Aim To investigate the effect of quercetin on the aging model of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells established under microgravity. Methods Using 3D gyroscope, a aging model of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was constructed, and after receiving quercetin and microgravity treatment, the anti-aging effect of the quercetin was evaluated by detecting related proteins and oxidation indexes. Results Compared to the control group, the expressions of age-related proteins p21, pi6, p53 and RB in the microgravity group significantly increased, while the expressions of cyclin D1 and lamin B1 significantly decreased, with statistical significance (P<0.05). In the microgravity group, mitochondrial membrane potential significantly decreased (P<0.05), ROS accumulation significantly increased (P <0.05), SOD content significantly decreased and MDA content significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared to the microgravity group, the expressions of age-related proteins p21, pi6, p53 and RB in the quercetin group significantly decreased, while the expressions of cyclin D1 and lamin B1 significantly increased, with statistical significance (P<0.05). In the quercetin group, mitochondrial membrane potential significantly increased (P<0.05), ROS accumulation significantly decreased (P<0.05), SOD content significantly increased and MDA content significantly decreased (P<0.05). Conclusions Quercetin can resist oxidation, protect mitochondrial function and normal cell cycle, thus delaying the aging of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells induced by microgravity.

Objective:To analyze the perioperative data of patients with lumbar spinal stenosis who were surgically treated by unilateral biportal endoscopy-unilateral laminectomy for bilateral decompression (UBE-ULBD) technique, and to explore the occurrence, clinical features, and influencing factors for perioperative complications.Methods:A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of 77 patients with lumbar spinal stenosis who underwent UBE-ULBD surgery in the Department of Orthopedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University from June 2021 to June 2023 was performed, of which 28 were males and 49 were females, with a mean age of (67.61±15.29) years. The baseline data, surgery-related information, and complications and subjective scores during the perioperative and follow-up periods of the patients were collected. Continuous variables were tested for normality using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Normally distributed continuous variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation ( ± s), and the Student- t test and analysis of variance for repeated measures information were used for comparison between groups; non-normally distributed continuous variables were expressed as median (interquartile distance) [ M( Q1, Q3)], and and non-parametric tests were used for comparison between groups. Categorical variables were expressed as number of cases and percentage, and the Chi-square test was used for comparison between groups. Variables were analyzed using univariate analysis, and indicators with statistically significant differences in the results of univariate analysis were further included in multivariate Logistic regression analysis to further clarify the independent risk factors for the occurrence of complications. Results:According to the occurrence of postoperative complications, the patients were divided into the non-complication group ( n=73) and the complication group ( n=4). The complication group included 2 cases of dural tear, 1 case of postoperative residual symptoms, and 1 case of postoperative epidural hematoma. Compared with the preoperative results, the Oswestry disability index (ODI) score and visual analogue score (VAS) for low back pain and leg pain on the first day after surgery were improved, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.01). Compared with the first day after surgery, except for the ODI scores, the VAS scores for low back pain and leg pain were improved at the third month after surgery, and the differences were statistically significant ( P< 0.01). The differences in intraoperative blood loss and operative time between the two groups were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The variables with statistically significant differences in univariate analysis were included in the multivariate Logistic regression analysis, and the results indicated that prolonged operative time was an independent risk factor for perioperative complications in patients ( OR=1.031, 95% CI: 1.000-1.054, P=0.030). Conclusions:As an effective minimally invasive spinal endoscopic technique for the treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis, the UBE-ULBD technique has the advantages of lower complication rates and faster postoperative recovery. Improvement of surgical proficiency by the operator and appropriate shortening of operative time can help to reduce the incidence of complications such as dural tear.

