 3.7.2 software was used to construct a"drug-diseasetarget pathway"network.The Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins(STRING)data-base was used to construct a target protein interaction network,and the DAVID database was used for enrichment analy-sis of key proteins.Finally,molecular docking validation of key proteins was performed using AutoDock and PyMOL.The enrichment analysis and molecular docking results were integrated to predict the possible molecular mechanisms of RES treatment in OSCC;western blot was used to determine the effect of resveratrol at different concentrations(50,100)μmol/L on the expression of Src tyrosine kinase(SRC),epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),estrogen re-ceptor gene 1(ESR1),and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/protein kinase B(PI3K/AKT)signaling pathway proteins in OSCC HSC-3 cells.Results A total of 243 targets of RES drugs and 6 094 targets of OSCC were identified.A total of 116 potential common targets were obtained by intersecting drugs with disease targets.These potential targets mainly participate in biological processes such as in vivo protein self-phosphorylation,peptide tyrosine phosphorylation,trans-membrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway,and positive regulation of RNA polymerase Ⅱ promot-er transcription,and they interfere with the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to exert anti-OSCC effects.The docking results of resveratrol with OSCC molecules indicated that key targets,such as EGFR,ESR1,and SRC,have good binding activi-ty.The results of cell-based experiments showed that resveratrol inhibited the protein expression of SRC,EGFR,ESR1,p-PI3K,and p-AKT in HSC-3 cells in a dose-dependent manner.Conclusion RES can inhibit the expres-sion of its targets EGFR,ESR1,SRC,p-PI3K,and p-AKT in OSCC cells.