Objective:To explore the regional brain activities in healthy adolescent subjects after sleep deprivation (SD) using amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) method.Methods:Total of 16 healthy adolescent subjects (8 males,8 females;aged 13-20 years) were recruited in the community and the campus through the internet and posters.Each of the 16 healthy adolescent subject underwent the attention network test and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) session twice:once was after rested wakefulness (RW condition),and the other was after SD condition.Amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF) method was used to assess the local brain features.The mean ALFF signal values of the different brain areas were performed to investigate their relationships with the accuracy rate,reaction time and lapse rate in the attention network test,and were analyzed with a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve to investigate their sensitivities and specificities to distinguish the SD condition from the RW condition.Results:Subjects showed a lower response accuracy rate [(83 ± 12) ％ vs.(97 ± 4) ％,P ＜ 0.05],a longer response time [(832 ± 134) ms vs.(715 ± 97) ms,P ＜ 0.05] and a higher lapse rate [(15 ± 11)％ vs.(2.4 ±7.3)％,P ＜0.05] under SD condition than under RW condition.They showed higher ALFF area in the right cuneus (BA 17,BA 18),and lower ALFF areas in the right lentiform nucleus,right claustrum,left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (BA 46) and left inferior parietal cortex (BA 39) under SD condition than under RW condition.Under SD condition,the mean ALFF signal value of the right claustrum showed a significant positive correlation with the accuracy rate (r =0.69,P ＜0.05),and a negative correlation with the lapse rate (r =-0.71,P ＜0.05).The mean ALFF signal value of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex showed a significant positive correlation with the reaction time (r =0.68,P ＜ 0.05).The values of area under the curve of the right cuneus,right lentiform nucleus,right claustrum,left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and left inferior parietal cortice were 0.9,0.8,0.9,0.8 and 0.9,respectively.These different ALFF areas also showed high degree of sensitivities and specificities.Conclusion:Sleep deprivation leads to the dysfunction in the default mode network,anticorrelatedtask-positive network,and advanced cognitive function brain areas,and the functional compensation in the visual network.

OBJECTIVE ToinvestigatethepossibleprotectiveeffectofTripterygiumwilfordiipolyg-lycoside (TWP ) on experi mental diabetic nephropathy (D N ) rats and its possible mechanis m. METHODS Thediabeticmodelwasinducedbyasingleintraperitonealinjectionofstreptozotocin (STZ)65 mg·kg -1 .Three weeks after modeling,TWP 4.5,9.0 and 1 8.0 mg·kg -1 was ig given to rats,once daily,for 8 consecutive weeks.During the experiment,the changes of body mass,hair, mental health of rats were observed.Two days before the end of the experi ment,the rats were placed into metabolic cages to collect 24 h urine in order to detect 24 h urinary albu min excretion rate (UAER). The rats were given TWP for 8 weeks and anesthetized with 1 0%chloral hydrate.The blood was collect-ed fro m the heart and centrifuged,seru m creatinine and urine creatinine were measured,and creatinine clearance (Clcr)was calculated.Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)and the serum catalase (CAT)activity were tested by optical method while the level of seru m superoxide oxygen anion(O2÷)was tested by col-orimetry.The level of malondialdehyde(MDA)was determined by thiobarbituric acid condensation,and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px)activity was tested by colorimetry.The right kidney was HE stained to observepathologicalchanges.RESULTS Comparedwithnormalcontrolgroup,theratsinmodel control group developed polydipsia,polyuria,polyphagia,body mass loss,unresponsiveness,brown hair,pale tail and apathy clammy.Besides,blood glucose,BUN and 24 h UAER were significantly higher (P<0.01 ),but Clcr was lower (P<0.01 ).The activity of serum CAT and GSH-Px in renal tissue was significantly lower(P<0.01 ),while the level of serum O2÷ and MDA in the renal tissue was significantly higher(P<0.01 ).Compared with model control group,TWP 9.0 and 18.0 mg·kg -1 could improve the general condition of rats.BUN and 24 h UAER were obviously reduced(P<0.01 ),Clcr and serum CAT were increased obviously(P<0.01 ),the level of MDA and O2÷ were reduced obviously(P<0.01 ),and GSH-Px level was increased(P<0.01 ).TWP 9.0 and 18.0 mg·kg -1 could significantly im-prove the renal histopathological changes of rats.TWP 4.5 mg·kg -1 had no significant effect on the aboveindicators.CONCLUSION TWPhasprotectiveeffectontherenalfunctionofexperimentalDN rats.The mechanis m may be related to inhibition of the oxidative stress and enhance ment of the body antioxidant capacity.

