Lung cancer is the leading cause of death worldwide. With the prevalence of CT screening and early diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer in China, more and more patients with early-stage lung cancer characterized with ground-glass opacity are discovered and urgently require treatment, which poses a significant challenge to surgeons. As an emerging technology, three dimensional reconstruction technology plays a crucial auxiliary role in clinical work. This review aims to briefly introduce this technology, focusing on its latest advances in surgical applications in early lung cancer screening, malignant risk assessment, and perioperative period application and medical education.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the ameliorative effects and mechanisms of Miao medicine Euphorbia humifusa on hepatic fibrosis （HF） model rats. METHODS Thirty-eight rats were randomly assigned according to a random number table into control group （normal saline， n＝7）， model group （normal saline， n＝7）， E. humifusa low-， medium- and high-dose groups （0.675， 1.35， 2.70 g/kg， n＝6）， and silybin group （positive control， 18.9 mg/kg， n＝6）. All groups except the control group were subjected to HF induction via intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride. After modeling， rats were administered their respective drugs/normal saline by gavage， once a day， for 30 days. At the last medication， the liver index was calculated， and serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-17 （IL-17）， IL-1β， IL-6， alanine transaminase （ALT）， aspartate transaminase （AST）， and hydroxyproline （HYP） were measured. Liver morphology and HF changes were observed. Levels of transforming growth factor- β1 （TGF- β1） and α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA）， as well as the expressions of α -SMA， proteins related to TNF- α/NF- κB signaling pathway， mRNA expressions of TNF-α and NF-κB p65 in liver tissue were determined. RESULTS Compared with model group， liver index， serum levels of TNF-α， IL-17， IL-1β， IL-6， ALT， AST and HYP， relative expression of NF-κB p65 mRNA， and the levels of TNF-α and α-SMA proteins and phosphorylated NF-κB p65 in liver tissues of rats from administration groups， the expressions of α-SMA and TGF-β1 in liver tissue of rats from E. humifusa medium-dose and high-dose groups， as well as positive staining percentage and mRNA expression of TNF- α in liver tissue of rats from E. humifusa high-dose group were all decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）； IκBα protein expression from administration groups was significantly increased （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Pathological changes and the degree of HF in the liver tissues of rats from administration groups were ameliorated to various extents. CONCLUSIONS E. humifusa may alleviate HF in rats by inhibiting the activation of the TNF-α/NF-κB signaling pathway.

BackgroundRumination can play a certain degree role of psychological adjustment in cancer patients. Previous studies have focused on studying the level of rumination in a single type of cancer patient， but there is a lack of comprehensive investigation and influencing factor research on rumination levels in different types of cancer patients. ObjectiveTo explore the level of rumination and its influencing factors among middle-advanced cancer inpatients， so as to provide certain guidance for targeted psychological care in clinical practice. MethodsFrom January 2021 to December 2022， a systematic sampling technique was used to recruit 346 patients with TNM stage III or above tumors hospitalized in Nuclear Industry 416 Hospital， Chengdu Sixth People's Hospital and the First People's Hospital of Yibin. All individuals were assessed using Perceived Social Support Scale （PSSS） and the Chinese version of Event-Related Ruminant Inventory （C-ERRI）， and Logistic regression analysis was utilized to identify the influencing factors of rumination. ResultsIn terms of C-ERRI， patients scored （15.59±5.61） on intrusive rumination and （14.59±5.43） on deliberate rumination. Education levels of junior high school/high school/vocational training school （OR=0.817， P<0.01） and junior college and above （OR=0.579， P<0.05） were the protective factors of intrusive rumination， whereas annual personal incomes of <10 000 yuan （OR=4.918， P<0.01） or 10 000~50 000 yuan （OR=2.076， P<0.01） and low （OR=6.882， P<0.01） or middle （OR=3.114， P<0.01） level of social support were the risk factors of intrusive rumination. For deliberate rumination， education levels of junior high school/high school/vocational training school （OR=0.574， P<0.01） and junior college and above （OR=0.449， P<0.05） were the protective factors， and low （OR=1.391， P<0.01） or middle （OR=1.161， P<0.05） levels of social support were the risk factors. ConclusionThe level of intrusive rumination of inpatients with middle-advanced cancer is related to education level， economic status and social support， furthermore， the level of deliberate rumination is related to the educational level and social support. ［Funded by Medical Research Project of Chengdu Health Commission （ number， 2020119）］

