OBJECTIVE To explore the significance of pharmaceutical care through the diagnosis and treatment of a patient with exogenous insulin autoimmune syndrome （EIAS）， combined with the analysis of literature reports. METHODS Clinical pharmacist participated in the diagnosis and treatment process of one case of EIAS. Based on the characteristics of the patient’s condition， the pharmacist provided medication suggestions and formulated pharmaceutical monitoring measures. At the same time， the pharmacist searched for relevant literature on insulin autoimmune syndrome （IAS） and EIAS， extracted data （gender， age， occurrence time， laboratory tests， clinical symptoms， intervention and outcome）， and conducted analysis. RESULTS Based on the patient’s medication information in the past 3 years， clinical pharmacist determined that the EIAS was likely caused by insulin aspartate 30. The clinician adopted the clinical pharmacist’s suggestion to discontinue insulin and switch to oral hypoglycemic drugs. The patient improved after treatment. The literature analysis showed that among the 257 patients with IAS reported， 212 cases were caused by drugs； among them， 23 cases were caused by lipoic acid， and 56 cases were caused by exogenous insulin. There were no significant differences in age， glycosylated hemoglobin， and body mass index between the two groups. The lowest blood glucose level in the lipoic acid group was significantly lower than that in the exogenous insulin group （P＜0.05）. The proportion of females and the proportion of fasting insulin ≥ 1 000 μU/mL were significantly higher in the lipoic acid group than in the exogenous insulin group （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS Compared with EIAS， lipoic acid-induced IAS usually causes more severe hypoglycemia， and the fasting insulin level is usually higher than 1 000 μU/mL， which is more common in female patients. The participation of clinical pharmacists in the diagnosis and treatment of EIAS can help improve the diagnosis and treatment level of similar rare diseases and ensure the safety of patients’ medication.

Objective To investigate the dietary patterns of rural residents in the high-incidence areas of esophageal cancer (EC), and to explore the clustering and influencing factors of risk factors associated with high-incidence characteristics. Methods A special structured questionnaire was applied to conduct a face-to-face survey on the dietary patterns of rural residents in Yanting county of Sichuan Province from July to August 2021. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to analyze the influencing factors of risk factor clustering for EC. Results There were 838 valid questionnaires in this study. A total of 90.8% of rural residents used clean water such as tap water. In the past one year, the people who ate fruits and vegetables, soybean products, onions and garlic in high frequency accounted for 69.5%, 32.8% and 74.5%, respectively; the people who ate kimchi, pickled vegetables, sauerkraut, barbecue, hot food and mildew food in low frequency accounted for 59.2%, 79.6%, 68.2%, 90.3%, 80.9% and 90.3%, respectively. The clustering of risk factors for EC was found in 73.3% of residents, and the aggregation of two risk factors was the most common mode (28.2%), among which tumor history and preserved food was the main clustering pattern (4.6%). The logistic regression model revealed that the gender, age, marital status and occupation were independent influencing factors for the risk factors clustering of EC (P<0.05). Conclusion A majority of rural residents in high-incidence areas of EC in Yanting county have good eating habits, but the clustering of some risk factors is still at a high level. Gender, age, marital status, and occupation are influencing factors of the risk factors clustering of EC.

Innovation and entrepreneurship training through higher education sector is an important way to foster innovative talents and enhance their social adaptation abilities. We reformed and optimized the experimental teaching of human anatomy and animal physiology with the aim to promote the integration of students' theory learning with practice, to promote students' ability to apply anatomical and physiological knowledge to medicine, pharmacy, and life practice. Last but not least, students' innovative consciousness of applying scientific research to serve the society could also be enhanced. These practices would enhance the practical ability of the students through integrating the innovation education and professional education.
Animals ; Curriculum ; Humans ; Students