Objective To summarize the reasons and management strategies of reoperation after oblique lateral interbody fusion(OLIF),and put forward preventive measures.Methods From October 2015 to December 2019,23 patients who under-went reoperation after OLIF in four spine surgery centers were retrospectively analyzed.There were 9 males and 14 females with an average age of(61.89±8.80)years old ranging from 44 to 81 years old.The index diagnosis was degenerative lumbar intervertebral dics diseases in 3 cases,discogenie low back pain in 1 case,degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis in 6 cases,lumbar spinal stenosis in 9 cases and degenerative lumbar spinal kyphoscoliosis in 4 cases.Sixteen patients were primarily treated with Stand-alone OLIF procedures and 7 cases were primarily treated with OLIF combined with posterior pedicle screw fixation.There were 17 cases of single fusion segment,2 of 2 fusion segments,4 of 3 fusion segments.All the cases underwent reoperation within 3 months after the initial surgery.The strategies of reoperation included supplementary posterior pedicle screw instrumentation in 16 cases;posterior laminectomy,cage adjustment and neurolysis in 2 cases,arthroplasty and neuroly-sis under endoscope in 1 case,posterior laminectomy and neurolysis in 1 case,pedicle screw adjustment in 1 case,exploration and decompression under percutaneous endoscopic in 1 case,interbody fusion cage and pedicle screw revision in 1 case.Visu-al analogue scale(VAS)and Oswestry disability index(ODI)index were used to evaluate and compare the recovery of low back pain and lumbar function before reoperation and at the last follow-up.During the follow-up process,the phenomenon of fusion cage settlement or re-displacement,as well as the condition of intervertebral fusion,were observed.The changes in in-tervertebral space height before the first operation,after the first operation,before the second operation,3 to 5 days after the second operation,6 months after the second operation,and at the latest follow-up were measured and compared.Results There was no skin necrosis and infection.All patients were followed up from 12 to 48 months with an average of(28.1±7.3)months.Nerve root injury symptoms were relieved within 3 to 6 months.No cage transverse shifting and no dislodgement,loosening or breakage of the instrumentation was observed in any patient during the follow-up period.Though the intervertebral disc height was obviously increased at the first postoperative,there was a rapid loss in the early stage,and still partially lost after reopera-tion.The VAS for back pain recovered from(6.20±1.69)points preoperatively to(1.60±0.71)points postoperatively(P＜0.05).The ODI recovered from(40.60±7.01)％preoperatively to(9.14±2.66)％postoperatively(P＜0.05).Conclusion There is a risk of reoperation due to failure after OLIF surgery.The reasons for reoperation include preoperative bone loss or osteoporosis the initial surgery was performed by Stand-alone,intraoperative endplate injury,significant subsidence of the fusion cage after surgery,postoperative fusion cage displacement,nerve damage,etc.As long as it is discovered in a timely manner and handled properly,further surgery after OLIF surgery can achieve better clinical results,but prevention still needs to be strengthened.

Objective    To investigate the clinical efficacy of minimally invasive Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy (MIILE) with reverse-puncture anastomosis. Methods    Clinical data of the patients with lower esophageal carcinoma who underwent MIILE with reverse-puncture anastomosis in our department from May 2015 to December 2020 were collected. Modified MIILE consisted of several key steps: (1) pylorus fully dissociated; (2) making gastric tube under laparoscope; (3) dissection of esophagus and thoracic lymph nodes under artificial pneumothorax with single-lumen endotracheal tube intubation in semi-prone position; (4) left lung ventilation with bronchial blocker; (5) intrathoracic anastomosis with reverse-puncture anastomosis technique. Results     Finally 248 patients were collected, including 206 males and 42 females, with a mean age of 63.3±7.4 years. All 248 patients underwent MIILE with reverse-puncture anastomosis successfully. The mean operation time was 176±35 min and estimated blood loss was 110±70 mL. The mean number of lymph nodes harvested from each patient was 24±8. The rate of lymph node metastasis was 43.1% (107/248). The pulmonary complication rate was 13.7% (34/248), including 6 patients of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Among the 6 patients, 2 patients needed endotracheal intubation-assisted respiration. Postoperative hemorrhage was observed in 5 patients and 2 of them needed hemostasis under thoracoscopy. Thoracoscopic thoracic duct ligation was performed in 1 patient due to the type Ⅲ chylothorax. TypeⅡ anastomotic leakage was found in 3 patients and 1 of them died of acute respiratory distress syndrome. One patient of delayed broncho-gastric fistula was cured after secondary operation. Ten patients with type Ⅰ recurrent laryngeal nerve injury were cured after conservative treatment. All patients were followe up for at least 16 months. The median follow-up time was 44 months. The 3-year survival rate was 71.8%, and the 5-year survival rate was 57.8%. Conclusion    The optimized MIILE with reverse-puncture anastomosis for the treatment of lower esophageal cancer is safe and feasible, and the long-term survival is satisfactory.

