Purpose: This study aimed to organize a training program for nursing students using the peer teaching method between seniors and juniors and to investigate its effects on self-confidence, skill performance ability, and self-directed learning ability. Methods: A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. The study population comprised 76 nursing students (experimental group, n=37; control group, n=39) from two universities. The experimental group received four training sessions of 2 hours each, during which peer teaching was applied between seniors and juniors. Data were collected between September 4 and September 15, 2023 and analyzed using SPSS for Windows version 28.0. Results: Compared with the control group, the experimental group exhibited significant increases in self-confidence (t=4.36, p<.001), skill performance ability (t=4.74, p<.001), and selfdirected learning ability (t=2.25, p=.027). Conclusion Peer teaching between seniors and juniors was found to be an effective tool in nursing education to cultivate nursing students' skill performance confidence, skill performance ability, and self-directed learning ability. The findings of this study can guide nursing professors in designing and implementing educational programs that incorporate peer teaching between seniors and juniors. Future studies should continue to apply peer teaching to nursing education programs and evaluate its effectiveness.

Purpose: This study aimed to organize a training program for nursing students using the peer teaching method between seniors and juniors and to investigate its effects on self-confidence, skill performance ability, and self-directed learning ability. Methods: A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. The study population comprised 76 nursing students (experimental group, n=37; control group, n=39) from two universities. The experimental group received four training sessions of 2 hours each, during which peer teaching was applied between seniors and juniors. Data were collected between September 4 and September 15, 2023 and analyzed using SPSS for Windows version 28.0. Results: Compared with the control group, the experimental group exhibited significant increases in self-confidence (t=4.36, p<.001), skill performance ability (t=4.74, p<.001), and selfdirected learning ability (t=2.25, p=.027). Conclusion Peer teaching between seniors and juniors was found to be an effective tool in nursing education to cultivate nursing students' skill performance confidence, skill performance ability, and self-directed learning ability. The findings of this study can guide nursing professors in designing and implementing educational programs that incorporate peer teaching between seniors and juniors. Future studies should continue to apply peer teaching to nursing education programs and evaluate its effectiveness.

Purpose: This study aimed to organize a training program for nursing students using the peer teaching method between seniors and juniors and to investigate its effects on self-confidence, skill performance ability, and self-directed learning ability. Methods: A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. The study population comprised 76 nursing students (experimental group, n=37; control group, n=39) from two universities. The experimental group received four training sessions of 2 hours each, during which peer teaching was applied between seniors and juniors. Data were collected between September 4 and September 15, 2023 and analyzed using SPSS for Windows version 28.0. Results: Compared with the control group, the experimental group exhibited significant increases in self-confidence (t=4.36, p<.001), skill performance ability (t=4.74, p<.001), and selfdirected learning ability (t=2.25, p=.027). Conclusion Peer teaching between seniors and juniors was found to be an effective tool in nursing education to cultivate nursing students' skill performance confidence, skill performance ability, and self-directed learning ability. The findings of this study can guide nursing professors in designing and implementing educational programs that incorporate peer teaching between seniors and juniors. Future studies should continue to apply peer teaching to nursing education programs and evaluate its effectiveness.

Purpose: This study describes the development and implementation of a mechanical ventilation education program with a blended learning method for nursing students. Methods: Sixty-five nursing students were recruited either to the experimental group (n=33) or to the control group (n=32) in May 2020. This program was developed based on the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation model. The analysis phase consisted of a literature review, expert consultations, and target group survey. In addition, learning objectives and a structure were designed, and an online program was developed. In the implementation phase, the program was conducted over the course of 2 weeks. The evaluation phase involved verification of the effects of the program on knowledge of mechanical ventilation, self-confidence, and ventilator nursing skills performance, as well as an assessment of satisfaction with the program. Results: The experimental group had significantly higher scores on knowledge of mechanical ventilation (t=4.29, p<.001), self-confidence (t=2.31, p=.024), and ventilator nursing skills performance (t=4.65, p<.001) than the control group. Conclusion The results indicate that this mechanical ventilation education program with blended learning was effective in meeting the needs of nursing students and can be widely used in this context.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop teaching material of electrocardiography (ECG) education for nursing students. Teaching material was designed to increase ECG knowledge and self-confidence of nursing students. Methods: A convenience sample of 72 nursing students in a university of South Korea were recruited to an experimental group (n=36) or a control group (n=36). A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was employed to test effects of teach material on ECG knowledge and self-confidence of nursing students.Teaching material was developed based on analysis learners, state objectives, select media & materials, utilize media & materials, require learner participation, and evaluate & revise (ASSURE) model. ECG knowledge and self-confidence were self-reported using scales developed by authors. Pre-test and post-test data were collected before and after a three-week intervention period. Results: The ECG knowledge of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group (t=6.86,p<.001). And the self-confidence of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group (t=3.07, p=.003). Conclusion Teaching material developed in this study was effective in improving ECG knowledge and self-confidence of nursing students. Thus, this teaching material could be used as supplementary textbook in diverse nursing practice education such as simulation or nursing skill training.