Objective To investigate difference of NKG2D receptor expression level on the surface of natural killer (NK) cells in the patients with hepatitis B and its clinical significance.Methods This was a four-arm study with different types of subjects,including patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB,n =22),HBV carriers (HBVC,n=10),patients with acute hepatitis B (AHB,n=18) and healthy donors (HD,n=18).NKG2D protein and mRNA levels on the surface NK cells in the peripheral blood were examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction assay.The relationship between NKG 2D expression and serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA level was analyzed.The data were compared by analysis of variance and linear regression.Results NKG2D mRNA expression levels in groups of HBVC, HD, AHB and CHB were 0.96±0.17, 1.03±0.12,1.53±0.30 and 1.51 ± 0.35,respectively; the differences among groups were statistically significant (q=7.586,7.485,7.920 and 7.880,respectively; all P＜0.01).NKG2D protein expression levels in groups of AHB,HD,CHB and HBVC were 0.87±0.14,0.89±0.17,0.67±0.09 and 0.59±0.13,respectively; the differences among groups were statistically significant (q=6.92,7.67,7.53and 8.16,respectively; all P＜0.01).The NKG2D mRNA expression levels on NK cells were negatively correlated with serum HBV DNA viral loads in patients with CHB,AHB or HBVC (r=-0.75,-0.66 and-0.69,respectively; all P＜0.01).The NKG2D protein levels on NK cells from patients with AHB and CHB were negatively correlated with serum HBV DNA levels (r=-0.47 and -0.45,respectively; both P＜0.05).Conclusion NKG2D mediated NK cytotoxicity may play a role in viral clearance in hepatitis B.

Objective To renovate angiography in identifying portal vein anatomy during transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) procedures,saving the time of TIPS procedures,decreasing the risk of the complications of the post-procedure.MethodsThe difference between the Wedge hepatic venography with Carbon Dioxide in 6 cases and Inferior Mesenteric artery angiography in 7 cases during TIPS procedures were compared in the identification of portal vein anatomy.The quality of images,their effects on the procedures,the complications and the recovery post-procedure were evaluated.Results Using CO2,the portal veins were opacified in all 6 cases.TIPS procedures succeeded in all cases except 1 case because of poor coagulation function.Using Inferior Mesenteric artery angiography,the portal veins were opacified in al1 7 cases.TIPS procedure succeeded in all cases except 1 case because of chronic portal occlusion.Puncture-site hematoma occurred in 1 case after TIPS procedure.ConclusionWedge hepatic venography with Carbon Dioxide is superior,safer and more convenient than Inferior Mesenteric Artery angiography in identifying portal vein anatomy during TIPS.

Adult ; Alanine Transaminase ; metabolism ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Liver ; pathology ; Male ; Niemann-Pick Diseases ; pathology

Objective To establish a method to determine the concentration of Danshensu in rats sera by HPLC after rats were fed with Kangxianerhao(KXEH) extract.Metheds Rats were given 0.45g or 0.55g KXEH extract 7 times in 4 days by gavage,and blood were collected from heart of rats at different time.Condition of HPLC: C18A column was used,the mobile phase was consist of a mixture of acetonitrile-H_3PO_4,the detection wavelength was 205nm.Result Concentration of KXEH reached the highest level one hour after administration of KXEH in different doses,which showed that high dose of drug got higher concentration of drug Danshensu in serum than the medium dose.Linear correlation was obtained over the concentration of 76～1520mg/L,r=0.9932.Average recoveries of samples were 98.3%,101.5%,99.3% respectively at different dose of 76mg/L、304mg/Land 1520mg/L,with RSD was 5.9%、2.5%、2.0% respectively.It was proved indirectly that the concentration of KXEH in rat serum after administraion of KXEH extract reached effective concentration in blood.Conclusion It shows that large dose KXEH get higher concentration of Danshensu in blood than the medium dose.The concentration of drug serum is quantitated by HPLC assay.

