Objective To explore the application effect of multimodal MRI in the diagnosis of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration.Methods A total of 78 patients with lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration treated conservatively were retrospectively selected.The patients underwent sagittal T2WI,axial T2WI sequence and sagittal synthetic MRI scanning and post-processing to generate T1,T2 and proton density(PD)mapping quantitative sequences by GE Signa Pioneer 3.0T MR machine.The T1,T2 and PD values of the anterior and posterior annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus of L1-L2 to L5-S1 lumbar intervertebral disc were measured.The Pfirrmann grade,visual analogue scale(VAS)and Oswestry disability index(ODI)scale of each intervertebral disc were evaluated.The T1,T2,PD,VAS and ODI of patients with different Pfirrmann grades were compared.Pearson linear analysis was used to analyze the relationship between T1,T2,PD and VAS,ODI.Spearman rank correlation method was used to analyze the relationship between T1,T2,PD and Pfirrmann.Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the evaluation value of T1,T2 and PD in Pfirrmann.Results With the increase of Pfirrmann grade,the T1,T2 and PD values of patients decreased,while the VAS score and ODI increased(P<0.05).The T1,T2 and PD values were negatively correlated with VAS score,ODI and Pfirrmann grade(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that T1,T2 and PD values had good evaluation values for Pfirrmann grade(P<0.05).Conclusion Multimodal MRI can effectively evaluate the Pfirrmann grade,pain and lumbar function of lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration,which can be used to help determine the diagnosis.

BACKGROUND:In clinical practice,Cibotium barometz and Epimedium have shown significant efficacy in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis,but the complex active ingredients contained in the two have an unclear mechanism of action at the molecular level for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. OBJECTIVE:Based on network pharmacology and molecular docking technology,to establish a collagen-induced arthritis model and to verify the potential targets and pathways of Cibotium barometz and Epimedium in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis,providing reliable experimental evidence for the use of clinical formulas with Cibotium barometz and Epimedium as the main components. METHODS:Utilizing traditional Chinese medicine research platforms,traditional Chinese medicine encyclopedias,and databases of traditional Chinese medicine and chemical components from the Shanghai Institute of Organic,effective ingredients were retrieved and identified.3D molecular formulas were obtained from the PubChem platform and target predictions were made using PharmMapper and SwissTargetPrediction.Disease targets for rheumatoid arthritis were obtained from gene databases such as DrugBank,GeneCards,and OMIM.The intersections of targets and Cibotium barometz and Epimedium were plotted using VENNY 2.1 after calibration with the Uniport database.A protein-protein interaction network graph was constructed using the STRING platform.Gene Ontology function analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis were performed using the Metascape platform for data visualization.A four-layered network model of traditional Chinese medicine,ingredients,targets,diseases,and pathways was constructed using Cytoscape 3.9.0.The main effective ingredients were docked with core targets using AutoDock-Vina software to explore the best binding targets.A type II collagen+adjuvant-induced arthritis rat model was established,and the effects of Cibotium barometz and Epimedium on relevant pathway targets and inflammatory cell factors were observed after 21 days of intervention. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 28 active ingredients from Cibotium barometz and Epimedium were selected,yielding 288 intersection targets for rheumatoid arthritis.The main ingredients included isobavachalcone,cibotium,and epimedium.The main targets included protein kinase 1 for serine/threonine(AKT1),tumor necrosis factor,and vascular endothelial growth factor A.Gene ontology analysis yielded 2 232 biological processes,mainly related to serine protein phosphorylation,positive regulation of serine/threonine protein kinase,and reactive oxygen metabolism.Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis yielded 202 pathways,mainly involving the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway,which may exert therapeutic effects by regulating synovial cell apoptosis and proliferation and suppressing inflammatory factors.Molecular docking results showed the strongest binding activity and stable structure of Cibotium barometz and Epimedium with AKT1 and estrogen receptor transcription factor 1,which was closely related to apoptosis and proliferation and inflammatory signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT.Cibotium barometz and Epimedium reduced the expression of interleukin-1β,interleukin-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α in the serum of collagen-induced arthritis rat models.Cibotium barometz and Epimedium reduced the expression of p-PI3K,p-AKT,and p-FOXO1 in the synovium of collagen-induced arthritis rat models.The results indicate that the combination of Cibotium barometz and Epimedium may exert therapeutic effects by inhibiting the proliferation of synovial cells and suppressing the expression of inflammatory factors via the PI3K/AKT/FOXO1 signaling pathway.This may be closely related to the occurrence of inflammation and bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis,and provides a reference for the rational use and development of new drugs in clinical practice.

