Objective:To quantify the associations between periconceptional maternal homocysteine (HCY) and offspring′s birth weight and risk of small for gestational age (SGA) infant.Methods:The 19 984 mother-child pairs in this prospective cohort study were recruited from the Shanghai preconception cohort; the infants were delivered from 1 st September 2016 to 11 th November 2022. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect the mothers′ demographic information, medical history, dietary supplement use, and maternal complications during pregnancy, and their serum samples were collected. Serum HCY, folate, and vitamin B 12 were measured using chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay based on serum sample drawn at enrollment. Birth weight data were obtained from medical records. Multiple imputation methods were applied to handle missing data in key variables. Multivariable linear regression and Poisson regression models were used to analyze the relationship between maternal HCY concentration during the periconceptional period and the birth weight and SGA risk of the offspring. Results:A total of 9 452 pairs were enrolled preconceptionally and the remaining 10 532 pairs were enrolled in early pregnancy. The proportion of mothers whose pregnancy age was greater than 35 years was 9.2% (1 832/19 984), the proportion of primiparous women was 76.5% (15 283/19 984), the proportion of pre-pregnancy overweight and obesity was 14.0% (2 804/19 984), the proportion of using folic acid supplements before pregnancy was 21.4% (4 272/19 984), and the proportion of those who supplemented with folic acid during early pregnancy was 85.2% (8 976/10 532); gestational diabetes mellitus was in 6.2% (1 245/19 984), gestational hypertensive syndrome in 3.6% (711/19 984). The birth weight of the offspring was (3 297±468) g, and there were 1 962 SGA children (9.8%). The HCY concentration in the overall population in appropriate for gestational age during the periconceptional period was (7.9±3.2) μmol/L, with (8.3±3.7) μmol/L in the preconception subgroup and (7.3±2.4) μmol/L in the early pregnancy subgroup. After adjustment for the covariates of perinatal demographic information, adverse pregnancy outcomes, serum folate and vitamin B 12, increased maternal periconceptional HCY was significantly associated with lower offspring birth weight ( β=-2.30, 95% CI -4.43--0.16, P=0.035). Only the early pregnancy subgroup was significantly associated with lower offspring birth weight ( β=-7.39, 95% CI-11.50--3.21, P<0.001). No association was found between peripregnancy HCY and offspring SGA risk. However, elevated HCY in early pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of SGA in the offspring ( RR=1.05, 95% CI 1.01-1.08, P=0.002). Periconceptional vitamin B 12 was a mediator of the association between HCY and offspring birth weight, accounting for 16.5%, 41.2% and 5.4% of its total effect in the overall periconceptional population, the pre-pregnancy subgroup and the early pregnancy subgroup, respectively. Conclusions:Maternal periconceptional HCY level is associated with lower birth weight in offspring, but not with the risk of SGA. Elevated maternal HCY in early pregnancy subgroup may be associated with increased risk of SGA in offspring.

Heat stress transcription factors (Hsf) family is one of the most important transcription factor families in plants, and plays an important role in the growth and development of plants when encountering abiotic stresses such as heat, drought, and heavy metals. In this study, 20 SpbHsf genes were identified from the full-length transcriptome database of Setcreasea purpurea, and the structure and function of the Hsf gene family were analyzed using bioinformatics tools and qRT-PCR. The results showed that all SpbHsf proteins were hydrophilic. There were 12 SpbHsf proteins located in the nucleus, and the content of α-helix and random coil in the secondary structure of all SpbHsf proteins was high. The SpbHsf genes are divided into three subfamilies, each of which contains unique conserved motifs. All SpbHsf proteins contain DBD and HR-A/B domains. Phylogenetic analysis showed that OsHsf in Oryza sativa protein had the highest homology with SpbHsf protein. All the 20 SpbHsf genes were expressed in the root tissues of S. purpurea. Among them, 8 were significantly up-regulated while 8 were significantly down-regulated under Cu²⁺ stress. This study may help better understand the function and expression pattern of the S. purpurea Hsf gene family.
Droughts ; Gene Expression Regulation, Plant ; Heat Shock Transcription Factors/metabolism* ; Humans ; Phylogeny ; Plant Proteins/metabolism*

