BACKGROUND:With the further development of minimally invasive concepts,unicompartmental knee arthroplasty has become an important treatment for osteoarthritis of the knee;however,early postoperative pain adversely affects the recovery process,so effective analgesic measures are necessary.Femoral nerve block and cocktail therapy are common analgesic methods for unicompartmental knee arthroplasty,but there is a lack of studies confirming the analgesic effect and safety of their combined application. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the analgesic effect of cocktail therapy combined with femoral nerve block in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. METHODS:One hundred patients who received unicompartmental knee arthroplasty from October 2021 to January 2023 were selected as the study subjects.They were divided into a control group(n=50)and a study group(n=50)using a random number table method.The femoral nerve block was used in the control group,while cocktail therapy combined with femoral nerve block was used in the study group during unicompartmental knee arthroplasty.Postoperative analgesia effect,analgesic frequency of dezocine injection within 2 days after surgery,motion range of affected knee joint,KSS function scores,and the occurrence of postoperative adverse reactions were compared between the two groups. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Visual analog scale scores in the study group were lower than those in the control group at 12,24,and 48 hours after surgery(P<0.05).(2)The analgesic frequency of dezocine in the study group was less than that in the control group within 2 days after surgery(P<0.05).(3)The motion range in the study group was higher than that in the control group 1 and 3 days after surgery(P<0.05).On day 14 after surgery,there was no significant difference in motion range between the two groups(P>0.05).(4)The knee KSS score in the study group was higher than that in the control group at 2 weeks after surgery(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in knee KSS scores between the two groups from 6 weeks to 6 months after surgery(P>0.05).(5)The difference in the occurrence of adverse reactions within 14 days after surgery was not significant between the two groups(P>0.05).(6)These results show that the use of cocktail therapy combined with femoral nerve block in unicompartmental knee arthroplasty can effectively reduce postoperative pain,improve the analgesic effect,reduce the frequency of analgesic drugs,and improve motion range of the early affected knee joint of patients.

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) diseases are common clinical conditions. The number of patients with TMJ diseases is large, and the etiology, epidemiology, disease spectrum, and treatment of the disease remain controversial and unknown. To understand and master the current situation of the occurrence, development and prevention of TMJ diseases, as well as to identify the patterns in etiology, incidence, drug sensitivity, and prognosis is crucial for alleviating patients′suffering.This will facilitate in-depth medical research, effective disease prevention measures, and the formulation of corresponding health policies. Cohort construction and research has an irreplaceable role in precise disease prevention and significant improvement in diagnosis and treatment levels. Large-scale cohort studies are needed to explore the relationship between potential risk factors and outcomes of TMJ diseases, and to observe disease prognoses through long-term follw-ups. The consensus aims to establish a standard conceptual frame work for a cohort study on patients with TMJ disease while providing ideas for cohort data standards to this condition. TMJ disease cohort data consists of both common data standards applicable to all specific disease cohorts as well as disease-specific data standards. Common data were available for each specific disease cohort. By integrating different cohort research resources, standard problems or study variables can be unified. Long-term follow-up can be performed using consistent definitions and criteria across different projects for better core data collection. It is hoped that this consensus will be facilitate the development cohort studies of TMJ diseases.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the mechanisms by which Pinggan Yishen Decoction(PGYSD)contributes to alleviating target organ damage in spontaneously hypertensive rats.METHODS The chemical components of PGYSD were determined by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-TOF/MS)and were analyzed by target a-nalysis and functional enrichment combined with network pharmacology methods to predict the potential mechanism of PGYSD in trea-ting hypertension and its target organ damage.Spontaneously hypertensive rats were randomly divided into the model group,low-dose PGYSD group(2 g·kg-1),high-dose PGYSD group(5 g·kg-1),and valsartan group(7.2 mg·kg-1),with 6 rats in each group.Wistar-Kyoto rats were used as the control group,and the control group and the model group were gavaged with normal saline for 8 consecutive weeks.HE and Masson staining were used to observe the pathological damage and fibrosis degree of rat heart and tho-racic aorta.Immunohistochemical staining and Western blot were used to detect the expression level of EGFR in the heart,liver and kidney of rats.Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the co-localization of EGFR and EEA1 in the heart,liver and kidney of rats.RESULTS Twenty-six components of PGYSD were detected by UPLC-Q-TOF/MS.Network pharmacology revealed that EG-FR,PIK3R1 and EP300 may be key therapeutic targets of action of PGYSD for the treatment of hypertension and its target organ dam-age,and that the treatment of hypertension and its target organ damage by PGYSD may be closely related to EGFR tyrosine kinase in-hibitor resistance,lipids and atherosclerosis and HIF-1 signaling pathway.The high-dose group of PGYSD significantly reduced sys-tolic blood pressure and mean blood pressure in rats(P<0.05,P<0.01),attenuated pathological damage and fibrosis in the heart and thoracic aorta(P<0.01,P<0.001),significantly reduced the expression level of EGFR in the liver and kidney of rats(P<0.01),and treated fibrosis in liver and kidney,reduced the co-localization of EGFR and EEA1 in the kidney of rats(P<0.001),attenuated fibro-sis in kidney.CONCLUSION The paper integrates UPLC-Q-TOF/MS,network pharmacology and spontaneously hypertensive rat model and preliminarily explores the effect mechanism of PGYSD in the treatment of hypertension and its target organ damage,provi-ding a scientific basis for further mechanism research and clinical application of PGYSD in the treatment of hypertension.

