BACKGROUND:Percutaneous vertebroplasty has become the main treatment method for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures due to its advantages of convenient operation and low trauma.However,the optimal bone cement-vertebral volume ratio has not been determined. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of bone cement-vertebral volume ratio on percutaneous vertebroplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. METHODS:The clinical data of 100 patients with single-stage osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures admitted to Xinjiang Bazhou People's Hospital from July 2019 to July 2022 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients received percutaneous vertebroplasty.According to the bone cement-vertebral volume ratio,they were divided into the low volume group(15%≤ratio≤20%)and the high volume group(20%0.05).The vertebral anterior margin height in the low volume group was lower than that in the high volume group at 3 days and 1 year after surgery(P<0.05).The Cobb angle of the injured vertebrae in the low volume group was higher than that in the high volume group at 3 days and 1 year after surgery(P<0.05).(2)There were 10 H-type and 40 O-type bone cement distributions in the low volume group.There were 36 H-type and 14 O-type bone cement distributions in the high volume group,and there was no significant difference in bone cement distributions between the two groups(P<0.05).The bone cement leakage rate in the high volume group and low volume group was 10%and 6%,respectively.(3)It is indicated that both low and high bone cement-vertebral volume ratios can improve postoperative pain and functional dysfunction,but high bone cement-vertebral volume ratio can improve the morphological recovery of injured vertebral,which may be related to the fact that the distribution of bone cement in this group is more H-type.

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare, multisystemic, low-grade neoplasm character-ized by diffuse cystic lesions in the lung.In recent years, emerging imaging examination such as ⁶⁸Ga-NEB PET-CT scan provides efficient and precise non-invasive diagnostic methods to detect lymphatic circulation abnormalities in LAM patients. The long-term efficacy and safety of sirolimus for LAM has accumulated further evidence, and genetic profiling studies have unveiled more information of genetic mechanisms. Prognosis of LAM has been much improved. We briefly reviewed the research advances of LAM in China and other countires.

Optical coherency tomography (OCT) is one of the powerful optical imaging tools that allows cross-sectional tomography of the microstructure in living subjects with high resolution. With the rapid development of OCT and a wide range of preclinical and clinical tumor imaging, it provides profound insights into the complex physiological, cellular and molecular behaviors of tumors. Preclinical OCT has elucidated many inscrutable aspects of tumor biology, while clinical applications of OCT are revolutionizing diagnosis and therapies. As a new noninvasive optical imaging technique, OCT can realize the intraoperative imaging of tumor and provide meaningful image data, which will provide great help for the diagnosis, classification and boundary determination of tumor diseases in the future.

Objective: To analyze the molecular characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes strains from ready-to eat food in China. Methods: A total of 239 Listeria monocytogenes strains isolated from ready-to-eat food in 2017, all strains underwent whole-genome sequencing (WGS) , and comparisons uncovered population structure derived from lineages, clonal complex, serogroups, antimicrobial susceptibility and virulence, which were inferred in silico from the WGS data. Core genome multilocus sequence typing was used to subtype isolates. Results: All strains were categorized into three different lineages, lineage Ⅱ was the predominant types in food, and IIa was the main serogroups. CC8, CC101 and CC87 were the first three prevalent CCs among 23 detected CCs, accounting for 49.4%. Only 4.6% (11 isolates) of tested strains harbored antibiotic resistance genes, which were mostly trimethoprim genes (7 isolates, 2.9%). All strains were positive for LIPI-1, and only a part of strains harbored LIPI-3 and LIPI-4, accounting for 13.8% (33 isolates) and 14.2% (34 isolates), respectively. ST619 carried both LIPI-3 and LIPI-4. 51.5% (123 isolates) of strains carried SSI-1, and all CC121 strains harbored SSI-2. Different lineages, serogroups and CCs can be separated obviously through cgMLST analysis, and 24 sublineages were highly concordant with CCs. Conclusion Ⅱa was the main serogroups in ready-to-eat food isolates in China; CC8, CC101 and CC87 were the prevalent CCs, and CC87 isolates was hypervirulent isolates, cgMLST method can be adopted for prospective foodborne disease surveillance and outbreaks detection.