PURPOSE: This study was designed to develop a valid and reliable scale for the evaluation of preconception health behavior in women preparing for pregnancy. METHODS: The initial strategy included a literature review, interviews, and construction of a conceptual framework. The preliminary items were evaluated twice for content validity by experts, and modified two preliminary investigations. Participants in the 2 main investigations and the confirmation investigation were tested for reliability and validity of the preliminary scale in women preparing for pregnancy. The data were analyzed for different items exploratory and confirmatory factors. RESULTS: The 5-point Likert scale consisted of 6 factors and 27 items. The 6-factors included ‘hazardous substance factor,’ ‘medical management factor,’ ‘rest and sleep factor,’ ‘stress management factor,’ ‘information acquisition factor,’ and ‘resource preparation factor.’ Goodness of fit of the final research model was very appropriate and based on the following measures: Q=1.98, comparative fit index=.91, Tucker-lewis index=.89, standardized root mean square residual=.07, and root mean square error of approximation=.07. The criterion validity was .64. The reliability coefficient was .92 and the test-retest reliability was .61. CONCLUSION: The study findings indicate that the scale can be used for the development of nursing interventions to promote preconception health behavior in women preparing for pregnancy.
Behavior Rating Scale ; Female ; Health Behavior ; Humans ; Nursing ; Preconception Care ; Pregnancy ; Reproducibility of Results

PURPOSE: The purpose of this report is to organize the history of Korean Mothersafe, a professional teratology information center. Throughout its domestic and international activities, Mothersafe has firm role to write journals and books, to provide counseling, to run educational courses on maternal and fetal toxicology, and so on. This paper delineates the achievements in last ten years and discusses the vision of Mothersafe. METHODS: In order to formulate the accomplishments of Korean Mothersafe, the volume of counseling calls are carefully reviewed by their contents, counselees, and the consultation results, etc. Textbooks and journals based on the data from Mothersafe are evaluated. Other roles of the Mothersafe, such as hosting symposium and running public programs are also noted. RESULTS: Korean Mothersafe provided 76,555 counseling to 45,933 expectant women and 30,622 breast-feeding women. The database has total 52,130 enrollments from 2010 to 2019. A total of 33 papers are published regarding medication, alcohol, smoking, radiation, etc. A specialized book on maternal-fetal toxicology was published and teratology part of obstetrics textbook was updated. Education programs and symposiums were held and primary care programs for expectant parents are run by Mothersafe. CONCLUSION Korean Mothersafe has contributed to safe environments for numerous pregnant and breast-feeding women regarding medication, drinking, smoking, and other hazardous substances. The huge database provided evidence for researches, textbooks and seminars, etc. Korean Mothersafe is now facing a new challenge to go forward through social dynamics with many issues regarding prevention and continuance of pregnancy, abortion, and so on.

PURPOSE: This study was describes the development and implementation a sex education program with a blended learning method for university students. METHODS: Sixty-eight university students were recruited either to the experimental group (n=35) or the control group (n=33). This program was developed based on the analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation model. The analysis phase consisted of a literature review, focus group interview, expert consultations, and target group survey. In addition, learning objectives and structure were designed, and a printed text-book, presentation slides, cross-word puzzle, and debate topics were developed. In the implementation phase, the program was conducted 3 times over the course of 3 weeks. The evaluation phase involved verification of the effects of the program on sex-related knowledge, sexual autonomy, and justification of violence, as well as an assessment of satisfaction with the program. RESULTS: The experimental group had significantly higher scores on sex-related knowledge (t=5.47, p < .001), sexual autonomy (t=2.40, p=.019), and justification of violence (t=2.52, p=.015) than the control group. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that this sex education program with blended learning was effective in meeting the needs of university students and can be widely used in this context.
Focus Groups ; Humans ; Learning* ; Methods ; Referral and Consultation ; Sex Education* ; Violence

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore the meaning of pregnant women's experiences with drinking alcohol during first trimester of pregnancy METHODS: The data were collected through in-depth interviews of 7 pregnant women who drank alcohol in the first trimester. Giorgi's phenomenological method was used for data analysis. RESULTS: Findings included 6 main themes and 14 themes. The main themes concerning pregnancy and drinking were: ‘Open attitude in drinking, History of drinking in family or spouse, Seeking information in how drinking affects pregnancy, Regret not doing planned pregnancy and not quitting drinking before pregnancy, Willing to stop drinking until the child birth, Awareness about importance of preconception care. CONCLUSION: The results of this study provide a deeper understanding of pregnant women's experiences of drinking alcohol during the first trimester of pregnancy. These results can be used in the development of strategies to prevent drinking alcohol during first trimester and to support preconception care and prenatal care.
Binge Drinking ; Child ; Drinking* ; Family Planning Services ; Female ; Humans ; Methods ; Parturition ; Preconception Care ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, First* ; Pregnancy* ; Pregnant Women* ; Prenatal Care ; Spouses ; Statistics as Topic

PURPOSE: This study aimed to develop supplementary material about the electronic fetal monitoring for nursing students, and to test the effects on electronic fetal monitoring related knowledge and confidence on nursing performance in delivery room. METHODS: Totally 58 nursing students were recruited either experimental group (n=30) or a control group (n=28). A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was employed to test the effects on fetal monitoring related knowledge and confidence on nursing performance in delivery room. The supplementary material about the electronic fetal monitoring was developed based on Analysis, Design, Development, Implement and Evaluation (ADDIE) model. Fetal monitoring related knowledge and confidence on nursing performance in delivery room were self-reported by the scales that author developed. Data were collected at pre-test and after the 6-week intervention. RESULTS: There was significant difference in confidence on nursing performance in delivery room between two groups after intervention. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest the importance of the supplementary material about the electronic fetal monitoring for nursing students to improve confidence on nursing performance in delivery room.
Delivery Rooms ; Fetal Monitoring* ; Humans ; Nursing* ; Students, Nursing* ; Weights and Measures