Objective To evaluate the value of high-throughput sequencing(HTS)data reanalysis that does not include ERBB2 copy number variation(CNV)analysis,in identifying ERBB2 amplification in patients with colorectal cancer.Methods The HTS data of 252 cases of colorectal cancer diagnosed by pathological biopsy who received peripheral blood cfDNA HTS detection samples were retrospectively analyzed.According to the HTS data of ERBB2 non-amplified samples judged by immunohistochemistry(IHC)and/or fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH),the number of chromosome 17(Chr17)reads in the total number of reads was calculated the range of the ratio was initially determined as the threshold for prompting ERBB2 amplification.Suspected positive samples were screened according to thresholds and verified by digital PCR,IHC and FISH.Results The proportion of the number of Chr17 reads accounts for the number of total reads in the 89 cases of ERBB2 non-amplified samples determined by IHC and/or FISH ranged from 0.188 to 0.299(0.239±0.192).Using 0.298(1.25 times the mean)as the threshold indicating ERBB2 amplification,the data of 163 samples were analyzed,of which 7 cases were suspected to be positive,and the ratio ranged from 0.302 to 0.853.Among them,5 cases were determined to be positive by IHC and/or FISH,and 6 cases were confirmed to be positive by digital PCR.The ratio of the number of Chr17 reads to the number of total reads was positively correlated with the ratio of ERBB2/EIF2C1,and the correlation was good(r2=0.909).Conclusion The high-throughput sequencing data that does not cover the ERBB2 CNV analysis has a certain hint value for ERBB2 amplification in patients with colorectal cancer.

Objective:To investigate the value of antioxidant-associated long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs)risk score model in prognosis and the association with immune microenvironment of the gastric cancer patients.Methods:Gastric cancer transcriptome data and clinical information were downloaded from TCGA database.Antioxidant-associated lncRNAs were obtained by co-ex-pression analysis of lncRNAs and antioxidant genes.Risk score was constructed using univariate cox regression analysis and lasso regression analysis.Log-Rank test was used to compare the survival differences between two groups.Receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)was used to assess the specificity and sensitivity of the prognostic risk score model.Nomogram was constructed com-bining risk score and clinical parameters.Immune cell infiltration was assessed by TIMER 2.0.Im-munotherapy sensitivity of each sample was analyzed at TIDE website.Results:A risk score in-cluding 12 IncRNAs was constructed by univariate cox regression analysis and lasso regression anal-ysis.The risk score was an independent factor influencing patient prognosis[HR=5.406(3.131～9.335),P＜0.001].Risk score was positively correlated with multiple suppressive immune cells infil-tration(M2 macrophage,tumor-associated fibroblast).Meanwhile,multiple aberrant expression of immune checkpoint genes and higher TIDE score were found in high-risk group,suggesting that high-risk groups may be more sensitive to immunotherapy.Conclusion:The antioxidant-associ-ated IncRNAs risk score is a good prognostic predictor and can act as a reference in individualized immunotherapy for gastric cancer patients.