Objective: To carry out genetic testing for a boy presenting with mental retardation and hypoplasia. Methods: Conventional karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and single nucleotide polymorphism based array (SNP-array) were used to analyze the boy and his parents. Results: SNP-array has detected a 25.7 Mb microduplication at 2q33.3q36.3 in the boy. Chromosomal karyotyping and FISH analysis indicated that his mother had a karyotype of 46, XX, ish ins(11; 2)(p15; q33q36), and that the boy has carried an abnormal chromosome 11 derived from the maternal translocation. The karyotype of the boy was ascertained as 46, XY, ish der(11)ins(11; 2)(p15; q33q36)mat. Conclusion SNP-array combined with G-banding and FISH can delineate the cryptic translocation and is valuable for the assessment of recurrence risk for subsequent pregnancies.

A method was developed for determination of thirteen amines including seven aliphatic amines, two heterocyclic amines and four aromatic amines in atmospheric particulate matter (PM) by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Samples were ultrasonically extracted with ultra-pure water and derivatized with benzenesulfonyl chloride (BSC) under alkaline conditions. The derivatives were extracted with dichloromethane and then detected by GC-MS using DB-5MS chromatographic column. The method detection limit (S/N=3) and quantitation limit (S/N=10) were 0.00008-0.017 μg/mL and 0.00026-0.0565 μg/mL respectively, and the correlation coefficients were 0.9903-0.9996, which indicated that the standard curve had good linear correlation. In addition, the relative standard deviation was less than 30％ and the average recovery was 54.4％-159.7％ except for methylamine and benzylamine at spiked level of 1.0 μg/mL, showing high precision and accuracy. 9 kinds of amines were detected in the PM2.5 samples collected in Guangzhou city by this method, among which dimethylamine and butylamine accounted for 90％ of the total nine amines, which indicated that they were primary amines in PM2.5; while propylamine exhibited the lowest level in PM2.5 with the concentration less than 1.0 ng/m3.

A patient with steroid-resistant acute rejection 50 days after ABO-compatible orthotopic liver trans-plantation(LT)received regular infusion of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)after three ses-sions of steroid pulse therapy which failed to control the pathogenetic condition as shown by biopsy.Liver function improved gradually after intravenous injection of MSCs once weekly for 10 weeks(as confirmed by biopsy)and remained stable under administration of conventional immunosuppressive agents.There was no evidence of neoplasms 5 years after treatment.MSCs infusion appears to suc-cessfully reverse resistance to immunosuppressive agents and may be a useful treatment for post-liver transplant steroid-resistant rejection.

Objective Study of Shuxuening combined with sodium phosphocreatine on acute severe carbon monoxide poisoning with ischemia modified albumin level and its curative effect in patients. Methods 66 cases of ASCOP patients were randomly divided into routine group and treatment group, all patients were detected for myocardial enzymes, cTnI, IMA before treatment, after treatment 6 h and 3 d. Results IMA was significantly decreased before treatment, while no significant changes occurred in myocardial enzymes and cTnIn levels. After treatment for 6 h, IMA in treatment group was higher than conventional group (P < 0.05). Myocardial enzymes and cTnI gradually increased, the two groups had no difference (P>0.05). After treatment for 3d, cTnI level of normal group increased obviously compare with the treatment group (P>0.05). Myocardial enzymes, IMA restored to the normal level (P>0.05). The level of cTnI after treatment for 3 d improved compare with 6 h. Conclusion Treatment of early ASCOP patients by Shuxuening combined with sodium phosphocreatine significantly improve the recovery of myocardial injury poisoning. The level of IMA can be used as evaluation index of myocardial ischemia and drug treatment.