Objective To establish the GIOP model and extract BMSCs from the rat model.We aim to in-vesitigatethe effect ofrhPTH(1-34)for inhibiting β-catenin ubiquitination when combining with Micro-CT and bio-logical technology.We also investigate the influence of rhPTH(1-34)on the GIOP.Methods Female SPF emale rats wererandomly divided into normal control group,methylprednisolone group(model group),methylpredniso-lone+saline group(blankcontrol group)and methylprednisolone+rhPTH(1-34)group(test group). The proximal femoral cancellous bone was examined by Micro-CTand histopathological Staining. The expression of Wnt10b and β-catenin protein were detected. By comparing with inducedBMP-2,BMSCs were treated withrhPTH(1-34)and stained with ALP and alizarin red.Results(1)In Micro-CT,BV/TV,Tb.Th and Tb/N decreased,whereas Tb/sp increased in the test group comparedwith model group(P<0.05).ROI three-dimensional reconstruction of trabecu-lar bone in test group showed local bone repair;(2)Wnt10b and β-cateninexpression increased in the test group compared with the model model(P<0.05),indicating that rhPTH(1-34)can enhance the transcriptional activity of β-catenin(P<0.05)and promote the expression of Wnt10b andβ-catenin(P<0.05).Conclusion The inter-vention with rhPTH(1-34)can prevent GIOP by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and inhibiting GIOP progress,which can improve the microstructure of bone.

Objective To investigate effects of diabetes mellitus (DM) on pharmacokinetics (PK) of cephradine (CED).Methods DM model was induced by iv.alloxan 60 mg·kg-1.A reversed phase HPLC internal standard method was developed for measurement of CED plasma concentration.After blood collection,rats were sacrificed to collect kidneys for calculating kidney index(KW/BW).DM and normal control (CTL) rats were randomly assigned to receive iv.or ig.CED at a dose of 180 or 90 mg·kg-1.The 3p97 program was used to calculate PK parameters.Results The developed HPLC method was validated to have high specificity,precision,recovery and good storage stability,and met requirements for PK study of CED.The CED in rats of both DM and CTL groups showed the iv.two-compartment PK and ig.one-compartment PK and followed the first-order kinetics.Following iv.dosing,a remarkably decreased t1/2β and MRT,increased CLt were evident in DM group as compared with CTL group (P ＜ 0.05).After ig dosing,a significant decrease in t1/2k and t a remarkable increase in CLt and Cm=were observed for DM group as compared with CTL group (P ＜ 0.05).The DM rats showed a trend of decreased t1/2ka vs CTL rats.There was no significant difference in the oral bioavailability between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).KW and KW/BW in DM group were increased remarkably compared with CTL group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The DM vs CTL results in faster absorption and elimination of CED in rats,but does not have significantly affect in oral bioavailability.The compensatory hypertrophy and hyperfunction of early-stage diabetic kidneys may constitute one of causes of quick elimination of CED in rats with DM.

Aim To study the influence of Sodium fer-ulate ( SF) on bone metabolism in glucocorticoid–in-duced osteoporosis rats. Methods Thirty cases of fe-male Wistar Rats(3-month-old) were divided into con-trol group, model group and SF group ( low-dose group, middle-dose group, high-dose group ) by ran-domized block design. Double fluorochrome labeling with calcein was performed before necropsy. The left tibia was taken for bone histomorphometry. Results In static parameters, the proximal tibia cancellous bone trabecular thickness, trabecular quantity and area ratio were significantly reduced in model group compared with control group;while compared with model group, those were increased in middle and high-dose SF group. Trabecular separation degree was increased in model group compared with control group, while it was decreased in middle and high-dose SF group compared with model group. In dynamic parameters, the calcula-tion parameters of cancellous bone mark perimeter rate and the bone formation rate were increased in model group compared with control group, in middle and high-dose SF group the bone formation rate was in-creased compared with model group. In bone cells, os-teoclast number per mm, osteoblast number per mm, percent osteoblast surface perimeter and percent osteo-clast surface perimeter were increased in model group compared with control group. In growth-plate, the thickness of growth-plate was increased in model group compared with control group. In bone cells and growth-plate there was no statistical significance between treat-ment group and model group. Conclusion This study demonstrates that SF can increase bone mass and im-prove bone structure,which may be related to the im-provement of bone formation. SF is effective for GIOP in rats.

