Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy(TAO)represents the most prevalent chronic orbital disease in adults, significantly compromising patients' quality of life and physical and psychological well-being. Orbital decompression surgery has now emerged as a critical therapeutic intervention for reducing proptosis and alleviating optic nerve compression in TAO patients, with the development of tailored surgical regimens reflecting a key trend. Nonetheless, ophthalmologists encounter persistent hurdles in navigating the selection of optimal surgical techniques and quantifying the necessary extent of decompression. This review systematically synthesizes recent research advances in orbital decompression surgery for TAO. It examines the efficacy, indications, and key technical considerations of various surgical techniques, including orbital fat decompression, orbital wall decompression, and multi-wall decompression. Furthermore, the review summarizes critical factors influencing surgical outcomes and the application of various emerging techniques in orbital decompression procedures. This study aims to enhance the understanding of orbital decompression surgery and provide novel perspectives for ophthalmologists in formulating personalized surgical decompression strategies.

Objective In this study,we analyzed the transcriptome sequences of Kupffer cells exposed to simulated microgravity for 3 d and conducted biological experiments to determine how microgravity initiates apoptosis in Kupffer cells. Methods Rotary cell culture system was used to construct a simulated microgravity model.GO and KEGG analyses were conducted using the DAVID database.GSEA was performed using the R language.The STRING database was used to conduct PPI analysis.qPCR was used to measure the IL1B,TNFA,CASP3,CASP9,and BCL2L11 mRNA expressions.Western Blotting was performed to detect the level of proteins CASP3 and CASP 9.Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane cells.Transmission electron microscopy was used to detect changes in the ultrastructure of Kupffer cells. Results Transcriptome Sequencing indicated that simulated microgravity affected apoptosis and the inflammatory state of Kupffer cells.Simulated microgravity improved the CASP3,CASP9,and BCL2L11 expressions in Kupffer cells.Annexin-V/PI and JC-1 assays showed that simulated microgravity promoted apoptosis in Kupffer cells.Simulated microgravity causes M1 polarization in Kupffer cells. Conclusion Our study found that simulated microgravity facilitated the apoptosis of Kupffer cells through the mitochondrial pathway and activated Kupffer cells into M1 polarization,which can secrete TNFA to promote apoptosis.

Objective:The investigation and research on the application status of Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient (HVPG) is very important to understand the real situation and future development of this technology in China.Methods:This study comprehensively investigated the basic situation of HVPG technology in China, including hospital distribution, hospital level, annual number of cases, catheters used, average cost, indications and existing problems.Results:According to the survey, there were 70 hospitals in China carrying out HVPG technology in 2021, distributed in 28 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central Government). A total of 4 398 cases of HVPG were performed in all the surveyed hospitals in 2021, of which 2 291 cases (52.1%) were tested by HVPG alone. The average cost of HVPG detection was (5 617.2±2 079.4) yuan. 96.3% of the teams completed HVPG detection with balloon method, and most of the teams used thrombectomy balloon catheter (80.3%).Conclusion:Through this investigation, the status of domestic clinical application of HVPG has been clarified, and it has been confirmed that many domestic medical institutions have mastered this technology, but it still needs to continue to promote and popularize HVPG technology in the future.

Objective To establish an animal model of annulus fibrosus (AF) partial defect for the repairing of interver?tebral disc (IVD) defect. Methods Image J 1.46r software was used to measure the T12/L1-L6/S1 intervertebral height in ovine lumbar spine X-ray films. AF thickness was measured by axial split disc. A 11 blade was used to make a trapezoid de?fect of upper bottom 3 mm, lower bottom 5 mm, height 5 mm and thickness 3 mm, whose lower bottom toward the nucleus pulposus (NP) in the left front of ovine lumbar IVD in vitro. The minimally invasive lateral approach was used to make the same type of trapezoid defect in the left front of the ovine lumbar IVD in vivo. The trapezoidal defect length of the axial divid?ing disc was measured, AF and a small amount of NP from trapezoidal defect in IVD were weighed, and the production of trapezoidal defect in IVD was evaluated. Results The lumbar intervertebral space height of ovine was (4.45 ± 0.28) mm. There were significant differences in the thickness of AF (4.08±0.50) mm , thickness (3 mm) and height (5 mm) of trapezoidal defect (P<0.05), respectively. There were no significant differences in trapezoidal defects in ovine lumbar IVD in vitro on the upper bottom (3.03 ± 0.09)mm, the lower bottom (5.03 ± 0.09) mm, the height (4.97 ± 0.10) mm, the thickness(3.02 ± 0.06) mm and the trapezoidal defect predetermined value on the upper bottom 3 mm, the lower bottom 5 mm, the height 5 mm and the thickness 3 mm (P>0. 05). The weights of the AF and NP taken out from ovine lumbar IVD in vitro and in vivo were (0.162 ± 0.011) g and (0.166 ± 0.014) g, and there was no significant difference between them (P > 0.05). Conclusion Through the operation of minimally invasive lateral approach, the method of making a trapezoidal defect in the experiments can establish animal model of AF partial defect, which meets the requirements for the repairing of IVD defect, and is simple, safe and reliable.