Objective To study the value of copeptin and APACHE Ⅱ used for assessing acute paraquat poisoning (APP). Methods One hundred and twenty six APP patients were divided into survival group (n = 58) and death group (n = 68), with clinical death as the endpoint of observation. 3 mL blood was obtained from each subject at 2 h , 24 h and 7 d after admission for detecting the levels of copeptin , and APACHE Ⅱ scores were recorded at the same time. Results There was significant difference in dosages of paraquat taken in the death group and the survival group , but the differences were significant in the rescue time , the first time for hemoperfusion and the times for hemoperfusion. 2 h after admission , the death group and survival group had significant difference in elevated copeptin but no significant difference in scores by APACHE Ⅱ. 24 h after admission copeptin decreased to normal level in the survival group but maintained at a higher level in the death group, while the scores by APACHE Ⅱ had insignificant difference between two groups. 7 d after admission, copeptin kept at a higher level and the scores by APACHE Ⅱwere significantly increased in the death group , with significant differences compared to the survival group. The oral doses of pesticides the patients took were positively correlated with copeptin level and scores by APACHE Ⅱ. Conclusion Repeated detection of copeptin and APACHE Ⅱ score are of clinical importance for the assessment of prognosis of APP patients and reasonable distribution of medical resources.

Objective To understand the status of mycoplasma infection and drug susceptibility to provide reference basis for clinical rational drug use.Methods The reagents kits produced by Shanghai Aopu Biopharmaceutical Co.,Ltd.were adopted to per-form the mycoplasma culture,identification and susceptibility test.Results Among 1 745 specimens,896 cases of mycoplasma in-fection were detected with the total detection rate of 51 .35%,including Ureaplasma urealyticum (Uu)infection in 841 cases (48.19% ),Uu combined Mycoplasma hominis(Mh)infection in 92 cases(5.27% )and Mh infection in 17 cases(0.97%).The de-tection rate was 9.46% in males and 41 .89% in females,the infection rate in females was obviously higher than that of males.The results of drug susceptibility test showed that the sensitive rate to doxycycline,josamycin and minocycline was higher than 95%, while the resistant rate to norfloxacin and lincomycin was higher than 75%.Conclusion Mycoplasma infection in this hospital is dominated by Uu.Doxycycline,josamycin and minocycline can be used as the empirical medication to treat mycoplasma infections in this hospital.But before clinical treatment,the mycoplasma culture and the drug susceptibility test should be performed as possible for rational and standardized medication.

Objective To compare the nursing effect of the percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy ( PEG) and nasal feeding in the patients with severe traumatic brain injury .Methods Eighty patients with severe traumatic brain injury from May 2010 to May 2013 were chosen and randomly divided into the PEG group and the nasal feeding group .The PEG group received the nutritional therapy through the PEG , and the nasal feeding group received the nutritional therapy through the nasal feeding .The prognosis was evaluated by the Glasgow outcome score ( GOS ) before discharge , and the complication was compared between two groups . Results The cases of the good score of GOS in the PEG group were 29 cases, and were 17 cases in the nasal feeding group, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =7.3657,P<0.01).The average days of hospital stays were (32.41 ±3.27) d in the PEG group, and were (38.16 ±5.33) d in the nasal feeding group, and the difference was statistically significant (t =5.816,P <0.01).The cases of reflux, gastric mucosal erosion and aspiration pneumonia were respectively 12, 7, 13 cases in the PEG group, and were lower than those of the nasal feeding group , and the differences were statistically significant (χ2 =4.1779,4.9428, 12.8321, respectively;P<0.05).Conclusions The value of PEG is higher than that of the nasal feeding in the nursing of the patients with severe traumatic brain injury .

Objective To investigate the effect of different sputum suction methods on the incidences of pulmonary infections in patients with mechanical ventilation.Methods Four hundred and sixty-six patients with mechanical ventilation were randomly divided into study group(n=219)and control group(n=247).The two groups were treated with continued balloon filling and airway humidification.Besides,the control group received conventional open sputum suction and the study group closed continuous negative pressure sputum suction.The two groups were compared in terms of incidence of pulmonary infections.Result The incidence of the study group(8.2%)was significantly lower than that of the control group(14.6%)(χ2=4.58,P<0.05).Conclusion Compared with the traditional open conventional sputum suction method,closed continuous negative pressure sputum suction may be more effective in reducing the incidence of pulmonary infection in patients with mechanical ventilation.