Objective To investigate the relationship between tooth loss and the occurrence of esophageal cancer in a natural village in Wenfeng District, Anyang City, Henan Province. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted to observe the occurrence of tooth loss and esophageal cancer among the asymptomatic residents of the natural village for 16 years from January 2008 to July 2024. Data were analyzed by chi-square test, binary logistic regression, and restricted cubic spline. Results Among the total population of 711 cases, 136 cases were lost to follow-up and 575 cases were included in the final statistics, including 45 cases with esophageal cancer. Significant statistical difference was found between esophageal cancer patients with and without tooth loss (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that tooth loss was associated with the occurrence of esophageal cancer (OR=3.977, 95%CI: 1.543-10.255). After the adjustment for confounders, tooth loss remained significantly associated with the occurrence of esophageal cancer (OR=3.038, 95%CI: 1.035-8.914). A nonlinear dose-response relationship was observed between the number of teeth lost and the incidence of esophageal cancer. When the number of teeth lost was less than 12, the risk of esophageal cancer increased with the number of teeth lost. When more than 12 teeth were lost, the risk of esophageal cancer decreased as the number of teeth lost increased. Conclusion Tooth loss is a risk factor for the occurrence of esophageal cancer in this natural village. When the number of teeth lost is less than 12, the risk of esophageal cancer increases with the number of teeth lost.

Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, posing a great threat to human health and life. Despite the tremendous progress in understanding the origin and molecular characterization of hepatocellular carcinoma, there are still few therapeutic options that can significantly increase the survival rate and improve the quality of life of patients. Protein post-translational modifications (PTMs) are regulatory mechanisms for protein activity, localization, expression, and interactions with other cellular molecules that induce changes in protein properties and functions. More and more studies have demonstrated that PTMs and immunotherapy play an important role in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma, even in the immunosurveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma and the treatment and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma patients. Traditional types of PTMs include phosphorylation, glycosylation, methylation, and ubiquitination. Phosphorylation affects cancer development and progression by regulating tumor cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis, and inhibiting apoptosis. There are two main types of glycosylation: O-glycosylation andN-glycosylation. Abnormal glycosylation not only promotes the proliferation and metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells, but also plays an important role in immune recognition and immune escape. Common methylation modifications include DNA methylation, RNA methylation and histone methylation. Among them, histone methylation, as an important epigenetic regulatory mechanism, is of great theoretical and practical significance for understanding the mechanism of hepatocellular carcinoma as well as carrying out the corresponding prevention and immunotherapy. Ubiquitination plays an important role in the localization, metabolism, function, regulation and degradation of proteins, and it is regulated at different levels by ubiquitin-activating enzyme (E1), ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E2), ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (E3), and a series of deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) and is closely related to hepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapy. This paper begins with a brief overview of the importance of PTMs of proteins, discusses the importance of these traditional types of PTMs in hepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapy, and summarizes the most recent applications of these approaches in hepatocellular carcinoma in order to explore the mechanism of action of PTMs in hepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapy. Then, we summarize the finding that programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is associated with a variety of conventional types of PTMs, that in-depth study of the mechanisms regulating PD-L1 expression in tumor cells is expected to improve therapeutic efficacy, and that targeting PD-L1 in PTMs is expected to be a new field for exploring hepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapy in the future. Finally, we discuss the current status of research on PTMs for hepatocellular carcinoma immunotherapy and provide new insights and future research directions. In addition to the traditional types of PTMs, multiple novel PTMs have also been identified in published research reports, while the relationship between novel PTMs and hepatocellular carcinoma and the types of PTMs to other undiscovered proteins are still poorly understood, and future research will be focused on a more comprehensive knowledge and understanding of PTMs as well as on exploring new types and mechanisms of PTMs. Overall, further investigation of the role of PTMs in tumor immunity could help to discover new biomarkers and to develop more effective and personalized cancer immunotherapies and targeted therapies, expanding our understanding of cancer biology.

