OBJECTIVE To explore the potential mechanism of the effect of Xuebijing injection （XBJ） on neurological function and survival of rats after cardiac arrest （CA）/cardiopulmonary resuscitation （CPR） based on the S-nitrosoglutathione reductase （GSNOR）/S-nitrosoglutathione （GSNO） pathway. METHODS The CA/CPR rat model was established by ventricular fibrillation. Using a sham operation group as control， high-throughput sequencing was employed to analyze and mine the differentially expressed genes （DEGs）. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the contents of GSNOR and GSNO in the hippocampus； the active components of XBJ were screened and subjected to molecular docking analysis with GSNOR. The rats successfully modeled using the same method were divided into model group （n＝30）， inhibitor （GSNOR inhibitor） group （n＝30）， XBJ group （n＝30） and XBJ+inhibitor group （n＝30）， and a sham operation group （n＝30） was set up. Neurological function was evaluated and survival status was recorded at 3 hours， 24 hours and 3 days after the first 89） drug intervention. The contents of GSNOR and GSNO in the hippocampus of rats were determined in each group at the 0191） above time points， and the relationship of the contents of GSNOR and GSNO with modified neurologic severity scale （mNSS） score was analyzed. RESULTS GSNOR coding gene was differentially expressed between the model group and the sham operation group. Compared with the sham operation group， GSNOR content increased significantly in the hippocampus of rats in model group， while GSNO content decreased significantly （P＜0.05）. The active components of XBJ， such as 4- methylenemiltirone and salviolone， could be bound to GSNOR protein， with the binding energy lower than －6 kcal/mol， mainly connected by hydrogen bonds. Animal experiments revealed that mNSS score and GSNOR levels in the hippocampus of rats in the model group were significantly higher than those in the sham operation group （P＜0.05）， while GSNO levels and survival rate were significantly lower than those in the sham operation group （P＜0.05）. The above indexes of rats were improved significantly in administration groups， the mNSS score in the XBJ group was significantly lower than that in the inhibitor group， the content changes of GSNOR and GSNO in the inhibitor group were more obvious than those in the XBJ group， and the various indicators in the XBJ+inhibitor group were significantly better than the XBJ group and the inhibitor group （P＜0.05）. GSNOR content was positively correlated with the mNSS score， and GSNO content was negatively correlated with the mNSS score （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS XBJ can improve the neurological function of rats and enhance their survival rates after CA/CPR， the mechanism of which may be associated with the down-regulation of GSNOR and the up-regulation of GSNO.

BACKGROUND:The implant osseointegration rate of patients with diabetes is low,and the failure rate is high,which seriously affects the quality of life.It is urgent to improve the implant osseointegration of patients with diabetes by effective means to elevate the success rate.Exploring the effect of berberine on the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells under a high-glucose environment and its specific mechanism will provide effective theoretical support for solving the above problems. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of natural extract berberine on the osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells under the high-glucose microenvironment. METHODS:Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of SD rats were cultured by the whole bone marrow adherence method.CCK-8 assay was used to detect the effects of different concentrations of berberine on the proliferation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells under the high-glucose environment and to screen out the optimal berberine concentration.The expressions of Runx2 and Osx were detected by alkaline phosphatase activity,alicarin red staining and PCR to determine the effect of berberine on osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesymal stem cells under the high-glucose environment.To further explore the underlying mechanism,we introduced the AMPK-specific inhibitor Dorsomorphin and used a DCFH-DA reactive oxygen species fluorescent probe to examine reactive oxygen species levels.The p-AMPK expression was also determined by western blot assay. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)10 μmol/L was the optimal concentration of berberine to promote bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell proliferation.(2)Alberberine promoted alkaline phosphatase viability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and mineralized nodule formation in a high-glucose microenvironment.(3)Alberberine promoted the expression of Runx2 and OSx in a high-glucose microenvironment.(4)Alberensine effectively inhibited the reactive oxygen species level of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in a high-glucose environment.(5)The effects of berberine on promoting bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell osteogenesis and inhibition of reactive oxygen species were reversed by the AMPK inhibitor.(6)Berberine activated AMPK and promoted p-AMPK expression.(7)The above results indicate that berberine(10 μmol/L)promotes the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in a high-glucose environment by activating AMPK and reducing intracellular reactive oxygen species levels.

