Objective: To examine the association of body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) with frailty among oldest-old adults in China. Methods: A total of 7 987 people aged 80 years and older (oldest-old) who participated in the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) in 2017-2018 were included. Information on demographic characteristics, behavior pattern, diet, activities of daily living, cognitive function, health status, disease condition were collected by questionnaire and physical examination. Generalized linear mixed model and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were used to analyze the association of BMI and WC with frailty. Results: The mean age of all participants was 91.7 years, and their mean BMI and WC were (21.3±3.5) kg/m² and (82.9±10.5) cm, respectively. The proportion of male was 42.3% (3 377/7 987), and the proportion of people with frailty was 33.7% (2 664/7 987). After controlling confounding factors, compared with T₂ (19.1-22.1 kg/m²) of BMI, the OR (95%CI) of the female T₁ (<19.1 kg/m²) and T₃ (≥22.2 kg/m²) group was 1.39 (1.17-1.65) and 1.27 (1.07-1.52), respectively. Compared with T₂ (77-85 cm) of WC, the OR (95%CI) of female T₁ (<77 cm) and T₃ (≥86 cm) group was 1.20 (1.01-1.42) and 1.10 (0.93-1.31), respectively. The results of multiple linear regression model with restrictive cubic spline showed that there was a non-linear association of BMI and WC with frailty in female. Conclusion: There is a U-shaped association of BMI and WC with frailty in female participants.
Adult ; Male ; Female ; Humans ; Aged, 80 and over ; Waist Circumference ; Body Mass Index ; Frailty/epidemiology* ; Activities of Daily Living ; China/epidemiology* ; Risk Factors

OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to analyze the applicability of the World Health Organization's exclusionary guidelines for Urinary creatinine (Ucr) in the general Chinese population, and to identify Ucr related factors. METHODS: We conduct a cross-sectional study using baseline data from 21,167 participants in the China National Human Biomonitoring Program. Mixed linear models and restricted cubic splines (RCS) were used to analyze the associations between explanatory variables and Ucr concentration. RESULTS: The geometric mean and median concentrations of Ucr in the general Chinese population were 0.90 g/L and 1.01 g/L, respectively. And 9.36% samples were outside 0.3-3.0 g/L, including 7.83% below the lower limit and 1.53% above the upper limit. Middle age, male, obesity, smoking, higher frequency of red meat consumption and chronic kidney disease were associated significantly with higher concentrations of Ucr. Results of the RCS showed Ucr was positively and linearly associated with body mass index, inversely and linearly associated with systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides level, and glomerular filtration rate, and were non-linearly associated with triiodothyronine. CONCLUSION The age- and gender-specific cut-off values of Ucr that determine the validity of urine samples in the general Chinese population were recommended. To avoid introducing bias into epidemiologic associations, the potential predictors of Ucr observed in the current study should be considered when using Ucr to adjust for variations in urine dilution.
Middle Aged ; Male ; Humans ; Creatinine ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Asian People ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; China

OBJECTIVE: To explore the influencing factors of low back pain and the relationship of the influence of bad working posture, weight load and frequency of load and the dose-response relationship among the occupational workers of key industries in China. METHODS: A total of 57 501 employees from 15 key industries in China were selected as research subjects using stratified cluster sampling method. The occurrence of low back pain in the past one year, as well as occupational factors such as job type, labor organization and work posture were investigated by using the Chinese version Musculoskeletal Disorders Questionnaire. RESULTS: The prevalence of low back pain in the occupational population of key industries in China was 16.4%(9 448/57 501). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of low back pain in females was higher than that in males(P<0.01). Married, obese, occasional and frequent smokers, and a history of lower back disease were associated with increased risk of low back pain(all P<0.05). The risk of low back pain was associated with older age, higher education level, and lower frequency of physical exercise(all P<0.01). The risk of low back pain was higher with longer working time, greater back curvature, and the high frequency of long standing and sitting position work, uncomfortable working posture, repeated operation per minute, and lifting>5 kg weight(all P<0.01). CONCLUSION: The influencing factors of low back pain in the occupational population of key industries in China include bad working posture, high frequency load, weight load and other individual factors. There is a dose-response relationship with low back posture load and frequency of load.