Objective To observe the effects of truncated type Ⅱ receptor of TGF ? 1 expressing plasmid on rat liver fibrosis. Methods An eukaryotic expression plasmid of a truncated type Ⅱ receptor of TGF ? 1 was constructed by recombinant DNA technique. Sequence analysis of this recombinant plasmid revealed that it contained the complete extracellular and transmembrane domains of TGF ? 1 Ⅱ receptor but lacked most of the cytoplasmic kinase domain. The recombinant plasmid encapsulated by liposome was transferred into the rats by intraperitoneal injection and its effects on the grade of the pathologic fibrosis and the levels of HA,LN,PCⅢ,Ⅳ C were observed. Results The levels of serum HA,LN,PCⅢ,Ⅳ C were lower in the early treatment group than those in the model control group ( P 0.05). Either in the early or later treatment group, the grade of liver fibrosis was decreased apparently compared with the model control group ( P

Objective To study the complexity of S region qusispecies in various disease stages of chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection and its relation to disease activity. Methods Serum samples were obtained from 112 patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection;22 with chronic carries(ASC),30 with chronic mild or moderate hepatitis(CH),60 with fulminant hepatitis failure(FHF). HBV qusispecies populations were separated by the single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) method targeted the S region and DNA sequencing analysis. Results The number of SSCP bands detected in the patients with ASC、CH and FHF was 1.45?0.13,3.70?0.22 and 5.93?0.24, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the number of quasispecies among various disease stages ( P

Objective On the basis of the lasted clinical experience,our group will discuss the treatmented mechanism of Chinese herb kang-xian-er-hao(KXEH) ameliorate hepatic cirrhosis. Methods Male wistar rats were divided into five groups,excepted for normal group N,the remnant four groups were all given intraperitoneal injection of porcine serum((0.5) ml/time,2 times/week,total 12 weeks).In KXEH early treatment group B,the rats were fed with KXEH by gavage,1 g/100 g,once a day at the third week.In KXRH late treatment group C,the rats were fed with KXEH by gavage,1 g/100 g,once a day at the ninth week.In ?-interferon treated group D the rats were subcutaneous injection ?-interferon((0.1) million) every day at the ninth week.The model group A and normal group N were fed with the same amount of saline by gavage.The rats were killed at the end of the twelfth weeks,the formation of liver fibrosis was observed with HE stain and Masson stain.The expression of Smooth muscle actin(SMA) was observed by immunohistochemistry.As well as SMA,collagen Ⅰ、Ⅲ mRNA and Smad3 mRNA,which is TGF-?1 downstream signal,were detected in liver samples with RT-PCR assay. Results In KXEH treated group B and C,the body weight was heavier,the size of liver and spleen was smaller and the ratio of liver weight/body weight and spleen weight/body weight was decreased compared with the model group A(P

Objective To investigate the influence of HCV core protein on cell apoptosis, cell cycles and cell telomerase activities of HepG2 cells. Methods A eukaryotic expression plasmid containing HCV C gene was constructed by DNA recombinant technique and the recombinant plasmid was transfected into HepG2. Thereafter, HepG2 cells transfected with recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid were obtained. The HCV C mRNA and protein in HepG2 cells transfected with recombinant plasmid were verified by RT PCR and indirect immunofluorescence assay. The HepG2 cells were studied as follows: (1) The cell proliferation ratio of three groups cells(HepG2 cells transfected with the recombinant plasmid, HepG2 cells transfected with blank plasmid and HepG2 cells without transfection) was evaluated by MTT assay; the cell cycles were also examined by FACS. (2) The apoptotic ratio of three groups cells were examined by FACS. (3) The cell telomerase activities of all three group cells were examined by TRAP ELISA assay. Results (1) The cell proliferation ratio in the group of HepG2 cells transfected with recombinant plasmid was higher than that of the group of HepG2 cells transfected with blank plasmid or the group of HepG2 cells without transfection; The proportion of phase S in the group of HepG2 transfected with the recombinant plasmid was significantly higher than that of the group of HepG2 without transfection. (2) The apoptotic ratio in the group of HepG2 cells transfected with recombinant plasmid was significantly lower than that of the group of HepG2 cells transfected with blank plasmid or the group of HepG2 cells without transfection. (3) There were no significant differences among the three group cell telomerase activities. Conclusions (1) HCV C protein had the potential role in inhibiting cell apoptosis. (2)HCV C protein could induce HepG2 cells from phase G 0/1 to phase S, and might promote cell proliferation, inhibit cell apoptosis. (3) HCV C protein had no influence on cell telomerase activities of HepG2 cells, thus HCV C protein regulated cell cycle, promoted cell proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis not by enhancing cell telomerase activities.