Objective To investigate the distribution and antibiotic resistance of the pathogens isolated from blood of the inpatients in hematology ward.Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility test was carried out using Kirby-Bauer method.The data were analyzed by WHONET 5.6 software.Results Of the 521 microbial isolates collected,gram-negative bacilli accounted for 47.2％,grampositive cocci 45.7％ and fungi (7.1％).The most frequently isolated microorganisms were coagulase negative Staphylococcus (154),E.coli (88),K.pneumoniae (51),P.aeruginosa (39) and Enterococcus spp (34).ESBLs were produced in about 40.4％ of the K.pneumoniae isolates and 63.4％ of the E.coli isolates.At least 90％ of the E.coli isolates were susceptible to imipenem and meropenem,and at least 70％ susceptible to piperacillin-tazobactam.At least 85％ of the K.pneumoniae strains were susceptible to imipenem and meropenem,and at least 70％ susceptible to levofloxacin,piperacillin-tazobactam and cefoperazone-sulbactam.The percentage of the P.aeruginosa susceptible to ciprofloxacin and tobramycin was at least 90％,and higher than 70％ to levofloxacin,meropenem,imipenem,piperacillin-tazobactam,cefepime,and cefoperazone-sulbactam.More than 90％ strains of the coagulase negative Staphylococcus and Enterococcus were susceptible to linezolid and teicoplanin.Overall,82.5％ of the coagulase negative Staphylococcus isolates were resistant to methicillin.Three E.coli isolates and 4 K.pneumoniae isolates were found resistant to carbapenems,and 14 Enterococcus isolates were resistant to vancomycin.Conclusions Gram-negative bacilli are the major pathogens from blood samples in hematology ward,which show high susceptibility to piperacillin-tazobactam and cefoperazone-sulbactam,imipenem and meropenem.The grampositive cocci show high susceptibility to linezolid and teicoplanin.These data are helpful for empirical antimicrobial therapy.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics and outcome of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) with SIL-TAL1 rearrangement.Methods 62 newly diagnosed T-ALL patients including 15 patients with SIL-TAL1 rearrangement were systemically reviewed.Results Compared with SIL-TAL1-T-ALL patients,SIL-TAL1 + T-ALL patients was characterized by higher white blood cell count (P =0.029) at diagnosis,predominant cortical T-ALL immunophenotype (P =0.028) of the leukemic blasts,a higher prevalence of acute tumor lysis syndrome (P ＜ 0.001) and disseminated intravascular coagulation (P ＜ 0.001),which led to a higher early mortality (26.7 ％ (4/15) vs 4.3 ％ (2/47),P =0.011).Compared with SIL-TAL1-patients,SIL-TAL1+ patients had shorter relapse free survival (2 months vs 12 months,P =0.007) and overall survival (4 months vs 25 months,P =0.002).Conclusion SIL-TAL1 rearrangement identifies a distinct subtype with inferior outcome which could allow for individual therapeutic stratification for T-ALL patients.

[ ABSTRACT] The splicing factors were characterized for their crucial roles in pre-mRNA splicing of eukaryons. SRSF2 is a member of the SR protein family which is one of the most common splicing factors, and it is believed to be a key element in pre-mRNA splicing, mRNA transcription, regulation of the DNA stability and cell proliferation.SRSF2 gene mutation is detected frequently in myeloid malignancies ( like MDS and CMML) and may be associated with the phenotype and prognosis of these malignancies.The paper makes a review for the latest research progression on SRSF2 gene mutation and its relationship with myeloid malignancies.

Objective To study the adsorption and separation of licorice flavonoid with macroporous resins. Methods Eight types of macroporous resin were selected to compare their performances in absorbing and desorbing licorice flavonoid. The optimal type for licorice flavonoid was decided, meanwhile, its kinetic curve and dynamic absorbing behavior were studied. Results HPD300 resin possessed higher adsorption and desorption capacity. The appropriate adsorption and desorption conditions were as follows:concentration of sample was 2.0 mg/mL, velocity of sample solution was 1.5 BV/h, volume of sample solution was 2 BV (bed volume);velocity of 80%ethanol was taken as eluant 1.5 BV/h, and the volume was 3 BV. Flavonoid content was increased more than 2 times under above conditions. Conclusion HPD300 macroporous resin showed better comprehensive adsorption property. It can be used to purify and separate licorice flavonoid.