Objective To explore the clinical features and risk factors of poor prognosis in neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis(NEC).Methods A retrospective study was carried out in the infants with NEC admitted to 6 cooperative hospitals in Guangdong Province between January 2005 and December 2014.The clinical features and risk factors of poor prognosis in preterm and full-term infants diagnosed NEC,early onset and late onset NEC were analyzed.Results A total of 449 cases who met the criteria were admitted during the study time.The mortality was 23.6％ (106/449 cases),of which the preterm group was 24.6％ (58/238 cases) while the full-term group was 22.7％ (48/211 cases),the early onset group was 22.1％ (45/204 cases) while the late onset group was 24.3％ (57/235 cases).The median number of NEC onset in preterm group was 11 d after birth while the number of the full-term group was 6 d.Full-term infants who diagnosed NEC were more likely to manifest themselves as abdominal distension (52.1％ vs.42.0％,x2 =4.597,P =0.032),vomiting(36.5％ vs.17.2％,x2 =21.428,P =0.000) and bloody stool(30.3％ vs.21.4％,x2 =4.653,P =0.031);but in the onset of NEC,preterm infants more likely to have feeding intolerance (21.0％ vs.12.8％,x2=5.309,P =0.021).The early onset group of full-term NEC was much common in twins or multiplets(9.4％ vs.1.1％,x2 =6.226,P =0.013),which rate of surgical therapy was much higher (41.0％ vs.27.0％,P =0.036) and the breast-feeding rate before NEC was lower than the late onset group(14.5％ vs.32.6％,x2 =9.500,P =0.002),the differences were statistically significant.The gestational age and birth weight were bigger in the early onset group of preterm NEC[(33.8 ±2.5) weeks vs.(32.2 ±2.8) weeks,t =4.261,P =0.000;(2.1 ±0.5) kg vs.(1.7 ± 0.5) kg,t =4.735,P =0.000)],but length of stay was shorter than the late onset group (18.0 d vs.26.5 d,P =0.000).Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors of poor prognosis of full-term NEC were shock,peritonitis and sepsis;while risk factors of poor prognosis of preterm NEC were small for gestational age infant,pulmonary hemorrhage,shock,intestinal perforation and sepsis;the risk factors of poor prognosis of the early onset group of full-term NEC was shock;while those of the late onset group were shock and peritonitis;the risk factors of poor prognosis in the early onset group of preterm NEC were shock and sepsis,while those in the late onset group were pulmonary hemorrhage,shock,intestinal perforation and sepsis.Conclusions Compared to the preterm NEC,the onset time of full-term NEC was earlier and the clinical manifestations were more typical.Early identification and management of shock,peritonitis,intestinal perforation,sepsis and pulmonary hemorrhage can reduce the risk of poor prognosis of neonate NEC.

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between expression of CD96 and CD123 and prognosis of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS).

METHODSEight-nine MDS patients(MDS group) and 20 persons without hematologic disease as controls(Control group) were enrolled. The patients were grouped by the risk. All participants received bone marrow biopsy. Mononuclear cells were extracted, CD34CD38CD123and CD34CD38CD96cells were counted by using flow cytometry. Expressions of 2 type cells in control group, MDS group and its subgroups were analyzed.

RESULTSThe proportion of CD34cells and CD34CD38cells in mononuclear cells of patients in MDS group was higher than in control group (P<0.05). The proportions of CD34CD38CD123cells and CD34CD38CD96cells in CD34CD38cells were significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05) and the proportion increased with the risk. In the low-and middle-risk group, the rates of complete remission(CR) and partial remission(PR) of patients with CD123and CD96were higher than those in patients with CD123and CD96; in the middle-2 and high risk patients, the PR of patients with CD123was higher than that in patients with CD123(P<0.05). The CR rate of patients with CD96was higher than that of patients with CD96(P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe differentiation of CD34cells in bone marrow of MDS patients is abnormal, and the high expression of CD123 and CD96 cells existes. These findings may partially explain the cause of hematopoietic stem cell malignant clone in MDS patients.

Objectives: To investigate the relationships between the stability of carotid plaque and serum Lp-PLA2, A-FABP levels in hypertensive postmenopausal women. Methods: 195 postmenopausal women with hypertension were selected and divided into non-plaque group, stable plaque group and unstable plaque group according to the results of carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) and plaque types derived from color doppler ultrasonography. In addition, 40 healthy postmenopausal women were recruited as normal control group. The serum Lp-PLA2 and A-FABP levels of all subjects were measured. Lp-PLA2 and A-FABP levels were compared among four groups by One-Way ANOVA. Spearman correlation analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis were also performed. Results: Plaque group included 123 subjects (unstable plaque group: 29 cases; stable plaque group: 94 cases), and non-plaque group included 72 subjects. The average serum A-FABP level was significantly higher in unstable plaque group [(172.60±33.70) ng/L] than in non-plaque group[(133.04±29.49) ng/L], P<0.05. Serum Lp-PLA2 level was similar between the four groups, P>0.05. Serum A-FABP level was positively correlated with the carotid plaque (r=0.3446, P=0.0049);serum Lp-PLA2 level was not correlated with the carotid plaque (r=0.2058, P=0.0996). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that high A-FABP level was associated with stable plaque in hypertensive postmenopausal women (P=0.040, OR=1.017, 95%CI: 1.001~1.033), which was also associated with unstable plaque in this population (P=0.003, OR=1.031, 95%CI: 1.010~1.052). Conclusions: The level of A-FABP is a determinant responsible for the occurrence and stability of carotid plaque among hypertensive postmenopausal women. There was no correlation between Lp-PLA2 level and the stability of carotid plaque in this patient cohort.

