Primary ovarian carcinoid tumors are rare well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors classified as monodermal teratomas. They usually occur in perimenopausal woman and are accompanied with mature cystic teratoma or mucinous tumors. The diagnosis may be supported by the clinical presentation of carcinoid syndromes such as flushing, diarrhea, or chronic constipation. Here, we report on the case of a 51-year-old female with surgically confirmed primary ovarian carcinoid, describe the MRI features of the tumor, and correlate them with the pathological findings.

Primary ovarian carcinoid tumors are rare well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors classified as monodermal teratomas. They usually occur in perimenopausal woman and are accompanied with mature cystic teratoma or mucinous tumors. The diagnosis may be supported by the clinical presentation of carcinoid syndromes such as flushing, diarrhea, or chronic constipation. Here, we report on the case of a 51-year-old female with surgically confirmed primary ovarian carcinoid, describe the MRI features of the tumor, and correlate them with the pathological findings.

Primary ovarian carcinoid tumors are rare well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors classified as monodermal teratomas. They usually occur in perimenopausal woman and are accompanied with mature cystic teratoma or mucinous tumors. The diagnosis may be supported by the clinical presentation of carcinoid syndromes such as flushing, diarrhea, or chronic constipation. Here, we report on the case of a 51-year-old female with surgically confirmed primary ovarian carcinoid, describe the MRI features of the tumor, and correlate them with the pathological findings.

Background: Dynapenia is one of several important factors determining the prognosis of patients with diabetes mellitus. The present study aimed to identify factors associated with dynapenia in older Korean adults with diabetes. Methods: Based on information from the 2014–2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, data from 1,769 patients with diabetes ≥65 years of age were analyzed. Dynapenia was defined grip strength <28 kg in males and <18 kg in females. Subjects were divided into a dynapenia group and a normal group according to sex, and logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze factors associated with dynapenia. Results: The prevalence of dynapenia in the entire cohort was 29.8% (n=499), with 21.6% (n=183) of 860 males and 37.2% (n=316) of 909 females. The odds ratio of dynapenia increased with advancing age in both males and females. After multivariable analysis, the factors significantly associated with dynapenia were lack of regular strength exercise (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 3.188; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.751–5.806) and body mass index (aOR, 0.908 per 1 kg/m 2 ; 95% CI, 0.845–0.975) among male, and lack of regular aerobic exercise (aOR, 1.511; 95% CI, 1.033–2.209) among females. Conclusion Advancing age in Korean adult males and females with diabetes exhibited a statistically significant association with dynapenia. In addition, significant associations with dynapenia were observed in males with lower body mass index and males who did not engage in regular strength exercise. A lack of regular aerobic exercise was statistically associated with dynapenia among females.

Purpose: To assess the reliability and accuracy of an automated Cobb angle measurement (ACAM) using a convolutional neural network (CNN) for scoliosis evaluation and to compare measurement times. Materials and Methods: ACAM was applied to spine radiographs in 411 patients suspected of scoliosis. Observer 1 (consensus of two musculoskeletal radiologists) and observer 2 (a radiology resident) measured Cobb angle (CA). CA measurements were categorized using observer 1’s measurements as the reference standard. Inter-observer reliability and correlation were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, respectively. Accuracy and measurement time of ACAM and observers were evaluated. Results: ACAM demonstrated excellent reliability and very high correlation with observer 1 (ICC = 0.976, Spearman’s rank correlation = 0.948), with a mean CA difference of 1.1. Overall accuracy was high (88.2%), particularly in mild (92.2%) and moderate (96%) scoliosis. Accuracy was lower in spinal asymmetry (77.1%) and higher in severe scoliosis (95%), although the CA was lower compared to the observers. ACAM significantly reduced measurement time by nearly half compared to the observers (p < 0.001). Conclusion ACAM using CNN enhances CA measurement for assessing mild or moderate scoliosis, despite limitations in spinal asymmetry or severe scoliosis. Nonetheless, it substantially decreases measurement time.

Background: Dynapenia is one of several important factors determining the prognosis of patients with diabetes mellitus. The present study aimed to identify factors associated with dynapenia in older Korean adults with diabetes. Methods: Based on information from the 2014–2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, data from 1,769 patients with diabetes ≥65 years of age were analyzed. Dynapenia was defined grip strength <28 kg in males and <18 kg in females. Subjects were divided into a dynapenia group and a normal group according to sex, and logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze factors associated with dynapenia. Results: The prevalence of dynapenia in the entire cohort was 29.8% (n=499), with 21.6% (n=183) of 860 males and 37.2% (n=316) of 909 females. The odds ratio of dynapenia increased with advancing age in both males and females. After multivariable analysis, the factors significantly associated with dynapenia were lack of regular strength exercise (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 3.188; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.751–5.806) and body mass index (aOR, 0.908 per 1 kg/m 2 ; 95% CI, 0.845–0.975) among male, and lack of regular aerobic exercise (aOR, 1.511; 95% CI, 1.033–2.209) among females. Conclusion Advancing age in Korean adult males and females with diabetes exhibited a statistically significant association with dynapenia. In addition, significant associations with dynapenia were observed in males with lower body mass index and males who did not engage in regular strength exercise. A lack of regular aerobic exercise was statistically associated with dynapenia among females.