The Piezo protein is a non-selective mechanosensitive cation channel that exhibits sensitivity to mechanical stimuli such as pressure and shear stress. It converts mechanical signals into bioelectric activity within cells, thus triggering specific biological responses. In the digestive system, Piezo protein plays a crucial role in maintaining normal physiological activities, including digestion, absorption, metabolic regulation, and immune modulation. However, dysregulation in Piezo protein expression may lead to the occurrence of several pathological conditions, including visceral hypersensitivity, impairment of intestinal mucosal barrier function, and immune inflammation.Therefore, conducting a comprehensive review of the physiological functions and pathological roles of Piezo protein in the digestive system is of paramount importance. In this review, we systematically summarize the structural and dynamic characteristics of Piezo protein, its expression patterns, and physiological functions in the digestive system. We particularly focus on elucidating the mechanisms of action of Piezo protein in digestive system tumor diseases, inflammatory diseases, fibrotic diseases, and functional disorders. Through the integration of the latest research findings, we have observed that Piezo protein plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of various digestive system diseases. There exist intricate interactions between Piezo protein and multiple phenotypes of digestive system tumors such as proliferation, apoptosis, and metastasis. In inflammatory diseases, Piezo protein promotes intestinal immune responses and pancreatic trypsinogen activation, contributing to the development of ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s disease, and pancreatitis. Additionally, Piezo1, through pathways involving co-action with the TRPV4 ion channel, facilitates neutrophil recruitment and suppresses HIF-1α ubiquitination, thereby mediating organ fibrosis in organs like the liver and pancreas. Moreover, Piezo protein regulation by gut microbiota or factors like age and gender can result in increased or decreased visceral sensitivity, and alterations in intestinal mucosal barrier structure and permeability, which are closely associated with functional disorders like irritable bowel sydrome (IBS) and functional consitipaction (FC). A thorough exploration of Piezo protein as a potential therapeutic target in digestive system diseases can provide a scientific basis and theoretical support for future clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of butyrolphthalein on nerve injury in rats with acute cerebral infarction(ACI)by regulating Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)/nuclear transcription factor-κB(NF-κB)pathway.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into model group and experimental-L,-M,-H groups;ACI models were established in vivo except sham operation group.The experimental-L,-M,-H groups were given 20,40,80 mg·kg-1 butylphthalide,qd,for 7 days;the sham operation group and the model group were given the same amount of 0.9％NaCl,for 7 days.Neural function score,bilateral sticker removal time,balance beam crossing score,cerebral water content and cerebral infarction volume of rats in each group were measured.The expression of axonal growth inhibitory factor A(Nogo-A)and serum inflammatory factor in hippocampus were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The expression of TLR4/NF-κB pathway related proteins was detected by Western blot.Results The neural function scores of sham operation group,model group,and experimental-L,-M,-H groups were 0,3.55±0.52,2.55±0.52,1.82±0.60,0.91±0.30,respectively;the Nogo-A in hippocampus were(0.93±0.23),(6.32±0.53),(5.10±0.55),(3.54±0.57),(1.58±0.30)ng·L-1,respectively;serum Nogo-A were(0.49±0.12),(5.09±0.82),(3.83±0.54),(2.23±0.64),(1.13±0.25)ng·L-1,respectively;TLR4 protein expression were 0.44±0.05,1.23±0.14,0.93±0.07,0.75±0.06,0.55±0.07,respectively;the expressions of p-p65 NF-κB protein were 0.32±0.05,0.82±0.06,0.68±0.08,0.57±0.07,0.44±0.05,respectively.There were statistically significant differences between sham operation group and model group(all P＜0.05).There were significant differences in the above indexes between the model group and the experimental-L,-M,-H groups(P＜0.05).Conclusion Butylphthalein can play a neuroprotective role in ACI rats by regulating TLR4/NF-κB pathway to improve nerve function and reduce inflammatory damage.

Objective To obtain the occurrence and clinical characteristics of central nervous system adverse drug reactions(CNS-ADR)associated with three kinds of carbapenems,and to provide reference for clinical drug safety.Methods Based on adverse drug event active surveillance and assessment system-Ⅱ(ADE-ASAS-Ⅱ),retrospective automated monitoring of inpatients using imipenem,meropenem,and biapenem in a tertiary hospital from January 2022 to December 2022 was conducted.The incidence of carbapenem related CNS-ADR was calculated,and the basic conditions,disease conditions,drug use,occurrence time of ADR and symptoms of patients with CNS-ADR were analyzed by descriptive statistics.Results A total of 2 482 patients with 2 709 times of medication were included in this study,and a total of 93 positive cases of CNS-ADR occurred,with an overall incidence of 3.43％for all three medications,3.98％for imipenem,3.51％for meropenem,and 2.78％for biapenem.The indications for the 93 positive cases of CNS-ADR were mainly pulmonary infections(59.13％)and abdominal infections(25.80％);they occurred mostly within 7 days of the administration of the medication;with a variety of clinical manifestations,with anxiety/irritability being the most common,and epilepsy appearing most frequently in severe cases.Co-administration of proton pump inhibitors and cephalosporins accounted for a greater proportion of positive cases,50.54％of positive cases had a history of surgery,and 69.89％of positive cases were associated with electrolyte disturbances.Conclusion Clinical use of carbapenems should be based on the actual situation of the patient to develop an individualised drug regimen,and special attention should be paid to patients with comorbidities of renal disease,electrolyte disorders,and a history of previous surgery and neurological disorders,in order to reduce the risk of the occurrence of CNS-ADR.

ObjectiveThe scale of microalgae farming industry is huge. During farming, it is easy for microalgae to be affected by miscellaneous bacteria and other contaminants. Because of that, periodic test is necessary to ensure the growth of microalgae. Present microscopy imaging and spectral analysis methods have higher requirements for experiment personnel, equipment and sites, for which it is unable to achieve real-time portable detection. For the purpose of real-time portable microalgae detection, a real-time microalgae detection system of low detection requirement and fast detection speed is needed. MethodsThis study has developed a microalgae detection system based on deep learning. A microscopy imaging device based on bright field was constructed. With imaged captured from the device, a neural network based on YOLOv3 was trained and deployed on microcomputer, thus realizing real-time portable microalgae detection. This study has also improved the feature extraction network by introducing cross-region residual connection and attention mechanism and replacing optimizer with Adam optimizer using multistage and multimethod strategy. ResultsWith cross-region residual connection, the mAP value reached 0.92. Compared with manual result, the detection error was 2.47%. ConclusionThe system could achieve real-time portable microalgae detection and provide relatively accurate detection result, so it can be applied to periodic test in microalgae farming.