Objective:To study the effect of PAD (presentation-assimilation-discussion) class applied in the standardized residency training of dermatovenereology on improving residents' practical operation ability.Methods:A total of 120 residents taking the standardized residency training of dermatovenereology in the Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College from November 2018 to December 2020 were selected as the research objects and divided into two groups according to the time order of admission, among which, 60 residents enrolled from November 2018 to November 2019 were selected as the control group, and 60 residents enrolled from December 2019 to December 2020 were selected as the experimental group. The control group adopted the traditional standardized residency training mode, and the experimental group adopted the teaching mode of PAD class. SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used for data analysis. The results of theoretical knowledge assessment and skill operation assessment were compared between the two groups by t test, the evaluation of teaching effect was compared between the two groups by chi-square test, and the satisfaction of teaching was compared between the two groups by rank sum test. Results:The theoretical knowledge [(45.38±4.14) points], skill operation [(42.35±4.32) points] and total score [(88.74± 7.69) points] of the experimental group were higher than those of the control group [(39.62 ± 4.15) points, (36.25±4.27) points, (77.96±7.52) points, respectively], with statistical significance ( P<0.05). The evaluation of teaching effect in the experimental group showed that 49 residents (81.67%) believed that their learning interest had been stimulated; 51(85.00%) improved their self-learning ability; 47(78.33%)improved their ability of analyzing and solving problems; 50(83.33%) improved their doctor-patient communication ability; 49(81.67%) improved their clinical thinking ability; 52(86.67%) improved their teamwork ability; and 50(83.33%) improved their literature retrieval ability. The results of satisfaction showed that the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group in sense of responsibility, teaching methods, teaching contents and self-evaluation. Conclusion:The application of PAD class in the standardized residency training of dermatovenereology plays a positive role in mobilizing the learning enthusiasm of residents and cultivating their independent learning ability, and can significantly improve the practical operation and theoretical awareness of residents.

Objective To establish the model of rabbit vena arterialization, so as to investigate the difference of mechanical parameters between arteries and veins as well as before and after arterialization. Methods Twenty-four rabbits were randomly divided into experimental group (n=12) and control group (n=12). By establishing the rabbit vena arterialization model for experimental group, the arterial blood could flow into the veins. After model creation, the vein would be removed 4 weeks after surgery. In the meantime, the external jugular veins and cephalic arteries extracted from control group were acquired. Compressive pressurizing and stretching tests on all vessels were conducted at the same time(including arteries, veins and arterialized veins). Observation was supported by HE staining and immune tissue chemical techniques. Results There were no deaths among the 24 rabbits, with unobstructed blood flow in veins. With the increase of intravascular pressure, the outer diameter of veins changed at first and then stabilized at a fixed value. The elasticity of veins was worse than that of arteries. The external diameter of veins increased rapidly with internal pressure of veins increasing and reached its extreme elasticity. Comparatively, the elasticity of arteries increased slowly. HE staining results showed that thickness of the vascular wall was thinner, while it became thicker after vena arterialization. After vena arterialization, proliferating cell nuclear antigen（PCNA） and α-actin showed positive results. It further proved that proliferation existed among smooth muscle cells, and veins showed the tendency of restenosis again. The elasticity of veins after transplantation into the arterial system was improved compared with that before transplantation. Conclusions Accompanied by the increasing pressure, the vein could reach its elasticity extremity faster than the artery. Under such a long-term high pressure, vein intima was vulnerable. After vena arterialization, with the gradual thickening of vein intima, the tendency of vessel restenosis was obvious, and the elasticity of veins has been improved after transplantation.

Objective To characterize the imaging features of fibroblastic and (or) myofibroblastic benign tumors. Methods The imaging manifestations were analyzed in fourteen patients with fibroblastic and (or) myofibroblastic benign tumors of the breast area confirmed by histopathology from July, 2010 to July, 2017. Independent-samples t test was performed to compare ADC values between lesions and normal breast tissue. Results Thirteen cases were adhered to superficial facia of breasts and 1 case was located in the pectoralis. Five lesions were presented as a mass on MRI, 9 lesions were presented as a non-mass. Twelve cases showed low signal intensity on T1WI, 8 cases showed high signal intensity and 4 cases showed moderately or slightly high signal intensity on T2WI. TIC analysis showed that 10 cases had typeⅠenhancement and 4 cases had typeⅢenhancement. There was no difference between mean ADC values of lesions and normal breast tissue (P>0.05). All the cases showed hypoechoic and spiculated margins on ultrasound. Twelve cases were hypovascular ones. Twelve cases underwent mammography. Five cases were presented as a mass and 7 cases were presented as asymmetric. These cases showed equal density without suspicious calcifications. Conclusion The location, MRI, ultrasound and mammography manifestations of fibroblastic and (or) myofibroblastic benign tumors have some characteristics and these imaging findings may help to establish an accurate preoperative diagnosis.