Objective To investigate the effect of Gegen Qinlian Decoction on liver energy metabolism and free fatty acid(FFA)in rats with insulin resistance(IR).Methods IR rat model was established by feeding 60%fat high-fat diet for 13 consecutive weeks.SD rats were randomly divided into normal group,model group,Rosiglitazone(5 mg·kg-1)group and Gegen Qinlian Decoction low-,medium-and high-dose groups(1.65,4.96,14.86 g·kg-1),with 6 rats in each group.Intragastric administration was given once a day,continuous administration intervention lasted for 16 weeks.Determination of IR-related indicators:serum fasting insulin(FINS),fasting blood glucose(FPG),calculate the IR index;HPLC method was established for the determination of adenosine triphosphate(ATP),adenosine diphosphate(ADP)and adenosine monophosphate(AMP)in rat liver tissue;ELISA was used to determine the content of FFA in rat liver tissue.The contents of serum total cholesterol(TC)and triglyceride(TG)were detected by automatic biochemical analyzer.The pathological changes of liver tissue were observed by HE staining.Results(1)After the model replication,compared with the normal group,the FINS,FPG levels and IR index of the model group were significantly increased(P＜0.05).(2)Compared with the normal group,the levels of FINS,FPG and IR index in the model group were significantly increased(P＜0.01),the contents of ATP,ADP and AMP in liver tissue were significantly decreased(P＜0.01),the content of FFA was significantly increased(P＜0.01),and the levels of TC and TG in serum were significantly increased(P＜0.05).Liver cells arranged in disorder,fatty degeneration,and there are a large number of lipid droplets.Compared with the model group,the FINS level and IR index of rats in each administration group were significantly decreased(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),and the FPG level of rats in the Rosiglitazone group was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).The contents of ADP and AMP in liver tissue of rats in each administration group were significantly increased(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),and the contents of ATP in liver tissue of rats in low-,medium-and high dose-groups of Gegen Qinlian Decoction were significantly increased(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The content of FFA in liver tissue of rats in Rosiglitazone group and Gegen Qinlian Decoction low-and high-dose groups was significantly decreased(P＜0.01).The serum TC level of rats in the low-and high-dose groups of Gegen Qinlian Decoction was significantly decreased(P＜0.05,P＜0.01),and the serum TG level of rats in the Rosiglitazone group and the low-dose group of Gegen Qinlian Decoction was significantly decreased(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).The steatosis of hepatocytes in rats of each administration group was alleviated to varying degrees,and the lipid droplets were reduced,and the pathological damage was improved.Conclusion Gegen Qinlian Decoction may improve liver lipid metabolism disorder and restore lipid and energy balance by regulating energy metabolism and reducing FFA level,thus improving IR.