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) diseases are common clinical conditions. The number of patients with TMJ diseases is large, and the etiology, epidemiology, disease spectrum, and treatment of the disease remain controversial and unknown. To understand and master the current situation of the occurrence, development and prevention of TMJ diseases, as well as to identify the patterns in etiology, incidence, drug sensitivity, and prognosis is crucial for alleviating patients′suffering.This will facilitate in-depth medical research, effective disease prevention measures, and the formulation of corresponding health policies. Cohort construction and research has an irreplaceable role in precise disease prevention and significant improvement in diagnosis and treatment levels. Large-scale cohort studies are needed to explore the relationship between potential risk factors and outcomes of TMJ diseases, and to observe disease prognoses through long-term follw-ups. The consensus aims to establish a standard conceptual frame work for a cohort study on patients with TMJ disease while providing ideas for cohort data standards to this condition. TMJ disease cohort data consists of both common data standards applicable to all specific disease cohorts as well as disease-specific data standards. Common data were available for each specific disease cohort. By integrating different cohort research resources, standard problems or study variables can be unified. Long-term follow-up can be performed using consistent definitions and criteria across different projects for better core data collection. It is hoped that this consensus will be facilitate the development cohort studies of TMJ diseases.

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of rotavirus infected in children aged 3-5 years seeking treatment for diarrhea in Jining area.Methods:The epidemiological data of 698 children aged 3-5 years seeking treatment for diarrhea in Jining area hospitals from September 2022 to September 2023 were collected, and fecal samples were collected for laboratory examination. The epidemiological characteristics of the rotavirus infection were analyzed, and logistic regression analysis was applied to analyze the risk factors of rotavirus infection in children aged 3-5 years seeking treatment for diarrhea in Jining area. A predictive model of rotavirus infection in children aged 3-5 years seeking treatment for diarrhea in Jining area was established based on decision tree, and the predictive performance of the model was verified by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Results:The detection of rotavirus antigen showed 302 positive cases, with a positive rate of 43.27% (302/698). Gender distribution: There was no statistically significant difference in the positive rate of rotavirus infection in these diseased children etween different genders ( χ2=1.862, P=0.172). Age distribution: The positive rate of rotavirus infection in these diseased children showed a decreasing trend with age ( χ2=28.893, P<0.001). Time distribution: There was a statistically significant difference in the positive rate of rotavirus infection in these diseased children among different months ( χ2=241.607, P<0.001), showing obvious seasonal characteristics, the high incidence months were from October to the following March, the highest positive rate was in December, and the lowest was in July. Rotavirus genotype: The G genotype result showed that G9 was the most common, P genotype result showed that P[8] was the most common, and the G/P combination genotype result showed that G9P[8] was the most common. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that having finger sucking habits ( OR=4.193, P=0.018), lack of vaccination against rotavirus ( OR=1.947, P=0.002), whether to clean hands before feeding ( OR=4.719, P=0.007), and a history of contact with rotavirus infected children ( OR=4.976, P=0.001) were independent risk factors for rotavirus infection in children aged 3-5 years old who seek treatment for diarrhea in Jining area. The sensitivity of the decision tree model was 58.94%, the specificity was 87.12%, and the AUC was 0.814, indicating that the four selected risk factors could predict rotavirus infection well. Conclusions:Children aged 3-5 years old who seek treatment for diarrhea in Jining area have a relatively high positive rate of rotavirus infection, showing obvious age and time characteristics. The genotype distribution was mainly G9, P[8], and G9P[8]. Rotavirus infection is related to finger sucking habits, lack of vaccination against rotavirus, whether to clean hands before feeding, and a history of contact with rotavirus infected children.

Objective:To explore the association between childhood growing environment and depressive symptoms in young old persons aged 60 to 74 years.Methods:The data of the fourth wave of China Health and Re-tirement Longitudinal Study in 2018 and the life course survey in 2014 were used to secondary analysis.A total of 7 642 young old persons aged 60 to 74 years were included,and the 10-item of the Center for Epidemiological Stud-ies Depression(CES-D-10)scale was used to evaluate the depressive symptoms.The generalized linear mixed effects model was used to explore the relationship between childhood growing environment and depressive symp-toms in the young old persons.Results:The detection rate of depressive symptoms occurrence in the young old per-sons was 37.2％.The risk factors of depressive symptoms included female(OR=1.89),rural(OR=1.35),hav-ing hunger experience(OR=1.22),poor relationship with male dependents(OR=1.72),female caregiver's expe-riences of being bedridden due to illness(OR=1.38),community insecurity(OR=1.59),more harmonious neigh-borhood relationship(OR=1.20)and less harmonious neighborhood relationship(OR=1.81).The protective fac-tors of depressive symptoms occurrence included moderate(OR=0.79)and high(OR=0.50)per capita house-hold income,and educated father(OR=0.84)(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Childhood growing environment is an influ-ential factor of depressive symptoms in the young old persons.The long-term health effects of childhood environ-ment should be paid attention to.