Objective To determine the rosuvastatin concentration in human plasma by establishing HPLC-MS/MS method.Method The plasma was treated with liquid-liquid extraction,using rosuvastatin-D6 as internal standard.Chromatographic column:Thermo(R) HypersⅡ GOLD (2.1 mm × 100 mm,3.0 μm),column temperature:40 ℃,mobile phase:Methanol-0.1％ formic acid and 5 mmol · L-1 ammonium formate,isocratic elution,flow rate:0.35 mL · min-1,mass concentration of the sample was measured with positive ion scan and multiple reaction monitoring mode.The specificity,lower limit of quantitation,standard curve,precision and accuracy,recovery and stability as well as the matrix effect were investigated.Result The standard curve of rosuvastatin was y =3.29 × 10-1 x-3.46 × 10-3 (r =0.998 8),and rosuvastatin had good linear relationship in 0.05-25.00 ng · mL-1,the lower limit of quantitation of the methodwas 0.05 ng · mL-1.Intra-day and inter-day RSD of the plasma samples were less than 15％,the average recovery was ＞ 95％,and stability was good.Conclusion The method is simple,rapid,sensitive and accurate,specific,which is suitable for the determination of rosuvastatin concentration in human plasma.

Objective Subjects failed to filter the reasons were summarized through the analysis of phase Ⅰ clinical trial process.Methods The reasons for the screening failure were summarized and the possible influencing factors were discussed by analyzing the screening process in a clinical trial of cardiovascular drugs that involved 106 cases of healthy adults.Results Compliance,physical examination,laboratory tests and special examinations may be related to the screening failure,among which laboratory test failure was the leading cause (39.76％) followed by Holter electrocardiogram (28.89％),while echocardiography and compliance factors respectively accounted for 10.0％ and 10.38％.Conclusion The screening success rate can be improved by developing a suitable range of laboratory normalization and depth of knowledge.

Objective To investigate the effects of ATP-binding cassette sub-family G member 2 (ABCG2) and CYP3A4 gene polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics of bicalutamide and compare the pharmacokinetic properties of different formulations of bicalutamide (capsules and tablets).Methods The subjects were randomly divided into two groups:a single dose of oral test preparation or reference preparation 50 mg,the high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to determine of plasma concentration of bicalutamide,the Phoenix WinNonlin 6.4 was used to calculate pharmacokinetic parameters,and bioequivalence evaluation.Analysis the effects of ABCG2 gene polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics of bicalutamide by SPSS.Results The main phannaeokinetie parameters of the bicalutamide in the test and reference preparation were as follows:Cmax were (900.00 ± 159.20) and (902.40 ± 146.10) ng· mL-1;tmax were (26.40 ± 9.60) and (35.30 ± 19.80) h;AUC0-t were (1.96 × 105 ±3.28 × 104) and (2.02 × 105 ±4.84 × 104) ng · h · mL-1;AUC0-∞ were(2.03 × 105 ±3.62 × 104)and(2.11 × 105 ±5.63 × 104)ng · h · mL-1.The 90％ confidence interval of Cmax was 88.93％-111.39％;the 90％ confidence interval of AUC0-t was 85.97％-110.76％,the AUC0-∞ 90％ confidence interval was 85.18％-111.51％.There was a significant difference of AUC0-t between CC,AA and CA group (P ＜0.05) and a significant difference of AUC0-∞ between CC and AA group (P ＜ 0.05).There was significant difference of CL between CC and AA group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The pharmacokinetic properties of the two preparations are similar.

Objective To determine the arbidol concentration in human plasma by established HPLC-MS/MS method.Methods The plasma was treated with protein precipitation,arbidol-d6 was used as internal standard,chromatographic column was Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 column (2.1 mm × 50 mm,5 μm),column temperature was 30 ℃,mobile phase was methanol-0.1％ formic acid,isocratic elution,flow rate was 0.25 mL · min-1,mass concentration of the sample was measured with positive ion scan and multiple reaction monitoring mode.The specificity,lower limit of quantitation and standard curve,precision and recovery rate and stability as well as the matrix effect were investigated.Results The standard curve of arbidol was y =1.52 × 10-1x-1.38 × 10-3 (r =0.999 7),and in 10-1000 ng· mL-1 good linear relationship,the lowest concentration was 10 ng · mL-1.Intra-day and inter-day RSD of blood samples were less than 15％,the average recovery was ＞95％,and stability was good.Conclusion The method is simple,rapid,sensitive and accurate,specific,suitable for the determination of arbidol concentration in human plasma.