In 2022， Hainan provincial government launched the project for the prevention and control of viral hepatitis with the goals of a hepatitis B screening rate of 90%， a diagnostic rate of 90%， and a treatment rate of 80% among people aged 18 years and above by the year 2025， and the main intervention measures include population-based prevention， case screening， antiviral therapy， and health management. As of December 31， 2024， a total of 6.875 million individuals in the general population had been screened for hepatitis B， with a screening rate of 95.6%. A total of 184 710 individuals with positive HBsAg were identified， among whom 156 772 were diagnosed through serological reexamination， resulting in a diagnostic rate of 84.9%. A total of 50 742 patients with chronic hepatitis B were identified， among whom 42 921 had hepatitis B-specific health records established for health management， with a file establishment rate of 84.6%. A total of 31 553 individuals received antiviral therapy， with a treatment rate of 62.2%. A total of 2.503 million individuals at a high risk of hepatitis C were screened， among whom 4 870 tested positive for HCV antibody and 3 858 underwent HCV RNA testing， resulting in a diagnostic rate of 79.2%， and 1 824 individuals with positive HCV RNA were identified， among whom 1 194 received antiviral therapy， with a treatment rate of 65.5%. In addition， 159 301 individuals with negative HBsAg and anti-HBs and an age of 20 — 40 years were inoculated with hepatitis B vaccine free of charge. Through the implementation of the project for the prevention and control of viral hepatitis， a large number of hepatitis patients have been identified， treated， and managed in the province within a short period of time， which significantly accelerates the efforts to eliminate the crisis of viral hepatitis.

Diabetes mellitus(DM)is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by persistent hyperglycemia and rapidly increasing. The ocular surface microbiota(OSM)consists of microbial communities that colonize the eye surface, mainly bacteria, and perform an important role in maintaining ocular health. Hyperglycemia creates a favorable microenvironment for the OSM, leading to an imbalance of the microflora. However, unpredictable changes in OSM are strongly associated with dry eye disease, corneal neuropathy, and infectious ocular surface diseases in environmental changes. In recent years, next-generation sequencing technology has been applied to detect the OSM and confirm that the eye microbiome is closely related to DM. Research indicates that dysbiosis of the OSM plays a critical role in the onset and progression of DM-related ocular surface diseases. This review investigates the correlation between OSM and patients with DM. Moreover, we provide a reference for the occurrence and development of diabetes-related ocular surface diseases and their treatment.

BACKGROUND:Knee osteoarthritis(KOA)is a common chronic inflammatory disease that causes damage to joint cartilage and surrounding tissues.Immune cells play an important role in the immune-inflammatory response in knee osteoarthritis,but the specific mechanisms involved are still not fully understood. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the potential causal relationship between 731 immune cell phenotypes and the risk of knee osteoarthritis using Mendelian randomization. METHODS:Summary statistics of genome-wide association studies(GWAS)for 731 immune cell phenotypes(from GCST0001391 to GCST0002121)obtained from the GWAS catalog and GWAS data for knee osteoarthritis from the IEUGWAS database(ebi-a-GCST007090)were used.Inverse variance-weighted method,MR-Egger regression,weighted median method,weighted mode method,and simple mode method were employed to investigate the causal relationship between immune cells and knee osteoarthritis.Sensitivity analyses were conducted to assess the reliability of the Mendelian randomization results.Reverse Mendelian randomization analysis was also performed using the same methods. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The forward MR analysis indicated significant causal relationships(FDR<0.20)between knee osteoarthritis and four immune cell phenotypes,namely CD27 on CD24+CD27+in B cells(OR=1.026,P=0.000 26,Pfdr=0.18),CD33 on CD33dim HLA DR-in myeloid cells(OR=1.014,P=0.000 50,Pfdr=0.18),and CD45RA+CD28-CD8br%CD8br in Treg cells(OR=1.001,P=0.000 78,Pfdr=0.18),and PDL-1 on monocytes in mononuclear cells(OR=0.952,P=0.000 98,Pfdr=0.18).These immune cell phenotypes showed direct positive or negative causal associations with the risk of knee osteoarthritis.Reverse Mendelian randomization analysis revealed no significant causal relationships(FDR<0.20)between knee osteoarthritis as exposure and any of the 731 immune cell phenotypes.The results of sensitivity analysis show that the P-values of the Cochran's Q test and the MR-Egger regression method for bidirectional Mendelian randomization were both greater than 0.05,indicating that there is no significant heterogeneity and pleiotropy in the causal effect analysis between immune cell phenotypes and knee osteoarthritis.To conclude,there may be four potential causal relationships between immune cell phenotypes,such as CD27 on CD24+CD27+cells,CD33 on CD33dim HLA DR-cells,CD45RA+CD28-CD8br%CD8br cells,and PDL-1 on monocytes,and knee osteoarthritis.These findings provide valuable clues for studying the biological mechanisms of knee osteoarthritis and exploring early prevention and treatment strategies.They also offer new directions for the development of intervention drugs.