Objective To investigate the protective effects and underlying mechanisms of sodium butyrate on rats exposed to hypoxia and cold conditions.Methods Fifty-eight male SD rats (aged 7～8 weeks,weighing 240～260 g ) were randomly divided into normoxia normothermia saline control (NNC ) group (n=10),normoxia normothermia sodium butyrate(NNB)group(n=10),hypoxia cold saline control (HCC) group (n=19),and hypoxia cold sodium butyrate (HCB)group (n=19).The intragastric dose of sodium butyrate was 200 mg/kg for the NNB and HCB groups,while the NNC and HCC groups were given normal saline of 5 mL/kg.①After continuous intragastric administration for 7 d,the rats in the HCC and HCB groups were placed in a low-pressure hypoxic chamber to simulate an altitude of 5000 m and exposed to a temperature of 8 ℃ for 7 d.Subsequently,blood samples were collected from the abdominal aorta for blood gas analysis,blood routine test,and detection for serum biochemical indicators.ELISA was used to determine serum inflammatory cytokines and endocrine hormones.The rats in the NNC and NNB groups(n=10)were fed outside the chamber and underwent the same tests in 7 d later to evaluate the protective effects of sodium butyrate on the body.②Core body temperature monitoring was conducted to assess the impact of sodium butyrate on the rmoregulation in rats exposed to hypoxia and cold(n=3).③Hypoxia exercise tolerance of the HCC group and HCB group in a hypoxic chamber (11％O2 )was evaluated for their hypoxia resistance (n=6).Results Compared to the NNC group,the rats in the HCC group exhibited significant decreases in arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2 )and arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO2 ),serum levels of IL-4,estradiol (E2)and cortisol (F),core temperature,and exercise duration (P<0.05),and had notably increased levels of red blood cell (RBC)count,hemoglobin (HGB),hematocrit (HCT),cardiac troponin (CRDAC-T),uric acid (UA),alanine aminotransferase (ALT),total cholesterol (TC),low-density lipoprotein (LDL),IL-6 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF)(P<0.05).Compared to the HCC group,the rats in the HCB group exhibited significant increases in SaO2,PaO2,IL-4,E2,F,corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH)and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)(P<0.05),remarkably longer exercise duration under hypoxic exposure (P<0.05 ),but decreases in RBC count,serum levels of HGB,HCT,CRDAC-T,UA,ALT,TC,LDL,IL-6,GM-CSF and free thyroxine (FT4 ),and core temperature (P<0.05).Conclusion Sodium butyrate exhibits protective effects on rats exposed to hypoxia and cold conditions,and it is helpful in their adaptation to these hypoxia and cold environments.

Objective To strengthen the supervision of medical equipment procurement and construct a scientific and systematic evaluation system for procuring agency supervision,providing a reference for public hospitals to implement government procurement of medical equipment.Methods The Delphi method was employed to establish the indexes and weights of the su-pervision evaluation system.Subsequently the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method was applied to comprehensively analyze the procuring agencies X and Y.Results The evaluation results of agencies X and Y were compared and analyzed in terms of work efficiency,business capability,organization of bid evaluation,and service quality.Additionally,the results were regularly fed back and improved.Conclusion The establishment of the supervision and evaluation system for procuring agencies is conducive to promoting the standardization and efficiency of government procurement activities of medical equipment in public hospitals and safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of procurement participants as well as the public interests.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with invasive fungal sinusitis (invasive fungal rhinosinusitis, IFR) after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) and explored the risk factors for IFR after allo-HSCT.Methods:Nineteen patients with IFR after allo-HSCT at Peking University People’s Hospital from January 2012 to December 2021 were selected as the study group, and 95 patients without IFR after allo-HSCT during this period were randomly selected as the control group (1:5 ratio) .Results:Nineteen patients, including 10 males and 9 females, had IFR after allo-HSCT. The median age was 36 (10–59) years. The median IFR onset time was 68 (9–880) days after allo-HSCT. There were seven patients with acute myeloid leukemia, five with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, two with myelodysplastic syndrome, two with chronic myeloid leukemia, one with acute mixed-cell leukemia, one with multiple myeloma, and one with T-lymphoblastic lymph node tumor. There were 13 confirmed cases and 6 clinically diagnosed cases. The responsible fungus was Mucor in two cases, Rhizopus in four, Aspergillus in four, and Candida in three. Five patients received combined treatment comprising amphotericin B and posaconazole, one patient received combined treatment comprising voriconazole and posaconazole, nine patients received voriconazole, and four patients received amphotericin B. In addition to antifungal treatment, 10 patients underwent surgery. After antifungal treatment and surgery, 15 patients achieved a response, including 13 patients with a complete response and 2 patients with a partial response. Multivariate analysis revealed that neutropenia before transplantation ( P=0.021) , hemorrhagic cystitis after transplantation ( P=0.012) , delayed platelet engraftment ( P=0.008) , and lower transplant mononuclear cell count ( P=0.012) were independent risk factors for IFR after allo-HSCT. The 5-year overall survival rates in the IFR and control groups after transplantation were 29.00%±0.12% and 91.00%±0.03%, respectively ( P<0.01) . Conclusion:Although IFR is rare, it is associated with poor outcomes in patients undergoing allo-HSCT. The combination of antifungal treatment and surgery might be effective.