Objective To explore the effects of cotransplantation with osteoblasts on hematopoietic reconstitution in mice after bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Methods The typical model of syngeneic BMT was established. 18 Balb/c mice were used to prepare the bone marrow nuclear cells and osteoblasts for BMT. The 42 Balb/c mice were randomly divided into 3 group:normal group (6 mice, without any treatment), the single BMT group ( 18 mice, given 2 × 106 bone marrow nuclear cells/each mouse) and the cotransplantation group of HSC with osteoblaats (18 mice,given 2 × 106 bone marrow nuclear cells and osteoblasts/each mouse). The following factors were measured on day 7, 14, 21 after BMT: peripheral blood cells, bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC), the percentage of CD34+ cells in BMMNC (assayed by flow cytometry), the hematopoietic tissue changes (detected by HPIAS-1000 image analysis system) and micro vascular density (MVD) of bone marrow tissue (with immunohistochemistry). Results The levels of periphral WBC, RBC, PLT, BMMNC in the contransplantation group were higher than those in the single BMT group (P＜0. 01 or P＜0. 05). In the contransplantation group, the percentage of CD34+ cells in BMMNC, the hematopoietic tissue area and the MVD of bone marrow were also higher than the single BMT group on the 7th, 14th, 21st day after BMT(P＜0.01 or P＜0.05). Conclusion Cotransplantation with osteoblasts could significantly promote hematopoietic reconstruction in mice after BMT. Cotransplantation may represent a promising means of achieving higher engraftment rate after BMT.

Objective To investigate the response of mesenchymal stem cells in mice to mediumdose X-ray irradiation in vitro.Methods The mouse mesenchymal stem cell line C3H10T1/2 was submitted to 3.5 Gy X-ray irradiation.Hoechst33258 staining of adherent cells and Annexin V-FITC staining and flow cytometry analysis of suspension cells were performed respectively to assess cellular apoptosis at 3,6,12,24,48,72 h and 1 week after irradiation.SA-β-gal staining was performed to analyze the cellular senescence at 24,48,72 h and 1 week after irradiation.The mRNA level of both Fas with its ligand FasL and p53 with its downstream target p21 WAF1 were measured by Real-Time PCR analysis.The expression of Fas protein was determined by immunofluorescence staining.Results An increased apoptosis was observed at 3 h after irradiation with apoptosis rate 11.72％ ± 1.61％ ( t =9.01,P ＜0.01 ),the apoptosis rate reached the peak level at 12 h 20.52％ ± 1.96％ (t =16.27,P ＜ 0.01 ),and then declined progressively to normal level at 48 h 4.93％ ±0.46％ (t =2.26,P ＞0.05).The SA-β-gal positive rate of post-radiation cells at 72 h was 53.33％ ± 5.62％,significantly higher than that of normal control 3.24％ ± 0.39％ (t =17.77,P ＜ 0.01 ).The level of Fas,FasL mRNA was found to be elevated 3 h after irradiation with a peak at 12 h,and no differences were found l week later.The level of Fas protein was observed to reach the peak at 12 h after irradiation.The occurrence of peak level of Fas/FasL mRNA and protein was consistent with that of apoptosis of C3H10T1/2 cell.A transient up-regulation of p53,p21 WAF1 mRNA expression was found at 12 h after irradiation followed by a significant increase later at 72 h after irradiation.The occurrence of the two peaks of p53,p21WAF1 mRNA expression were coincident with that of cellular apoptosis and senescence,respectively.The levels of p53,p21WAF1 mRNA in senescence group were significantly higher than those of apoptosis group ( t =17.85,13.36,P ＜ 0.01 ).Conclusions The MSC cell line C3H10T1/2 was sensitive to medium-dose X-ray irradiation.Cell apoptosis occurred immediately after irradiation and cellular senescence happened at advanced stage.Both Fas/FasL and p53/p21 WAF1 signal pathway mediate the injury of C3H10T1/2 cell to medium-dose X-ray irradiation exposure.

Objective To explore the effects of osteoblasts on the recovery of hematopoiesis and angiogenesis in acute irradiation injury mice.Methods The femurs of 18 male BALB/c mice were used to prepare the bone marrow osteoblasts, and the rest mice were divided into 3 groups as normal group, saline group and osteoblast group.The mice in normal group received no treatment, and the other two groups were received 6.0 Gy 60Co γ-ray irradiation.After irradiation each mouse of osteoblast group was administered with 2 × 106 osteoblasts through tail vein injection, and equal volume saline was given to each mouse of saline group by the same way.The following factors were measured at 7, 14, 21 d after irradiation, they were the counts of peripheral blood cells and bone marrow mononuclear cells ( BMMNC ) , the percentage of CD34 + cells in BMMNC, the histology changes and micro vascular density (MVD) of bone marrow tissue.Results The counts of peripheral blood cells, BMMNC and hematopoietic tissue area in osteoblast group were higher than those in saline group.The percentage of CD34 + cells in BMMNC and the MVD of bone marrow in osteoblast group were also higher than those in saline group at 7, 14, 21 d after irradiation ( t = 2.46 - 64.51, P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions Osteoblasts could significantly promote the recovery of hematopoiesis and angiogenesis in mice after acute irradiation injury.