Objective:Three occupational health risk assessment methods were used to assess the occupational health risk of noise exposed posts in an automobile manufacturing enterprise. According to the results, the selection of risk assessment methods and risk management of such occupational noise enterprises were provided.Methods:Form April to November 2021, The occupational health field survey was carried out in an automobile manufacturing industry in Tianjin. The occupational health MES risk assessment method, occupational health risk index risk assessment method and Australian occupational hazard risk assessment method were used to evaluate the occupational health risk of noise-exposed posts in this enterprise, and the evaluation results of different methods were analyzed and compared.Results:The average value of LAeq, 8 h in the four workshops of automobile manufacturing industry was 82.95 dB (A) , and the noise detection exceeding rate was 22.41% (26/116) . The LAeq, 8h and exceeding rate noise of welding workshop were higher than those of other workshops (χ 2=23.56, 32.94, P<0.01) . The three occupational health risk assessment methods have the same risk assessment results for the four major workshops. The assembly and painting workshops are level 4 risk (possible risk) , and the stamping and welding workshops are level 3 risk (significant risk) . Conclusion:Occupational noise has certain potential hazards to workers in automobile manufacturing enterprises. Therefore, in the future work, corresponding organizational management measures should be taken to improve the working environment and reduce the actual exposure level of workers in order to protect the health of occupational workers.

Objective:Three occupational health risk assessment methods were used to assess the occupational health risk of noise exposed posts in an automobile manufacturing enterprise. According to the results, the selection of risk assessment methods and risk management of such occupational noise enterprises were provided.Methods:Form April to November 2021, The occupational health field survey was carried out in an automobile manufacturing industry in Tianjin. The occupational health MES risk assessment method, occupational health risk index risk assessment method and Australian occupational hazard risk assessment method were used to evaluate the occupational health risk of noise-exposed posts in this enterprise, and the evaluation results of different methods were analyzed and compared.Results:The average value of LAeq, 8 h in the four workshops of automobile manufacturing industry was 82.95 dB (A) , and the noise detection exceeding rate was 22.41% (26/116) . The LAeq, 8h and exceeding rate noise of welding workshop were higher than those of other workshops (χ 2=23.56, 32.94, P<0.01) . The three occupational health risk assessment methods have the same risk assessment results for the four major workshops. The assembly and painting workshops are level 4 risk (possible risk) , and the stamping and welding workshops are level 3 risk (significant risk) . Conclusion:Occupational noise has certain potential hazards to workers in automobile manufacturing enterprises. Therefore, in the future work, corresponding organizational management measures should be taken to improve the working environment and reduce the actual exposure level of workers in order to protect the health of occupational workers.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

Objective:To observe the genetic variation of SH2B3 in patients with myeloid neoplasms.Methods:The results of targeted DNA sequencing associated with myeloid neoplasms in the Department of Hematology,Xuanwu Hospital,Capital Medical University from November 2017 to November 2022 were retrospectively analyzed,and the patients with SH2B3 gene mutations were identified.The demographic and clinical data of these patients were collected,and characteristics of SH2B3 gene mutation,co-mutated genes and their correlations with diseases were analyzed.Results:The sequencing results were obtained from 1 005 patients,in which 19 patients were detected with SH2B3 gene mutation,including 18 missense mutations(94.74％),1 nonsense mutation(5.26％),and 10 patients with co-mutated genes(52.63％).Variant allele frequency(VAF)ranged from 0.03 to 0.66.The highest frequency mutation was p.Ile568Thr(5/19,26.32％),with an average VAF of 0.49,involving 1 case of MDS/MPN-RS(with SF3B1 mutation),1 case of MDS-U(with SF3B1 mutation),1 case of aplastic anemia with PNH clone(with PIGA and KMT2A mutations),2 cases of MDS-MLD(1 case with SETBP1 mutation).The other mutations included p.Ala567Thr in 2 cases(10.53％),p.Arg566Trp,p.Glu533Lys,p.Met437Arg,p.Arg425Cys,p.Glu314Lys,p.Arg308*,p.Gln294Glu,p.Arg282Gln,p.Arg175Gln,p.Gly86Cys,p.His55Asn and p.Gln54Pro in 1 case each.Conclusion:A wide distribution of genetic mutation sites and low recurrence of SH2B3 is observed in myeloid neoplasms,among of them,p.Ile568Thr mutation is detected with a higher incidence and often coexists with characteristic mutations of other diseases.