Objective To explore the effect of different transcranial pulse current stimulation(tPCS)program on the elimination of fatigue in physical cognitive mixed tasks.Methods Thirty healthy college athletes were randomly divided into group Ⅰ'and groupⅡ',each of 15.Then,both groups of sub-jects exercised on power bicycles.Ten subjects were screened from Group Ⅰ'and Ⅱ'meeting the crite-ria of moderate and severe physical cognitive mixed task fatigue using the Rating of Perceived Exer-tion respectively.Both groups received five tPCS interventions.Before and after each intervention,the subjects were tested for heart rate variability(HRV)and oxygenated hemoglobin(HbO2)concentration,and the effect of different stimulations on the fatigue elimination in physical cognitive mixed tasks of different severities were measured.Meanwhile,the HRV measurements included root mean square of difference between adjacent R-R intervals(RMSSD),standard deviation of all normal-to-normal inter-vals(SDNN),high frequency(HF)and low frequency(LF).Results①After tPCS intervention,the aver-age SDNN,HF and HbO2 increased significantly(P<0.05),while the average IF decreased significantly(P<0.05).②In physical cognitive mixed task of moderate fatigue,the biggest change of each index ap-peared after the tPCS program D(20 min,sensory intensity).③In the physical cognitive mixed task of severe fatigue,the change range of each index was the largest after the tPCS program C(20 min,sensory intensity + 0.2 mA).Conclusion ①After physical cognitive mixed tasks,different tPCS stimu-lation programs have different effects on the elimination of fatigue with an optimal"stimulant dose".②The effects of five intervention programs on the elimination of physical fatigue of athletes are as fol-lows:For the elimination of moderate fatigue of physical cognitive mixed task,program D of tPCS(20 min,sensory intensity)has the greatest effect,while for the elimination of severe fatigue of physical cognitive mixed task,program C of tPCS(20 min,sensory intensity + 0.2 mA)has the greatest effect.

Acute gastrointestinal dysfunction is a common and important complication of sepsis. As no exiting formal definition and classification of gastrointestinal dysfunction, most of the treatment strategies for gastrointestinal dysfunction are not based on clinical evidence, but on their own clinical experience. Experts of traditional Chinese medicine, integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine and Western medicine from various disciplines in Shanghai are organized by the Shanghai Society of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine and the Emergency Department Branch of Shanghai Physicians Association. After repeated discussion, literature search and formulation of the outline, we developed consensus on gastrointestinal dysfunction secondary to sepsis with integrating Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western medicine by consulting extensively on clinical experts in the fields of emergency medicine, gastroenterology, general surgery, infectious medicine and traditional Chinese medicine, and holding several expert forums and consultation meetings. This clinical expert consensus focused on acute gastrointestinal injury (AGI) classification and inducer of sepsis. In this consensus, the common symptoms, diagnosis, classifications, treatment strategies and suggestions of acute gastrointestinal injury or dysfunction secondary to sepsis were explored from the aspect of both Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western medicine.

Objective:To investigate the clinical, pathologic and radiologic features and molecular alterations in patients with primary cardiac leiomyosarcoma (PCLMS).Methods:Five cases of PCLMS were collected in Beijing Anzhen Hospital from January 2016 to December 2020. The clinical, pathologic and radiologic data, and molecular alterations were analyzed, and the patients were followed up.Results:All five patients were female, and had no history of leiomyosarcoma in other parts of the body. The age of patients ranged from 37 to 62 years (median 47 years). The main clinical symptoms were chest pain and dyspnea, one also presented with palpitation and lower limb weakness and one with dizziness. Two tumors were located in the left atrium, two in the right atrium, and one in the right ventricle, and they maximal diameter ranged from 2.5 to 14.0 cm (mean 6.2 cm). The neoplasms presented as medium-echo masses with a broad base in the echocardiography, and as a low-density, solid mass when detected by contrast-enhanced CT. Histologically, two tumors were well-differentiated and three were moderately and poorly differentiated, and two included extensive, loose myxoid stroma. Immunohistochemical staining showed that PCLMS was positive for SMA, desmin, MDM2, and epidermal growth factor receptor. Fluorescence in situ hybridization showed ALK gene rearrangement in two cases, and COL1A1-PDGFB fusion in three cases. All cases received surgical excision and two cases received chemotherapy. Three patients died within 0-11 months (mean survival of 7.7 months) and two patients were alive.Conclusions:PCLMS is a malignant tumor with a high recurrence rate and poor prognosis. These cases may provide useful information to improve the diagnosis and management of PCLMS.