Recent studies indicate that immune-associated aplastic anemia (AA) resembles such autoimmune diseases as insulin-dependent diabetes and chronic autoimmune thyroiditis that belong to organ-specific autoimmune diseases. Many independent investigation groups have successfully isolated the pathopoiesis-associated T cell clone causing hematopoiesis failure with a CD4 phenotype from peripheral blood and bone marrow (BM) in AA patients. In the current study, BM CD4(+) T cells were isolated from AA patients and healthy controls with immunomagnetic beads sorting, and proliferation capability, apoptosis features and the impacts of their secreted cytokines on hematopoiesis stem/progenitor cells were compared between them. By (3)H-TdR method, CD4(+) T cells in AA group presented more enhanced proliferative activity. The stimulation index in control group and AA group was 1.47+/-0.24, and 2.51+/-0.34 respectively (P<0.01). After BM CD4(+) T cells were induced by high concentration of CD3 monoclonal antibody for 18 h, evident apoptosis cells could be seen under the electron microscope in both control group and AA group. Flow cytometry revealed that apoptosis rates in the early and late stages of AA group were significantly higher than in control group (P<0.01). Early-stage apoptosis rate in control and AA groups was (6.85+/-1.48)% and (16.98+/-4.40)%, and late-stage apoptosis rate in control group and AA group was (2.65+/-1.57)% and (7.74+/-0.83)%, respectively (P<0.01). The CFU-GM count in AA group and control group was (74.50+/-9.50)/10(4) cells and (124.25+/-19.80)/10(4) cells respectively under an inverted microscope (P<0.01), and the expression levels of CyclinD3 mRNA and protein in cord blood CD34(+) cells were both down-regulated induced by BM CD4(+) T cell culture supernatant in AA patients. These results indicate that BM CD4(+) T cells of AA patients are likely in an abnormally proliferative, and activated state which can correlate intimately with AA hematopoiesis damage. BM CD4(+) T cells in AA patients can secret some soluble cytokines that can inhibit proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells by suppressing the expression of Cyclin D3, resulting in hematopoiesis failure.

Recent studies indicate that immune-associated aplastic anemia(AA)resembles such autoimmune diseases as insulin-dependent diabetes and chronic autoimmune thyroiditis that belong to organ-specific autoimmune diseases.Many independent investigation groups have successfully isolated the pathopoiesis-associated T cell clone causing hematopoiesis failure with a CD4 phenotype from peripheral blood and bone marrow(BM)in AA patients.In the current study,BM CD4+ T cells were isolated from AA patients and healthy controls with immunomagnetic beads sorting,and proliferation capability,apoptosis features and the impacts of their secreted cytokines on hematopoiesis stem/progenitor cells were compared between them.By 3H-TdR method,CD4+ T cells in AA group presented more enhanced proliferative activity.The stimulation index in control group and AA group was 1.47±0.24,and 2.51±0.34 respectively(P<0.01).After BM CD4+ T cells were induced by high concentration of CD3 monoclonal antibody for 18h,evident apoptosis cells could be seen under the electron microscope in both control group and AA group.Flow cytometry revealed that apoptosis rates in the early and late stages of AA group were significantly higher than in control group(P<0.01).Early-stage apoptosis rate in control and AA groups was(6.85±1.48)% and(16.98±4.40)%,and late-stage apoptosis rate in control group and AA group was(2.654±1.57)% and(7.74±0.83)%,respectively(P<0.01).The CFU-GM count in AA group and control group was(74.50±9.50)/104 cells and(124.25±19.80)/104 cells respectively under an inverted microscope(P<0.01),and the expression levels of CyclinD3 mRNA and protein in cord blood CD34+ cells were both down-regulated induced by BM CD4+ T cell culture supernatant in AA patients.These results indicate that BM CD4+ T cells of AA patients are likely in an abnormally proliferative,and activated state which can correlate intimately with AA hematopoiesis damage.BM CD4+ T cells in AA patients can secret some soluble cytokines that can inhibit proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells by suppressing the expression of Cyclin D3,resulting in hematopoiesis failure.

This study was designed to investigate the expression of aminopeptidase N (APN)/CD13 on intraembryonic AGM stromal cells, and the change of its enzymatic activity after irradiation injury. The expression of APN/CD13 on AGM stromal cells was assayed by RT-PCR and immunihistochemistry. After the stromal cells in AGM region were irradiated with 8.0 Gy of (60)Co gamma-rays, APN/CD13 enzymatic activity was measured by spectrophotometer at different time points. The result showed that AGM stromal cells strongly expressed APN/CD13. The enzymatic activity of APN/CD13 decreased temporarily after irradiation injury, then increased to higher level 4 h after irradiation, and it returned to the pre-irradiation level 24 to 48 h after the irradiation. The enzymatic activity of APN/CD13 was temporarily enhanced after irradiation injury, which might be one of the compensatory mechanisms that promote the hematopoietic recovery after irradiation.