Objective To compare with the efficiency between X-ray or B ultrasound guided puncture target calyces of treatment of upper urinary calculi in MPCNL.Methods From October 2010 to October 2012,we have a retrospective analysis of the 116 cases in urological department in the second affiliated hospital of Kunming Medical University,it had the sugery that was MPCNL.Selected 116 cases as the research object,(8 patients were lost to follow-up).With X-ray locating (48 cases),B ultrasound locating (53 cases),and compared with preoperative,intraoperative and postoperative clinical objective indicators of two different methods.Results X-ray locating (48 cases),the mean age was (44.86 ± 12.84) years; the mean Stone diameter(1.43 ±0.70) cm; Stone is located in the upper calyx in 1 case,the middle of calyx in 23 cases,under the calyx in 8 cases,the upper ureter in 16 cases.B ultrasonic locating (53 cases),the mean age was(46.36 ± 14.29) years; the mean Stone diameter (1.34 ±0.62) cm; Stone is located in the upper calyx in 2 cases,the middle of calyx in 24 cases,under the calyx in 8 cases,the upper ureter in 16 cases.Compared with preoperative general data of two groups,there was no statistically significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).X-ray group,the mean operation time (130.43 ± 31.63) min ; Intraoperative blood loss(80.42 ± 43.75) mL; Postoperative hospital stay (6.20 ± 2.08) d; Infected with 8 cases (17％) of postoperative,hemorrhage in 2 cases (4％) ; and calculi exhausted rate was 90％ (43/47).B Ultrasound group,the mean operation time(102.45 ± 36.32) min.Intraoperative blood loss(160.07 ± 52.33) mL;Postoperative hospital stay(5.62 ±2.37) d; Infected with 16 cases (30％) of postoperative,bleeding in 9 cases (17％) ; and calculi exhausted rate was 83％ (46/53).By comparison,X-ray and B ultrasound group in operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative infection,a stone exhausted rate was statistically significant (P ＜0.05),and postoperative hospital stay,no statistical significance (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion X-ray positioning compared with B ultrasound,X-ray is longer than B ultrasonic of operation time,but,blood much less,calculi exhausted rate is higher,and infected rate is lower.

Background and purpose:Epithelial ovarian cancer has the highest mortality rate of gynecologic cancers and overall survival rates have improved little in the last 20 to 30 years. CXXC ifnger protein 5 (CXXC5) plays an important role in AML (acute myeloid leukemia) and MDS (myelodysplasia). However, little is known about its clinical signiifcance and biological function in epithelial ovarian cancer. This study aimed to investigate the expression of the CXXC5 in ovarian cancer and the effect of the CXXC5 on ES-2 cell proliferation. Methods:①The alteration of CXXC5 in cancer genomics data of TCGA (Cancer Genome Atlas) was analyzed.②The CXXC5 protein in the tissue chips was detected containing 37 benign ovarian cyst and 173 malignant tumor samples. The relationship between the expression of the CXXC5 with the clinicopathological features of patients with ovarian cancer was analyzed by SPSS software;③The cells with the highest CXXC5 expression quantity from 5 ovarian cancer cells were selected by re-al-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blot.④ES-2 cells with shRNA stable transfection were construted us-ing the strategy of lentivirus infection and analyzed cell proliferation by cell counting kit-8(CCK8). Results:①Through the TCGA database, CXXC5 ampliifcation was found in 7 of 563 cases.②The CXXC5 expression in ovarian malignant carcinoma (39.3%) was higher than that in benign ovarian cyst (13.5%, P=0.003), the histologic type was highly asso-ciated with CXXC5 (43%in serous, 22.9%in mucinous, 23.5%in endometrioid, 67%in clear cell, P=0.014) and there was a signiifcant correlation between CXXC5 and lymph node metastasis (positive vs negative, P=0.022).③The ES-2 cells with shRNA stable transfection had a growth disadvantage (P<0.05). Conclusion:The CXXC5 gene might have an advantage in proliferation of epithelial ovarian carcinoma and be expected to become the biomarker of poor prognosis.