Objective:To investigate the value of deep learning in classifying non-inflammatory aortic membrane degeneration.Methods:Eighty-nine cases of non-inflammatory aortic media degeneration diagnosed from January to June 2018 were collected at Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, China and scanned into digital sections. 1 627 hematoxylin and eosin stained photomicrographs were extracted. Combined with the ResNet18-based deep convolution neural network model, 4-category classification of pathological images were performed to diagnose the non-inflammatory aortic lesion.Results:The prediction model of artificial intelligence assisted diagnosis had the best accuracy, sensitivity and precision in identifying lesions with smooth muscle cell nuclei loss, which were 99.39%, 98.36% and 98.36%, respectively. The classification accuracy of elastic fiber fragmentation and/or loss lesions was 98.08%, while that of intralamellar mucoid extracellular matrix accumulation lesions was 96.93%. The overall accuracy of the classification model was 96.32%, and the area under the curve was 0.982.Conclusions:The accuracy of deep learning neural network model in the 4-category classification of non-inflammatory aortic lesionsis confirmed based on digital photomicrographs. This method can effectively improve the diagnostic efficiency of pathologists.

Objective:To investigate the radionuclide concentrations in rice and corn in some areas of Yunnan province, and enrich the baseline data on radioactivity level in food in Yunnan province, and assess the health risks to residents.Methods:The samples of rice and corn collected from 20 counties in Yunnan province were determined by using gamma spectrometer under the national standards Gamma Spectrometry Method of Analysing Radionuclides In Biological Samples (GB/T 16145-1995), General Analytical Method of High-Purity Germanium Gamma Spectrometer (GB/T 11713-2015), Examination of Radioactive Materials for Foods- General Principle (GB 14883.1-2016) and Determination of Radionuclides in Soil by Gamma Spectrometry(GB/T11743-2013). The results were compared and evaluated.Results:The average activity concentrations in rice were found to be 238U (0.416±0.403) Bq/kg, 32Th (0.045±0.034) Bq/kg, 226Ra (0.030±0.013) Bq/kg, 40K (28.4±18.8) Bq/kg and 137Cs (0.014±0.019) Bq/kg, respectively, and in corn to be 238U (0.308±0.230) Bq/kg, 232Th (0.035±0.031) Bq/kg, 226Ra (0.053±0.072) Bq/kg, 40K (56.8±38.6) Bq/kg, respectively. The specific activities of the 137Cs were lower than the detection lower limit. Conclusions:The radionuclide concentration of 238U, 232Th, 226Ra, 40K and 137Cs in rice and corn in 20 counties of Yunnan province meets the national standards. The dose burden to the public will not affect human health.

Objective To investigate the radioactivity levels in foods in environmental protection area around a decommissioned uranium mine in Yunnan province,in order to timely discover the release of radioactive substances and to provide accumulated baseline data.Methods Radioactivity levels in grains,vegetables and fresh tea at 20 sampling points were measured in the environmental protection area within 3 km of a decommissioned the uranium mine.After field pretreatment and laboratory preparation,the radionuclides in samples were analyzed by means of γ spectrometry.Results Radionuclides in foods in the area mainly include natural radionuclides (238 U,232Th,226Ra,40 K) and man-made radionuclide (137 Cs).Radioactivity level of 238U,232Th,226Ra and 40K was (0.17 ± 0.05),(0.25 ± 0.17),(0.43 ±0.28)and (103.49 ±25.10)Bq/kg(fresh weight),respectively.Radioactivity levels of 232Th,226Ra,40K and 137Cs in fresh tea were all higher than those in grains and vegetables.Conclusions Radioactivity levels in foods around the area are lower than the relevant national limits.No man-made radionuclide other than 137Cs was found in the area.