Atrial functional mitral regurgitation (AFMR) is mitral regurgitation in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), whose left atrium (LA) is enlarged, the left ventricle is not enlarged or only slightly enlarged, the left ventricular ejection fraction is preserved, and the mitral valve itself has no apparent lesion. At present, the etiology, pathophysiology and mechanism of this disease have not been completely clear yet. Existing studies have found that the causes of AFMR mainly include AF, enlargement of LA and mitral annulus, destruction of mitral annular shape, inability of mitral valve remodeling to compensate for mitral annular expansion, and hamstringing of the posterior mitral leaflet by atriogenic tethering. AFMR is demonstrated to be associated with an increased risk of mortality and readmission due to heart failure. Therefore, it serves as a primary therapeutic target for patients with heart failure and AF. However, the optimal treatment of AFMR still remains controversial. Therefore, this article will mainly expound the current definition, etiology, pathophysiological mechanism, treatment, and prognosis of AFMR.

Anti-tumor traditional Chinese medicine has a long history of clinic application, in which the star molecules have always been the hotspot of modern drug research, but they are limited by the solubility, stability, targeting, bioactivity or toxicity of the monomer components of traditional Chinese medicine anti-tumor star molecules and other pharmacokinetic problems, which hinders the traditional Chinese medicine anti-tumor star molecules for further clinical translation and application. Currently, the nanosystems prepared by supramolecular technologies such as molecular self-assembly and nanomaterial encapsulation have broader application prospects in improving the anti-tumor effect of active components of traditional Chinese medicine, which has attracted extensive attention from scholars at home and abroad. In this paper, we systematically review the research progress in preparation of supramolecular nano-systems from anti-tumor star molecule of traditional Chinese medicine, and summarize the two major categories and ten small classes of carrier-free and carrier-based supramolecular nanosystems and their research cases, and the future development direction is put forward. The purpose of this paper is to provide reference for the research and clinical transformation of using supramolecular technology to improve the clinical application of anti-tumor star molecule of traditional Chinese medicine.

Objective To develop a biological safety protection third-level(BSL-3)laboratory based on folding-modular shelters to solve the problems of the existing laboratories in space and function expansion,large-scale deployment and low-cost transportation.Methods The BSL-3 laboratory was composed of a folding combined shelter module,a ventilation and purification module,a power supply and distribution module,a monitoring and communication module,a control system module and an equipment module.The folding combined shelter module used a leveling base frame as the foundation and a lightweight panel as the enclosure mechanism,and was divided into an auxiliary area and a protection protected area;the ventilation and purification module was made up of an air supply unit and an air exhaust unit,the air supply unit was integrated with a fresh-air air conditioner and the exhaust unit was equipped with a main fan,a standby fan and a bag in/bag out filter;the control system module adopted a supervision mode of decentralized control and centralized management,which executed communication with the data server as the center and Profinet protocol and MODBUS-TCP.Results The BSL-3 laboratory proved to meet the requirements of relevant standards in internal microenvironment,airflow direction,airtightness,working condition and disinfection effect.Conclusion The BSL-3 laboratory is compatible with large-scale transport and deployment and facilitates reliable and safe experiments for epidemic prevention and control and cross-regional support.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(3):41-46]

Objective To develop a portable collection device of human exhaled breath condensate(EBC)based on natural breathing to meet the needs for rapid screening of human respiratory tract(especially lower respiratory tract)infections.Methods The device consisted of a refrigeration unit,a heat dissipation unit and a condensation unit.The refrigeration unit adopted a TES1-7102 thermoelectric Peltier cooler semiconductor as the refrigeration element;the heat dissipation unit was composed of a high thermal conductivity aluminum heat sink and a high-speed brushless cooling fan;the condensation unit was made up of a cold guide plate and a condenser,in which the cold guide plate was made of thin sheet of aluminum alloy,and the condenser was prepared by 3D printing technology and made of hydrophobic polylactic acid,with primary and secondary 2-stage guide grooves and an ultra-thin condensing surface.The performance of the device was verified in terms of cooling,thermal conductivity,condensation and human EBC collection and content analysis.Results Performance analysis showed that after refrigeration began the temperature difference between the condenser surface and the exhaled gas met the requirements of the condenser,and no obvious thermal resistance was found on the condensing surface so that large droplets could be formed rapidly and then be collected after the gas-liquid phase change of the exhaled gas on the condensing surface.Human EBC collection and content analysis indicated the device realized home self-collection of EBCs from people of all ages,and the concentrations of interleukins,C-reactive protein and other inflammation-related indexes and the pH value of the collected EBC samples were all correlated with respiratory infections in the subjects.Conclusion The device developed with easy operation avoids the discomfort of blowing collection and the risk of saliva contamination,and is worthy promoting for rapid diagnosis and dynamic monitoring of respiratory tract infection and other related diseases.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(8):32-37]