Objective:To investigate the mid- and long-term training effect of deliberate practice combined with intensive training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) teaching for nurses receiving standardized training.Methods:A total of 160 nurses who received the first year of standardized training in Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from July 2020 to March 2021 were enrolled as subjects, and they were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, with 80 nurses in each group. The nurses in the control group received the mode of single deliberate practice, and those in the experimental group received deliberate practice combined with intensive training at months 0, 3, and 6. Assessment was performed for the two groups before and after training,with objective indicators and subjective evaluation as the assessment criteria. Objective score was determined by the immediate objective feedback provided by the electronic display of Resusci Anne ? QCPR, and subjective score was determined by the same group of examiners based on the evaluation of cardiopulmonary resuscitation performed by trainees,including environment evaluation, judgment of consciousness, judgment of respiration, initiation of emergency treatment system, re-evaluation after resuscitation, and overall evaluation. SPSS 18.0 was used for the independent samples t-test, the non-parametric test, and the chi-squares test. Results:After training, there were significant differences between the experimental group and the control group in the objective indicators of the percentage of correct compression (CC%) [85.500 (77.50, 93.00) vs. 81.00 (71.75, 89.00), Z=-2.49, P=0.013] and the proportion of correct ventilation (V%) [84.00 (75.00, 92.75) vs. 80.00 (64.00, 90.25), Z=-2.15, P=0.031]. Both groups had significant improvements in objective and subjective indicators after training (all P<0.05). Conclusions:Deliberate practice combined with intensive training at an interval of 3 months can effectively improve the mid- and long-term CPR skills of nurses receiving standardized training and is more suitable for high-level muscle memory training.

Objective To analyze the safety and efficacy of neuroendoscopic minimally invasive surgery and traditional extraventricular drainage in the treatment of severe hypertensive intraventricular hemorrhage.Methods The clinical data of 50 cases with neuroendoscopic ventricular hematoma evacuation(endoscopy group)and 44 cases with traditional ventricles external puncture drainage(drainage group)from July 2020 to July 2023 were retrospectively analyzed,and the hematoma clearance rates,classification of activities of daily living(ADL)scale,incidence of hydrocephalus,secondary bleeding,intracranial infection,and pulmonary infection were observed between the two groups of patients.Results After surgery,the proportion of patients with hematoma clearance rate>60％and ADL grades Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ in the endoscopy group were significantly higher than those in the drainage group[the proportion of patients with hematoma clearance rate>60％:88.0％(44/50)vs.47.7％(21/44),χ2=17.794,P<0.001;the proportion of individuals with ADL grades Ⅰ,Ⅱ,and Ⅲ:94.0％(47/50)vs.77.3％(33/44),respectively,χ2=5.459,P=0.019],the incidence of complications in endoscopy group was significantly lower in the drainage group[8.0％(4/50)vs.34.1％(15/44),χ2=9.879,P=0.002].Conclusion Compared with traditional ventricular puncture drainage surgery,neuroendoscopic minimally invasive surgery for the treatment of severe hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage with ventricular casting can achieve better treatment outcomes,a higher hematoma clearance rate,and fewer postoperative complications.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the chemical constituents from the leaves of Jatropha curcas and evaluate their inhibition on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated BV-2 microglia cells. METHODS: The n-BuOH extract of the leaves of J. curcas was isolated by macroporous adsorption resin, silica gel, ODS, column chromatography and semi-preparative HPLC. The structures of the compounds were identified by MS, NMR, ECD, and other spectroscopic methods. In addition, anti-neuroinflammatory effects of isolated compounds were evaluated by measuring the production of nitric oxide (NO) in over-activated BV-2 cells. RESULTS: Seventeen compounds, including (7R,8S)-crataegifin A-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside ( 1), (8R,8'R)-arctigenin ( 2), arctigenin-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside ( 3), (-)-syringaresinol ( 4), syringaresinol-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside ( 5), (-)-pinoresinol ( 6), pinoresinol-4'-O-β-D-glucopyranoside ( 7), buddlenol D ( 8), (2R,3R)-dihydroquercetin ( 9), (2S,3S)-epicatechin ( 10), (2R,3S)-catechin ( 11), isovitexin ( 12), naringenin-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside ( 13), chamaejasmin ( 14), neochamaejasmin B ( 15), isoneochamaejasmin A ( 16), and tomentin-5-O-β-D-glucopyranoside ( 17) were isolated and identified. Compounds 2, 4 and 8 significantly inhibited the release of NO in BV-2 microglia activated by LPS, with IC₅₀ values of 18.34, 29.33 and 26.30 μmol/L, respectively. CONCLUSION Compound 1 is a novel compound, and compounds 2, 3, 8, 14- 17 are isolated from Jatropha genus for the first time. In addition, the lignans significantly inhibited NO release and the inhibitory activity was decreased after glycosylation.