Objective To investigate the incidence rate,clinical characteristics,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen,China.Methods Led by Shenzhen Children's Hospital,the Shenzhen Neonatal Data Collaboration Network organized 21 institutions to collect 36 cases of neonatal stroke from January 2020 to December 2022.The incidence,clinical characteristics,treatment,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen were analyzed.Results The incidence rate of neonatal stroke in 21 hospitals from 2020 to 2022 was 1/15 137,1/6 060,and 1/7 704,respectively.Ischemic stroke accounted for 75％(27/36);boys accounted for 64％(23/36).Among the 36 neonates,31(86％)had disease onset within 3 days after birth,and 19(53％)had convulsion as the initial presentation.Cerebral MRI showed that 22 neonates(61％)had left cerebral infarction and 13(36％)had basal ganglia infarction.Magnetic resonance angiography was performed for 12 neonates,among whom 9(75％)had involvement of the middle cerebral artery.Electroencephalography was performed for 29 neonates,with sharp waves in 21 neonates(72％)and seizures in 10 neonates(34％).Symptomatic/supportive treatment varied across different hospitals.Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment was performed for 12 neonates(33％,12/36),with a mean score of(32±4)points.The prognosis of 27 neonates was followed up to around 12 months of age,with 44％(12/27)of the neonates having a good prognosis.Conclusions Ischemic stroke is the main type of neonatal stroke,often with convulsions as the initial presentation,involvement of the middle cerebral artery,sharp waves on electroencephalography,and a relatively low neurodevelopment score.Symptomatic/supportive treatment is the main treatment method,and some neonates tend to have a poor prognosis.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the methodological quality and reporting quality of randomized controlled tri-als(RCT)on the treatment of BPH with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),in order to provide some methodological reference for clinical practice and research.Methods:We searched CNKI,VIP,Wanfang Data and PubMed for RCTs on the treatment of BPH with TCM published in China from January 2013 to November 2023.Two researchers screened the literature separately,and evaluated the methodological and reporting quality of the RCTs based on the Cochrane bias risk assessment tool and CONSORT TCM compound.Results:Totally,88 RCTs were included in this study.In terms of methodological quality,according to the Cochrane bias risk assess-ment tool,27 biases in the process of randomization were identified as of low-risk and the other 61 of a certain risk.Among the alloca-tion-related biases deviating from the established interventions,76 were of low risk,10 of a certain risk and 2 of high risk;among the compliance-related biases deviating from the established interventions,76 were of low risk and 12 of a certain risk;among the biases due to missing outcome data,86 were of low risk and 2 of a certain risk,while all the biases due to outcome measurement were of low risk;and among the biases from selective reporting,65 were of low-risk,2 of a certain risk and 21 of high-risk.In terms of reporting quality,according to the evaluation criteria of consort TCM compound,appropriate key words were used in 1 RCT(0.01％),the ran-dom assignment sequence method described in 27(30.68％),the details of assignment limitation given in 5(5.68％),assignment concealment mentioned in 3(3.41％),the blind method and assignment concealment employed in 3(3.41％),fall-offs recorded in 10(11.36％),adverse events reported in 38(43.18％),and limitations of the trials analyzed in 18(20.45％).All the RCTs lacked complete intervention measures,subject flow chart,clinical trial registration and research schemes.Conclusion:At present,the methodological quality and reporting quality of RCTs on the treatment of BPH with TCM are generally low,with the main problems of incomplete experimental designs,lack of detailed description of randomized and blind methods,and insufficient TCM symptom eval-uation of outcome indicators.Researchers should be cautious in adopting and applying the results reported,follow the CONSORT state-ment in design,registration,implement and reporting of the scheme,fully consider the clinical characteristics of TCM in the treatment of BPH,and reasonably design and report the evaluation indicators.