Objectives:To determine the effect of glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency on patients’ complications and prognosis following allogeneic stem cell hematopoietic transplantation (allo-HSCT) .Methods:7 patients with G6PD deficiency (study group) who underwent allo-HSCT at Peking University People's Hospital from March 2015 to January 2021 were selected as the study group, and thirty-five patients who underwent allo-HSCT during the same period but did not have G6PD deficiency were randomly selected as the control group in a 1∶5 ratio. Gender, age, underlying diseases, and donors were balanced between the two groups. Collect clinical data from two patient groups and perform a retrospective nested case-control study.Results:The study group consisted of six male patients and one female patient, with a median age of 37 (range, 2-45) years old. The underlying hematologic diseases included acute myeloid leukemia ( n=3), acute lymphocytic leukemia ( n=2), and severe aplastic anemia ( n=2). All 7 G6PD deficiency patients achieved engraftment of neutrophils within 28 days of allo-HSCT, while the engraftment rate of neutrophils was 94.5% in the control group. The median days of platelet engraftment were 21 (6–64) d and 14 (7–70) d ( P=0.113). The incidence rates of secondary poor graft function in the study group and control group were 42.9% (3/7) and 8.6% (3/35), respectively ( P=0.036). The CMV infection rates were 71.4% (5/7) and 31.4% (11/35), respectively ( P=0.049). The incidence rates of hemorrhagic cystitis were 57.1% (4/7) and 8.6% (3/35), respectively ( P=0.005), while the bacterial infection rates were 100% (7/7) and 77.1% (27/35), respectively ( P=0.070). The infection rates of EBV were 14.3% (1/7) and 14.3% (5/35), respectively ( P=1.000), while the incidence of fungal infection was 14.3% (1/7) and 25.7% (9/35), respectively ( P=0.497). The rates of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) were 0% and 5.7%, respectively ( P=0.387) . Conclusions:The findings of this study indicate that blood disease patients with G6PD deficiency can tolerate conventional allo-HSCT pretreatment regimens, and granulocytes and platelets can be implanted successfully. However, after transplantation, patients should exercise caution to avoid viral infection, complications of hemorrhagic cystitis, and secondary poor graft function.

Objective:To investigate the expression levels of serum KLK5, IL-17 and IL-18 in patients with rosacea and their clinical significance.Methods:A prospective study included 65 patients with rosacea from the Department of Dermatology, Sichuan Provincial People＇s Hospital, from May to October 2022. There were 8 males and 57 females with an average age of (30.9±9.8) years, including 47 cases of erythematotelangiectatic type and 18 cases of papulopustular type. Twenty healthy individuals from the same hospital＇s physical examination during the same period were included as control group, consisting of 3 males and 17 females with an average age of (33.8±10.0) years. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect the expression levels of serum KLK5, IL-17, and IL-18. Investigator＇s global assessment (IGA) score was used to assess the severity of papules and pustules, and clinical erythema assessment (CEA) score was used to assess the severity of persistent erythema. The expression levels of serum KLK5, IL-17, and IL-18 were compared between the two groups, and the correlation between the severity of the disease and the expression levels of KLK5, IL-17, and IL-18 was analyzed. Additionally, the expression levels of KLK5, IL-17, and IL-18 in different subtypes of rosacea were compared.Results:The expression levels of serum KLK5, IL-17, and IL-18 in the rosacea group were (3134.01±448.82), (154.78±37.64), (236.24±38.81) pg/ml, respectively, all of which were higher than those in the healthy control group (2421.54±340.07), (95.36±24.94), (181.61±23.88) pg/ml, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). The levels of serum KLK5, IL-17, and IL-18 in patients with rosacea were positively correlated with IGA scores ( r=0.534, 0.767, 0.417) and CEA scores ( r=0.852, 0.459, 0.309) (all P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the expression levels of serum KLK5, IL-17, and IL-18 between the erythematotelangiectatic and papulopustular subtypes of rosacea (all P>0.05). Conclusions:The expression levels of serum KLK5, IL-17 and IL-18 in patients with rosacea are higher than those in the healthy control group and are positively correlated with the severity of rosacea.