Objective:To examine the expression of OUT domain deubiquitinase with linear linkage specificity(OTULIN)in gastric cancer tissues and explore the impact of OTULIN silencing on the proliferation of gastric cancer MKN45 and AGS cells as well as its underlying mechanisms. Methods:Immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect the expression level of OTULIN in 73 gastric cancer tissues and 24 normal gastric mucosa.The association between OTULIN expression and the prognosis as well as the clinicopathological features of gastric cancer patients was analyzed.The above results were validated using public data from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)database and Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)database.CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing technology was used to construct OTULIN-knockout gastric cancer cells MKN45 and AGS.The efficiency of gene knockout was validated by Western blotting.The effects of OTULIN knockout on the proliferation of gastric cancer cells MKN45 and AGS were assessed by CCK-8 assay and soft agar colony formation assay.Immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry technique was exploited to identify potential protein substrates interacting with OTULIN and linear ubiquitin molecule INT-Ub.7KR.The changes in the activity of rate-limiting enzymes for glycolysis were measured using pyruvate kinase(PK)activity assay kit and lactate production was analyzed by lactate colorimetric/fluorometric assay kit in OTULIN-depleted cells.The effect of OTULIN on substrate linear ubiquitination was evaluated using co-immunoprecipitation and Western blotting. Results:The expression level of OTULIN in gastric cancer tissues was higher than that in normal gastric mucosa(P=0.004 1)as revealed by immunohistochemical analysis.Patients with higher OTULIN expression in the cancer tissues had a lower suvival time(P=0.007 7).Analysis of datasets from TCGA and GEO databases also confirmed that OTULIN was highly expressed in gastric tissues(P＜0.05)and high OTULIN expression was associated with poor prognosis(P=0.011).Statistical analysis also showed that higher expression of OTULIN was correlated with later TNM stages(P=0.027 3)and was an independent indicator for shorter survival time of gastric cancer patients(P=0.04).Knockout of OTULIN significantly inhibited the proliferation(P＜0.000 1),decreased the activity of PK(P＜0.01)and reduced lactate production(P＜0.01)of gastric cancer cells.OTULIN interacted with several key enzymes in the glycolysis pathway and downregulated the linear ubiquitination levels of these enzymes,including pyruvate kinase M1(PKM1),PKM2,lactate dehydrogenase A(LDHA)and LDHB. Conclusion:OTULIN is a novel biomarker for predicting the prognosis of gastric cancer patients.It activates the glycolytic pathway and promote the progression of gastric cancer possibly by downregulating the linear ubiquitination modification of rate-limiting enzymes in glycolysis.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of well-differentiated rectal neuroendocrine tumor(RNET).Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted using the clinical data from 83 patients with well-differentiated RNET from August 2017 to December 2021,including clinical manifestations,endoscopy,endoscopic treatment,postoperative complications,postoperative pathology,follow-up and prognosis.Pathological results according to the 2019 World Health Organization(WHO)Classification of digestive system tumors,83 patients were divided into G1 stage group(72 cases)and G2 stage group(11 cases);Based on the number of tumors in the patient,83 patients were divided into two groups:single RNET group(77 cases)and multiple RNET group(6 cases),the expressions of chromogranin A(CgA),synapsin(Syn)and CD56 were compared among different groups.Results Based on pathological findings in the group,G1 stage group CgA positive rate was significantly higher than that of G2 stage group,the difference was statistically significant(χ2 = 4.23,P = 0.040);Based on the number of tumors,multiple RNET group CgA positive rate was significantly higher than that of single RNET group,the difference was statistically significant(χ2 = 5.74,P = 0.017).It was no significant difference in Syn and CD56 between the two groups(P＞0.050).Conclusion Well-differentiated RNET has no specific clinical manifestations.It is mostly isolated in G1 stage and single RNET.ESD is safe and has a good prognosis,the positive rate of CgA is higher in G1 stage patients,and the positive rate of CgA is higher in patients with multiple RNET.