Objective:To evaluate the potential causal relationship between inflammatory factors and PCa using the two-sample Mendelian randomization(MR)method.Methods:We selected summary statistics of genome-wide association studies(GWAS)(n=14 824)on 91 inflammatory factors,with PCa as the outcome in the latest 9th edition of FinnGen database for MR analysis.We evaluated the causal relationship between inflammatory factors and PCa using the odds ratio(OR)and 95%confidence interval(CI)of such regression models as inverse variance weighting(IVW),MR-Egger regression,simple mode(SM),weighted mode(WM)and weighted median estimator(WME),with IVW as the main statistical method for this study.We further verified the results of MR by Bayesian analysis,and evaluated the heterogeneity of genetic instrumental variables,pleiotropic effects and sensitivity of single nu-cleotide polymorphisms(SNP)as instrumental variables to the exposure-outcome relationship by Cochran's Q test,MR-Egger intercept test and leave-one-out cross validation.Results:IVW showed that among the 91 inflammatory factors,interleukin-22 receptor A1(IL-22RA1)and sulfotransferase 1A1(ST1A1)were correlated positively with the risk of PCa;IL-22RA1:IVW(OR[95%CI]:1.12[1.00-1.25],P=0.04);ST1A1:IVW(OR[95%CI]:1.08(1.00-1.16),P=0.03),while Chemokine ligand 11(CXCL11)and interleukin 17 A(IL-17 A)negatively with the risk of PCa;CXCL11:IVW(OR[95%CI]:0.88[0.81-0.95],P=0.00);IL-17A:IVW(OR[95%CI]:0.91[0.84-0.98],P=0.02).No potential horizontal pleiotropy was detected by MR-Egger intercept analysis(P>0.05,IL-22RA1=0.885,ST1A1=0.949,CXCL11=0.391,IL-17A=0.884),nor biased SNPs in the MR pleiotropy residual sum and outlier(MR-PRESSO)test(P>0.05,IL-22RA1=0.479,ST1A1=0.629,CXCL11=0.326,IL-17A=0.444),or heterogeneity P>0.05,IL-22RA1=0.543,ST1A1=0.677,CXCL11=0.336,IL-17A=0.494).Leave-one-out sensitivity analysis indicated no significant impact of individual SNP sites on the overall causal rela-tionship prediction,suggesting the reliable results of analysis.Conclusion:Among the 91 inflammatory factors,IL-22RA1 and ST1A1 have a positive causal relationship,while CXCL11 and IL-17A have a negative causal relationship with PCa.

Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) accounts for about half of the number of patients with heart failure. In addition to the typical features of heart failure such as myocardial stiffness and diastolic function impairment, the key characteristic of HFpEF is the normal left ventricular ejection fraction, which increases the difficulty of clinical diagnosis. QiShenYiQi Dripping Pills (QSYQ) is a standardized traditional Chinese medicine approved by the China Food and Drug Administration (CFDA), and many clinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of QSYQ in the treatment of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, but the role of QSYQ in HFpEF has not been clarified. In this paper, high fat diet (HFD) and drinking water containing N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 0.5 g·L^-1, pH=7.4) were used in C57BL/6N male mice to construct the classical HFpEF model (the experiment was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Hefei University of Technology, the approval number is HFUT20220921002), and at the 8^th week, the mice were dosed with ① empagliflozin, ② low-dose QSYQ (LQ), ③ high-dose QSYQ (HQ), ④ empagliflozin plus low-dose QSYQ (ELQ) for 4 weeks, the body weight of the mice was recorded during the experiment, echocardiography, blood pressure and glucose tolerance were detected and the exercise capacity of mice was evaluated, and pathological and biochemical experiments were used to detect cardiac fibrosis, liver fibrosis and serum biochemical indexes in mice, RNAseq assay was performed with mice heart tissues. The results showed that QSYQ as well as QSYQ+empagliflozin could significantly reduce the body weight, improve diastolic function and hypertension, improve glucose tolerance and enhance exercise ability of HFpEF mice. At the biochemical and molecular levels, QSYQ and QSYQ+empagliflozin can reduce the cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes and reduce cardiac collagen contents, thereby alleviating myocardial hypertrophy and fibrotic phenotypes, and improve metabolic disorders. The RNAseq results suggest that the function of QSYQ in improving HFpEF may be related to calsequestrin 1. In conclusion, this study shows that QSYQ and QSYQ+empagliflozin can significantly improve HFpEF-related cardiac dysfunction and metabolic disorders, which provides a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of HFpEF.