Objective To evaluate the effect of military performance stress on the changes of concentrations in salivary chromogranin A ( CgA) ,β-endorphin (β-EP) and salivary IgA ( sIgA) of submariners.Methods Twenty-nine submarine soldiers were selected, and their saliva samples were collected separately at the end of a long dive trip and nine months after relaxation ashore.In addition,the saliva samples of twenty-eight graduate students were collected as the normal control.The method of ELISA was used to detect the level of salivary CgA,β-EP and sIgA.Results After long-term dive training, the submariners showed significantly decreased CgA,β-EP and sIgA.Conclusion After a long term dive trip, chronic military performance stress is associated with the decline of salivary CgA,β-EP and sIgA, indicating that the function of sympathet-ic adrenal medulla is suppressed.The biological significance of these changes needs to be assessed in the future.

OBJECTIVETo investigate antimicrobial resistance profiles and genetic diversity of staphylococcus aureus isolated from lactating cows of 5 provinces in China, 2013.

METHODSA total of 680 samples were collected from 15 herds (12 farms, 3 artels) in 5 provinces of China in 2013, including swabs of extramammary sites (bovine teat skin and milking machine liners) and quarter milk samples from lactating cows diagnosed with subclinical mastitis. The antimicrobial resistance of the isolates were tested by broth microdilution method and the genotypes were determined by PFGE (pulsed-field gel electrophoresis) method.

RESULTSA total of 111 isolates were isolated and identified as staphylococcus aureus. Resistance to penicillin (90.1% (100/111)), erythromycin (48.6% (54/111)), ciprofloxacin (36.9% (41/111)), clindamycin (27.9% (31/111)), gentamycin (18.9% (21/111)), chloramphenicol (9.0% (10/111)), tetracycline (7.2% (8/111)) of these strains were observed. All isolates were sensitive to oxacillin, vancomycin and selectrin. 92.8% (103/111) staphylococcus aureus isolates were resistant to at least one antimicrobial. 38.7% (43/111) strains were multi-drug resistant isolates. The resistance rate of isolates in artels (100% (48/48)) was higher than it in farms (87% (55/63)) and the difference was statistically significant (χ(2) = 4.80, P < 0.05). The multi-resistance rate of isolates in artels (54% (26/48)) was higher than it in farms (27% (17/63)) and the difference was also statistically significant (χ(2) = 8.48, P < 0.05). The 111 strains were clustered into 8 types, 6 out of which were consisted of 98% isolates (109/111), and were prevalent in 2 to 9 herds. Every herd had 1 to 4 types, and tend to be comprised by one major type. Most swab isolates were indistinguishable from isolates infecting the mammary gland. There were no relationship between antimicrobial resistance profiles and genotypes of these isolates.

CONCLUSIONThe drug resistance of staphylococcus aureus isolates associated with lactating cows of 5 provinces in China is serious, especially the isolates collected from artels. A few specialized clones were responsible for most of the cases of bovine mastitis in a single herd and some clones might have a broad geographic distribution.

Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cattle ; China ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; genetics ; Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field ; Female ; Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; Humans ; Lactation ; Mastitis, Bovine ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Milk ; Staphylococcal Infections ; epidemiology ; Staphylococcus aureus ; genetics

Objective To investigate the significance of salivary cortisol , dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and cortisol/DHEA-S ratio changes for evaluation of military performance stress .Methods Forty submarine soldiers were selected, whose saliva samples were collected separately at the end of long-term dive training and after nine months of relaxation break.In addition, the saliva samples of thirty-four graduate students were collected the moment they finished a three-hour final examination and one week later .The method of ELISA was used to detect the levels of salivary cortisol and DHEA-S and to count their ratio .Results After long-term dive training , the submarine soldiers showed significantly decreased DHEA-S and an increased cortisol/DHEA-S ratio, but the cortisol level did not change very much .In contrast, the final examination stress did not change the level of cortisol , DHEA-S or the cortisol/DHEA-S ratio among these students.Conclusion This is the first study to show that long-term, chronic military performance stress is associated with the salivary DHEA-S and cortisol/DHEA-S ratio changes .The increase in the cortisol/DHEA-S ratio may be used as an important and useful biomarker to evaluate chronic stress .In addition , it is relatively simple and sensitive to detect stress biomarkers by using saliva samples .