This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect of Yindan Pinggan capsules (YDPG) on intrahepatic cholestasis (IHC) through animal experiments, while utilizing network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques to explore its potential mechanisms. Initially, the therapeutic effect of YDPG on an α-naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT)-induced IHC mouse model was assessed through liver function tests, routine blood tests, and liver pathology analysis. Subsequently, network pharmacology tools were employed to predict the active components, core targets, and signaling pathways of YDPG. Molecular docking technology was employed to verify the binding activity of key active components of YDPG with core targets, followed by protein immunoblotting to validate the key targets. Results showed that YDPG significantly improved liver function abnormalities and hepatocyte damage in IHC mice. Network pharmacology analysis revealed that 94 active components in YDPG were associated with 396 targets for the treatment of IHC, and were significantly enriched in pathways such as the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathway, lipid metabolism, and bile secretion. Molecular docking results showed good binding activity between key active components of YDPG and core targets of the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway. Further protein immunoblotting confirmed that YDPG could reduce the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and AKT proteins, core targets of the PI3K-AKT pathway in liver tissue. These findings suggest that YDPG may alleviate biological processes such as oxidative stress and inflammatory responses by regulating the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway, thereby improving liver damage in IHC mice and exerting a therapeutic effect on IHC. This experiment has been approved by the Animal Experiment Ethics Committee of Jinan University (ethical approval number: IACUC-20241011-09).

ObjectiveTo investigate the influenza vaccination coverage among kindergarten and primary school children in Zhejiang Province in 2023 and analyze the influencing factors, and to provide the basis for improving the effect of influenza vaccination in children. MethodsA multi-stage random cluster sampling method was used to select 3 681 parents of children from 10 primary schools and kindergartens based on economic level and geographical distribution in Zhejiang Province, who participated in an online questionnaire survey, including basic information about the children and their parents, parents’ knowledge about influenza, and their willingness to vaccination. ResultsAmong the 3 681 parents surveyed, 33.82% (1 245/3 681) reported that their children received influenza vaccination in 2023. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that factors contributing to children’s influenza vaccination included both parents [adjusted OR (95%CI): 1.56 (1.32‒1.84)] and children [6.04 (5.04‒7.27)] having a history of influenza vaccination, parents’ conviction the influenza vaccine could protect children from severe diseases [1.43 (1.19‒1.74)], and the willingness of most parents would let their children get vaccinated [1.40 (1.13‒1.74)]. In contrast, vaccine hesitancy among parents [0.55 (0.43‒0.69)] and the belief that influenza is just a common cold [0.80 (0.65‒1.00)] were hindering factors. ConclusionThe influenza vaccination coverage among children is insufficient. Both the vaccination history of parents and children, as well as parents’ correct understanding of influenza and the effectiveness of influenza vaccine, significantly influence the influenza vaccination status in children. Efforts to address vaccine hesitancy and misconceptions about influenza are essential to improve vaccination rates.

Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics and genotype distribution of acute hepatitis B in Tianjin, and to find out the relationship between genotype and epidemic characteristics. Methods The information of acute hepatitis B cases with a local address in Tianjin was collected through the National Infectious Disease Surveillance System in Tianjin from 2018 to 2022. The patient outcomes were followed up through hospital system records and telephone survey, and hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes were detected by fluorescent PCR. Results From 2018 to 2022, there were 387 cases of acute hepatitis B with local address reported in Tianjin, with an average annual reported incidence rate of 0.52/100 000, showing a downward trend in general (χ²=28.553，P<0.001). The reported male to female incidence ratio was 1.68. The age distribution was mainly concentrated in the 30-65 age group, with the highest incidence rate (1.22/100 000) reported in the 35-39 age group. 72.87% of cases showed negative HBsAg after 6 months of follow-up following diagnosis. The proportion of cadres and staff who turned negative (92.16%) was significantly higher than that of those who did not turn negative (0%). The median ALT (1508.00 U/L) in the turning negative group was significantly higher than that in the non-turning negative group (976.00 U/L). Among 315 cases with successful genotyping, genotype C accounted for 81.27%, and genotype B accounted for 14.92%, with 47 cases. The median ALT of genotype B patients with acute hepatitis B (1585.00 U/L) was significantly higher than that of genotype C patients (988.00 U/L). Conclusion The reported incidence rate of acute hepatitis B in Tianjin is relatively low, and shows a downward trend. Young and middle-aged men are prone to infect HBV. Genotype C is the main genotype, and genotype B HBV causes more serious liver damage in patients with acute hepatitis B.

Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a common problem in military maritime navigation, which greatly affects the safety of military missions. The use of animal models to carry out research on the mechanism of CFS and treatment measures is a common method. This paper systematically introduced the construction methods of CFS models such as single-factor and multi-factor models, summarized common evaluation indicators of CFS, including behavioral and biochemical indicators, and summed up key characteristics of CFS animal models in military oceanic navigation combined with common causes of CFS in military contexts, such as prolonged continuous work, high-intensity physical activity, sleep deprivation, psychological stress, and extreme environmental conditions. The key characteristics of the animal models included, but not limited to, chronic fatigue, sleep disorders, impaired cognitive function, psychological stress responses, and abnormal biochemical indicators. Furthermore, this article identified future research directions for CFS animal models in military oceanic navigation to enhance the application value of the models and provide robust support for the health protection and disease prevention of military personnel.