Objective To develop and validate a radiomics predictive model based on mammogram for preoperative predicting triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) or non-triple-negative breast cancer (NTNBC). Methods We retrospectively analyzed 459 Chinese women who were diagnosed with invasive breast cancer (confirmed by pathology) during August 2015 to November 2015. Our cohort included 34 TNBC and random selected 102 NTNBC cases. Regions of interest (ROIs) were manually selected from craniocaudal and mediolateral oblique mammograms by radiologists through manual lesion segmentation, and 43 radiomics features were evaluated. Craniocaudal (CC) single-view, mediolateral oblique (MLO) single-view and CC and MLO double-view classification model were constructed respectively. Classification performance was evaluated by the area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity and specificity. Kruskal-Walls U test and t test were used to compare the radiomics features between TNBC and UTNBC. Results The model that used the combination of both the CC and MLO view images achieved the overall best performance than using either of the two views alone, yielding an AUC of 0.791, accuracy of 0.798, sensitivity of 0.776 and specificity of 0.806 for TNBC comparing with NTNBC. Three features were selected by the model (gray scale span and inverse different moment for CC, roundness for MLO) showed a statistical significance (P<0.05) and AUC>0.6 in the subtype classification. Conclusion This research constructed model based on mammograms classification model can effectively distinguish between TNBC and NTNBC. This model has potential value for breast cancer molecular subtype classification and clinical treatment.

A 28-year-old female patient presented with indurated erythema and nodules on the right lower limb for 2 years,with mild itching and pain.Skin examination showed a well-circumscribed irregular dark red patch measuring about 10 cm × 5 cm in size on the extensor aspect of the right thigh.On the patch,there were scattered or densely distributed mung bean-to soybean-sized quasi-circular violaceous nodules with a smooth surface,which were hard on palpation.Subcutaneous nodules with medium hardness were found on palpation,and hyperpigmentation was observed on the surface of some nodules.Local skin temperature was increased,with tenderness on palpation.Histopathologically,mononuclear cells showed nodular or sheet-like distribution in the middle and upper dermis,some of which had pale-staining cytoplasm.Moreover,plenty of plasma cells were observed.Immunohistochemistry revealed that histiocytes were stained strongly positive for S100.The number of IgG4-positive plasma cells increased obviously,and was more than 50 per high-power field (× 200).The proportion of IgG4-positive plasma cells in IgG-positive plasma cells was 45％.Finally,the patient was diagnosed with cutaneous Rosai-Dorfman disease with increased IgG4-positive plasma cells.

Objective:To compare the clinical utility of mammography with automated breast ultrasound system (ABUS) for detecting breast lesions. Methods:Data of 142 patients with 149 breast lesions who underwent both mammography and ABUS in Tianjin Medi-cal University Cancer Institute and Hospital were collected from Jnly 2016 to September 2016. The detection rates of the two methods were then determined. Results:The overall detection rate using ABUS was significantly higher than that of mammography (mammog-raphy: 87.2% vs. ABUS: 98.0%, P<0.05). However, no significant difference was observed in breast cancer detection rates between mammography and ABUS (mammography:91.1%vs. ABUS:97.0%, P<0.05). Moreover, the benign lesion detection rate was significant-ly higher in ABUS than in mammography (mammography:79.2%, vs. ABUS:100%, P<0.05). In dense breasts, the detection rates of overall lesions, breast cancers, and benign lesions for ABUS were 97.7%, 96.5%, and 100.0%, respectively;whereas those for mammog-raphy were 86.0%, 90.6%, and 77.3%, respectively (P<0.05). Owing to overlapping dense breast tissue and deep anatomic location, sev-eral lesions were missed on mammography. Conversely, most lesions missed on ABUS presented as calcifications. Conclusion:Com-pared with mammography, ABUS can detect more lesions especially in dense breasts. However, ABUS failed to detect calcifications, whereas mammography had distinct advantages in this regard. Overall, the two methods had potential supplementary value for breast cancer screening.

Objective To discuss the effect of MST1 (mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1,MST1) on the prolifera-tion,migration and invasion of SiHa cervical cancer .Methods Western blot was used to detect the expression of MST1 in cervical epithelial cells H8 and cervical cancer cells SiHa;PJ3H-HA-MST1 was constructed and transfect-ed it to SiHa cells by Lipofectamine TM3000;MST1, Ki-67 and MMP9 protein expression were evaluated by Western blot;While the proliferation ,migration and invasion of SiHa cell were assessed by MTS ,scratch adhesion test and Transwell assay respectively .Results Compared SiHa cells with H 8 cells,MST1 expression in SiHa cells was sig-nificantly lower than that in H8 cells.The plasmid was successfully transfected into SiHa cells , MST1 expression was significantly higher , while the expression of Ki-67 and MMP9 was lower .The proliferation , migration and inva-sion ability were all significantly suppressed .Conclusions Overexpression of MST1 can inhibit the proliferation , migration and invasion of cervical cancer cell line SiHa .