Background: Dynapenia is one of several important factors determining the prognosis of patients with diabetes mellitus. The present study aimed to identify factors associated with dynapenia in older Korean adults with diabetes. Methods: Based on information from the 2014–2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, data from 1,769 patients with diabetes ≥65 years of age were analyzed. Dynapenia was defined grip strength <28 kg in males and <18 kg in females. Subjects were divided into a dynapenia group and a normal group according to sex, and logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze factors associated with dynapenia. Results: The prevalence of dynapenia in the entire cohort was 29.8% (n=499), with 21.6% (n=183) of 860 males and 37.2% (n=316) of 909 females. The odds ratio of dynapenia increased with advancing age in both males and females. After multivariable analysis, the factors significantly associated with dynapenia were lack of regular strength exercise (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 3.188; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.751–5.806) and body mass index (aOR, 0.908 per 1 kg/m 2 ; 95% CI, 0.845–0.975) among male, and lack of regular aerobic exercise (aOR, 1.511; 95% CI, 1.033–2.209) among females. Conclusion Advancing age in Korean adult males and females with diabetes exhibited a statistically significant association with dynapenia. In addition, significant associations with dynapenia were observed in males with lower body mass index and males who did not engage in regular strength exercise. A lack of regular aerobic exercise was statistically associated with dynapenia among females.

Purpose: To assess the reliability and accuracy of an automated Cobb angle measurement (ACAM) using a convolutional neural network (CNN) for scoliosis evaluation and to compare measurement times. Materials and Methods: ACAM was applied to spine radiographs in 411 patients suspected of scoliosis. Observer 1 (consensus of two musculoskeletal radiologists) and observer 2 (a radiology resident) measured Cobb angle (CA). CA measurements were categorized using observer 1’s measurements as the reference standard. Inter-observer reliability and correlation were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, respectively. Accuracy and measurement time of ACAM and observers were evaluated. Results: ACAM demonstrated excellent reliability and very high correlation with observer 1 (ICC = 0.976, Spearman’s rank correlation = 0.948), with a mean CA difference of 1.1. Overall accuracy was high (88.2%), particularly in mild (92.2%) and moderate (96%) scoliosis. Accuracy was lower in spinal asymmetry (77.1%) and higher in severe scoliosis (95%), although the CA was lower compared to the observers. ACAM significantly reduced measurement time by nearly half compared to the observers (p < 0.001). Conclusion ACAM using CNN enhances CA measurement for assessing mild or moderate scoliosis, despite limitations in spinal asymmetry or severe scoliosis. Nonetheless, it substantially decreases measurement time.

Purpose: To assess the reliability and accuracy of an automated Cobb angle measurement (ACAM) using a convolutional neural network (CNN) for scoliosis evaluation and to compare measurement times. Materials and Methods: ACAM was applied to spine radiographs in 411 patients suspected of scoliosis. Observer 1 (consensus of two musculoskeletal radiologists) and observer 2 (a radiology resident) measured Cobb angle (CA). CA measurements were categorized using observer 1’s measurements as the reference standard. Inter-observer reliability and correlation were assessed using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient, respectively. Accuracy and measurement time of ACAM and observers were evaluated. Results: ACAM demonstrated excellent reliability and very high correlation with observer 1 (ICC = 0.976, Spearman’s rank correlation = 0.948), with a mean CA difference of 1.1. Overall accuracy was high (88.2%), particularly in mild (92.2%) and moderate (96%) scoliosis. Accuracy was lower in spinal asymmetry (77.1%) and higher in severe scoliosis (95%), although the CA was lower compared to the observers. ACAM significantly reduced measurement time by nearly half compared to the observers (p < 0.001). Conclusion ACAM using CNN enhances CA measurement for assessing mild or moderate scoliosis, despite limitations in spinal asymmetry or severe scoliosis. Nonetheless, it substantially decreases measurement time.

Background: Dynapenia is one of several important factors determining the prognosis of patients with diabetes mellitus. The present study aimed to identify factors associated with dynapenia in older Korean adults with diabetes. Methods: Based on information from the 2014–2019 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, data from 1,769 patients with diabetes ≥65 years of age were analyzed. Dynapenia was defined grip strength <28 kg in males and <18 kg in females. Subjects were divided into a dynapenia group and a normal group according to sex, and logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze factors associated with dynapenia. Results: The prevalence of dynapenia in the entire cohort was 29.8% (n=499), with 21.6% (n=183) of 860 males and 37.2% (n=316) of 909 females. The odds ratio of dynapenia increased with advancing age in both males and females. After multivariable analysis, the factors significantly associated with dynapenia were lack of regular strength exercise (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 3.188; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.751–5.806) and body mass index (aOR, 0.908 per 1 kg/m 2 ; 95% CI, 0.845–0.975) among male, and lack of regular aerobic exercise (aOR, 1.511; 95% CI, 1.033–2.209) among females. Conclusion Advancing age in Korean adult males and females with diabetes exhibited a statistically significant association with dynapenia. In addition, significant associations with dynapenia were observed in males with lower body mass index and males who did not engage in regular strength exercise. A lack of regular aerobic exercise was statistically associated with dynapenia among females.