Tumor is one of the major diseases that endanger people’s health. At present, the treatments used for tumor include surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and so on. Nonetheless, the traditional treatments have some disadvantages, such as insufficient treatment effect, liable to cause multidrug resistance, toxicity and side effect. Further research and exploration of tumor treatment schemes are still necessary. As the energy converter of cells, mitochondria are currently considered to be one of the most important targets for the design of new drugs for tumor, cardiovascular and neurological diseases. Nano-drug delivery carriers have the characteristics of being easily modified with active targeting groups, and it can achieve accurate targeted drug delivery to cells and organelles. This paper reviews the application of mitochondrial targeted nanoparticles in tumor diagnosis and treatment from the aspects of inhibiting tumor cell proliferation, promoting tumor cell apoptosis, inhibiting tumor recurrence and metastasis, and inducing cell autophagy.

Objective To observe the effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation(NMES)on interleukin-6(IL-6)/STAT3 signaling pathway in mice after spinal cord injury,and to explore the mechanism of its effect on motor function recovery.Methods Seventy-two SPF grade mice were randomly divided into sham operation group,spinal cord injury(SCI)group and NMES group.BMS score,inclined plane test and neuromuscular electrophysiology(EMG)were used to evaluate the recovery of spinal cord injury in mice.Western blotting and Real-time PCR were used to detect the expression of inflammatory factors,IL-6/STAT3,glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)in spinal cord tissues of three groups of mice.HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of spinal cord injury.Results BMS scores and the inclined plane test of mice in the NMES group were higher than those in SCI group(P＜0.05).The maximum amplitude of motor evoked potential in NMES group was higher than that in SCI group(P＜0.05).The expressions of TNF-α,IL-12A and GFAP in the spinal cord of NMES group were lower than that of SCI group(P＜0.05),while the expressions of TGF-β,IL-10 and BDNF were higher than that of SCI group(P＜0.05).The protein expressions of IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway of NMES group were lower than that of SCI group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Neuromuscular electrical stimulation plays an anti-inflammatory role by inhibiting the IL-6/STAT3 signaling pathway,thereby promoting the recovery of hind limb motor function in mice after spinal cord injury.

In this study,a method for detecting heavy metal ions using potentiometric sensor and voltammetric sensor was proposed.By exploiting the complementary advantages of potentiometric and voltammetric electrochemical sensor,the traditional electrochemical electrode without special material preparation and modification could be used for the wide range and accurate detection of heavy metal ions in actual water samples.During detection,the concentration of target ion was measured by a potentiometric electrochemical sensor to determine the concentration range.The amperometric electrochemical sensor was then used for calibration and accurate measurement in the appropriate concentration range.Taking copper ion(Cu2+)as an example,the prepared Cu2+water sample and the actual water sample were tested.First,the copper ion selective electrode was used to determine the concentration range of Cu2+in the sample.Then,based on the gold electrode in different concentration range(0.86-100 μg/L and 100-300 μg/L)using two different optimization parameter settings to calibrate the electrochemical sensor and measure,the test results had a good correlation with those by professional water quality testing institutions.The recoveries ranged from 86.7%to 103.0%.The experimental results showed that the combination of potential sensor and current sensor could improve the accuracy of detection of heavy metal ions in water samples by electrochemical sensor.