Objective:To investigate the clinical efficacy of autologous peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in treatment of lymphoma.Methods:The clinical data of 41 lymphoma patients undergoing autologous peripheral blood HSCT at the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University between January 2014 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 6 cases of Hodgkin lymphoma and 35 cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The mobilization regimens included chemotherapy drugs + granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) + thrombopoietin (TPO) or chemotherapy drugs + G-CSF. The pre-conditioning schemes before transplantation were listed as follows: BEAM (mustine + cytarabine + etoposide + melphalan) regimen + decitabine in 26 patients, BEAM regimen in 12 patients, BEAM regimen + chidamide in 3 patients. The progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), related complications, prognoses after transplantation were observed. The effects of clinical staging, B symptom,International Prognostic Score Index (IPI), extranodal involved sites, hemoglobin (Hb), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), β 2-microglobulin (β 2-MG), transplantation regimen and the status before transplantation on PFS and OS after transplantation were evaluated. Results:Among 41 patients, 37 patients (90.24%) achieved complete remission (CR), 2 patients (4.88%) achieved partial remission (PR) and 2 patients loss assessment data (4.88%) before autologous peripheral blood HSCT. The median karyocyte count was 12.74×10 8 /kg [(3.91-22.68)×10 8/kg] in 24 patients with the complete data of stem cell collection, the median CD34 positive cell count was 6.74×10 6/kg [(0.91-50.47)×10 6/kg]. All 41 patients had hematologic reconstruction. The median time of platelet implantation was 11 d (7-32 d) and the median time of granulocyte implantation was 9 d (8-16 d). All patients achieved CR after transplantation and no one case had transplantation-related death. By the end of follow-up, 33 cases (80.49%) had no progression of disease, 8 cases (19.51%) died. The OS rates of 12-month, 24-month and 72-month were 93.4%, 85.3% and 60.9%, respectively after transplantation. The PFS rates of 12-month, 24-month and 72 month were 93.3%, 84.0% and 84.0%, respectively. Median PFS and OS had not been reached. There were no statistically significant differences in the PFS and OS of patients with different gender, clinical staging, B symptom, IPI score, extranodal involved sites, Hb, LDH, β 2-MG and the status before transplantation(all P > 0.05) . The PFS and OS of patients receiving BEAM regimen + decitabine were better than those of patients receiving BEAM regimen alone (all P < 0.05). Conclusions:Autologous peripheral blood HSCT is effective in treatment of lymphoma. Moreover, BEAM regimen + dicitabine preconditioning regimen can achieve longer survival time compared with BEAM regimen alone.

Platelet transfusion is the main clinical treatment of thrombocytopenia. However, due to the difficulty of platelet collection, high cost of use and limited number of blood donors, the development of platelet treatment is greatly limited. Therefore, the research on thrombogenesis in vitro has attracted more attention at home and abroad. Platelet production in vitro has the advantages of donor-independence, platelet antigen free and low risk of alloimmunity. At present, the efficiency of producing functional platelets in vitro is low, and there is still a big gap to achieve the ultimate goal of producing a large number of functional platelets in vitro. This paper reviews the research progress of megakaryocyte / platelet production in vitro, focuses on the in vitro production potential of megakaryocyte / platelet, and summarizes the current platelet culture systems in vitro based on human pluripotent stem cells, embryonic stem cells and adipose stem cells. The contradictions and difficulties of platelet production in vitro were also discussed to provide theoretical support for further research.

Objective:To explore the application of the first ventilatory threshold (VT1) and the second ventilatory threshold (VT2) in the classification of physical workload for plateau workers, to provide reference for formulating the classification in plateau.Methods:In August 2018, 88 male workers from substations at different altitudes (500 m, 2000 m, 3000 m and 4000 m) of a company were selected as study subjects by cluster sampling. They were divided into plain group and plateau groups.The intensities of workload were simulated by power bicycle, and physiologic parameters, including VO 2, heart rate (HR) and energy metabolic rate per body surface area (E/BSA) , were recorded in test system when reaching VT1, VT2 and peak oxygen uptake (VO 2Peak) . The ratios of VT1, VT2 and VO 2Peak to the quiet and work potential at different altitudes were compared. Results:In a quiet state, compared with the plain group, the HR and E/BSA of the workers in the 2000 m and 3000 m groups increased, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . At VT2, compared with the plain group, the HR of the workers in the 4000 m group decreased, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . VO 2 and E/BSA of workers in each plateau group were lower than those in the plain group at VO 2Peak, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . At VT2 and VO 2Peak, the ratios of VO 2, HR, and E/BSA relative to the quiet state of the workers in each plateau group were lower than those of the plain group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . In the quiet state and VT1, compared with the plain group, the remaining percentages of VO 2 and E/BSA of workers in each plateau group decreased, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Taking VT1, VT2 and VO 2Peak as cut-off points and VO 2, HR and E/BSA as indicators, the physical workload in plateau could be divided into four levels, namely medium, heavy, extremely heavy and extreme physical workload. Conclusion:It is practicable to use ventilatory threshold to classification of physical workload. VT1 and VT2 can be applied to the classification in plateau to supplement and optimize current national standard of physical workload.