Objective To introduce a novel technique of intracolonic shunt procedure used in the anus - preserving operation for acute intestinal obstruction resulted from cancer at low and middle portions of rectum and assess the clinical significance. Methods In total, 81 patients with acute obstruction of low and middle portion of rectum caused by cancer were randomly ( random number) divided into control group and study group. In control group, 42 patients were operated with preventive transverse colonostomy or terminal ileum stoma after low proximal resection of rectum involved in cancer, while 39 patients were operated with intracolonic shunt procedure by using a biodegradable anastomosis ring and a condom placed 5 cm above anastomosis for protection in study group. Results There were no significant differences in sex, age, tumor site, tumor size and the distance from anstomosis to anal-edge between two groups. In both groups, the bowel movement resumed in 2 ~ 5 days after operation (P > 0.05). In study group, the rate of anastomosis leakage was 7.7% (3/39), and leakages were treated with drainage for 7.1 days in average to be healed, and the biodegradable anastomosis ring detached and were discharged in 14 -23 days (17 days in average), and there were no complications of drainage happened. The anastomotic stenosis occurred in three patients (7. 7% ) within 6 months after operation. In control group, 11.9% patients (5/42) had anastomosis leakage and they treated with drainage for 18.2 days in average to get the leakage healed, and 35. 7% patients (15/42) had stoma complications, and anastomotic stenosis happened in 28.6% patients (12/42) within 6 months after operation, and 7. 1% patients need another operation because of severe anastomosis stenosis. There were no significant differences in rate of anastomosis leakage between tow groups ( P > 0. 05), but there were significant differences in drainage days after anstomosis leakage happened and 6 - months anastomosis stenosis between two groups (P<0.05). Conclusions In the anus -preserving operation for acute intestinal obstruction at low and middle portions of rectum caused by cancer , the intracolonic shunt procedure is convenient and safty, and reduces the hazard incurred by anastomosis leakage and anastomosis stenosis compared with classic stoma operation.

Purpose To investigate the protein expression of p53 and E-cadherin in gastric adenocarcinoma and the effects of them and the clinicopathological parameters on prognosis of patients.Methods Expression of p53,E-cadherin in 150 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma was detected by tissue microarray and immunohistochemistry.The effects of them and the clinicopathological parameters on the prognosis of patients were studied by Kaplan-Meier method to calculate and compare the cumulative survival rate and postoperative mean survival time.Multivariate analysis was also performed by COX regression.Results The positive rate of p53 and E-cadherin expression in 150 cases of gastric adenocarcinoma was 31.3% and 91.3%,respectively.74 cases were followed up, and the 1-,3-,and 5-year survival rates were 83.8%,70.3% and 63.5%,respectively.The invasion, lymph node status and pTNM stages were prognostic factors;multivariate analysis revealed that p53,age and lymph node status were independent prognostic invasion, lymph node status and pTNM stages are important prognostic factors in gastric adenocarcinoma. Nevertheless, E-cadherin and histological classification are not prognostic factors.

Objective To explore the effect of anti-terrorism practices on the psychological health of military policemen.Methods The health statement of 101 soldiers and officers who took part in the anti-terrorism practices was estimated with Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS).ResultsThe total raw score, positive titles average score and negative titles score of SAS of these military policemen were all higher than national norm ( PP<0.05). The total raw score and standrad score of SDS were also higher than national norm, but without statistical meaning( P>0.05); while, the scores of hopelessness and impractical life feeling were significantly lower than national norm ( P<0.01), the scores of apptite decreasing, the weight lighten, easy tired were significantly higher than national norm ( P<0.01).ConclusionThe military policemen have higher anxietical feeling and some level of somatizational depression.

Objective To investigate the prognosis and its related factors of acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL).Methods Fifty-four patients with APL,from January 1994 to February 2005 in our hospital,were studied retrospectively.Univariate analysis of the potential factors influencing survival of these patients was carried out by comparison of the cases in same stage with chi square test and Log-Rank method.Prognostic indicators were demonstrated by CR rate,overall survival(OS)and event-free survival(EFS).Results 45 patients(83.3%)entered CR.The results showed that 1-year and 3-year OS of 54 patients were 81.5% and 73.3% respectively,1-year and 3-year EFS were 78.4% and 66.6% respectively.The estimated 5-year OS and EFS were 60.5?2.4% and 52.4?1.5% respectively.The analysis of prognostic factors showed that:Sex,age,initial WBC count,initial PLT count,marrow cellular morphology features,first induction regimen and time from induction therapy to CR were all important prognostic factors of APL.Conclusion Factors,including age