Objective To describe the current state of research and future research hotspots through a metrological analysis of the literature in the field of forensic anthropological remains identification re-search.Methods The data retrieved and extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC),the core database of the Web of Science information service platform (hereinafter referred to as "WoS"),was used to analyze the trends and topic changes in research on forensic identification of human re-mains from 1991 to 2022.Network visualisation of publication trends,countries (regions),institutions,authors and topics related to the identification of remains in forensic anthropology was analysed using python 3.9.2 and Gephi 0.10.Results A total of 873 papers written in English in the field of forensic anthropological remains identification research were obtained.The journal with the largest number of publications was Forensic Science International (164 articles).The country (region) with the largest number of published papers was China (90 articles).Katholieke Univ Leuven (Netherlands,21 articles) was the institution with the largest number of publications.Topic analysis revealed that the focus of forensic anthropological remains identification research was sex estimation and age estimation,and the most commonly studied remains were teeth.Conclusion The volume of publications in the field of forensic anthropological remains identification research has a distinct phasing.However,the scope of both international and domestic collaborations remains limited.Traditionally,human remains identifica-tion has primarily relied on key areas such as the pelvis,skull,and teeth.Looking ahead,future re-search will likely focus on the more accurate and efficient identification of multiple skeletal remains through the use of machine learning and deep learning techniques.

Objective:To retrospectively analyze the treatment status of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) in newly diagnosed patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in China.Methods:Data of chronic phase (CP) and accelerated phase (AP) CML patients diagnosed from January 2006 to December 2022 from 77 centers, ≥18 years old, and receiving initial imatinib, nilotinib, dasatinib or flumatinib-therapy within 6 months after diagnosis in China with complete data were retrospectively interrogated. The choice of initial TKI, current TKI medications, treatment switch and reasons, treatment responses and outcomes as well as the variables associated with them were analyzed.Results:6 893 patients in CP ( n=6 453, 93.6%) or AP ( n=440, 6.4%) receiving initial imatinib ( n=4 906, 71.2%), nilotinib ( n=1 157, 16.8%), dasatinib ( n=298, 4.3%) or flumatinib ( n=532, 7.2%) -therapy. With the median follow-up of 43 ( IQR 22-75) months, 1 581 (22.9%) patients switched TKI due to resistance ( n=1 055, 15.3%), intolerance ( n=248, 3.6%), pursuit of better efficacy ( n=168, 2.4%), economic or other reasons ( n=110, 1.6%). The frequency of switching TKI in AP patients was significantly-higher than that in CP patients (44.1% vs 21.5%, P<0.001), and more AP patients switched TKI due to resistance than CP patients (75.3% vs 66.1%, P=0.011). Multi-variable analyses showed that male, lower HGB concentration and ELTS intermediate/high-risk cohort were associated with lower cytogenetic and molecular responses rate and poor outcomes in CP patients; higher WBC count and initial the second-generation TKI treatment, the higher response rates; Ph + ACA at diagnosis, poor PFS. However, Sokal intermediate/high-risk cohort was only significantly-associated with lower CCyR and MMR rates and the poor PFS. Lower HGB concentration and larger spleen size were significantly-associated with the lower cytogenetic and molecular response rates in AP patients; initial the second-generation TKI treatment, the higher treatment response rates; lower PLT count, higher blasts and Ph + ACA, poorer TFS; Ph + ACA, poorer OS. Conclusion:At present, the vast majority of newly-diagnosed CML-CP or AP patients could benefit from TKI treatment in the long term with the good treatment responses and survival outcomes.

Tranexamic acid is widely used in joint orthopedic surgery.At the same time,it has high safety and few adverse drug reactions.It can effectively improve intraoperative bleeding and promote early functional recovery of patients.This article reviews the mode of administration,safe dose,administration time and adverse drug reactions of tranexamic acid in the perioperative period of joint replacement and arthroscopic surgery,in order to provide reference for the clinical application of tranexamic acid.