Aim To investigate the effect of benzyl iso-thiocyanate (BITC) on the proliferation of mouse U14 cervical cancer cells and to explore the mechanism of cytotoxicity based on transcriptomic data analysis. Methods The effect of BITC on U14 cell activity was detected by MTT, nuclear morphological changes were observed by Hochest 33258 and fluorescent inverted microscope, cell cycle and apoptosis were determined by flow cytometry, and the transcriptome database of U14 cells before and after BITC (20 μmol · L

By consulting the ancient and modern literature， the textual research of Pharbitidis Semen has been conducted to clarify the name， origin， distribution of production areas， quality specification， harvesting， processing and so on， so as to provide reference for the development and utilization of the relevant famous classical formulas. Through textual research， it can be seen that Pharbitidis Semen was first published in Mingyi Bielu（《名医别录》）， and all dynasties have taken Qianniuzi as the correct name. Based on the original research， the main source of Pharbitidis Semen used in previous dynasties is the dried mature seeds of Pharbitis nil， which is consistent in ancient and modern times. The white Pharbitidis Semen appearing in Compendium of Materia Medica（《本草纲目》） from Ming dynasty is similar to the present P. purpurea. It is produced all over the country， and the quality is better if the particles are full and free of impurities. In ancient times， the harvesting time was mostly in the September. Now it is autumn. The fruits are ripe and harvested， dried to remove impurities for standby. In ancient times， the processing methods of Pharbitidis Semen were mainly wine steaming， steaming and frying until half cooked and grinding the head and end. In modern times， they have been simplified to stir-frying method. The nature， taste， meridian tropism and their effects also change supplements with the deepening of practice. Before the Ming dynasty， they were all bitter， cold and toxic. In the Ming dynasty， there appeared the characteristics of pungent， hot and small poisonous. The efficacy has evolved from controlling low Qi， curing foot edema， removing wind toxin， and facilitating urination to facilitating water and defecation， eliminating phlegm and drinking， and eliminating accumulated insects. The main clinical contraindications are those with weak spleen and kidney， those with weak spleen and stomach， pregnant women， and should not be used with croton and croton cream. Based on the textual research， it is suggested that when developing the classic famous formula with Pharbitidis Semen as the main raw material in the future， it is clear that the source should be the dried mature seeds of Pharbitis nil（black product is its black-brown seeds， white product is its beige seeds）. The processing requirements indicated in the original formula are all processed according to the requirements， and the raw product is recommended to be used as medicine if not specified.

Objective:To analyze the value of the modified 5-factor frailty index in assessing postoperative complications and mortality in elderly hip fracture patients.Methods:In this retrospective study, clinical data were collected of hip fracture patients aged 60 years and above surgically treated at Beijing Luhe Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University between January 2015 and December 2019.Patients' group assignment was based on whether the modified frailty index score was ≤1 or ≥2, and a post-surgery follow-up was conducted for survival at 30 days, 1 year, 2 years, and 4 years, which was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method.Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to identify factors affecting death in elderly patients.Results:A total of 1 208 patients were included, with 890 in the group with the index score ≤1 and 318 in the group with the index score ≥2.There was no difference in mortality at 30 days(1.6% or 14/890 vs.1.9% or 6/318, P=0.707), 1-year(11.3% or 99/874 vs.11.6% or 36/310, P=0.917), 2-years(19.7% or 168/852 vs.24.3% or 73/300, P=0.099)and 4-years(44.0% or 238/541 vs.51.5% or 106/206, P=0.071). The incidence of postoperative complications in the group with the score ≥2 was higher(14.8% or 47/318 vs.9.7% or 86/890, P=0.012), including the incidence of stroke(6.3% or 20/318 vs.1.8% or 16/890, P<0.001)and the incidence of postoperative pneumonia(6.0% or 19/318 vs.3.1% or 28/890, P=0.029), and the differences were statistically significant.Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that age, being female, the Charlson comorbidity index score and low hemoglobin at admission were risk factors for 1-year, 2-year and 4-year mortality post-surgery(all P<0.05), while the modified frailty index score had no correlation with postoperative mortality. Conclusions:A modified frailty index ≥2 is predictive of increased risk of postoperative pneumonia and stroke in patients with hip fractures, but is not correlated with the risk of postoperative mortality.

Objective To predict the potential suitable growth areas of Epimedium brevicornu Maxim.under current climate conditions in China;To provide basis for the sustainable utilization of Epimedium brevicornu Maxim.resources and production planning.Methods Based on 267 screened species distribution data of Epimedium brevicornu Maxim.and 8 environmental factors,the MaxEnt parameters were optimized by the R language kuenm package.The main environmental factors that affect the distribution of Epimedium brevicornu Maxim.was analyzed and its potential distribution range was predicted.Results The omission rate of the optimal model operation results was 0.044 8,AICc=6 409.884 5,AUC=0.986,indicating a high accuracy of the model.Based on the contribution rate of environmental factors and the knife cut method,it was indicated that the key environmental factors affecting the current distribution of Epimedium brevicornu Maxim.were mainly the average precipitation in July,the average highest temperature in February,the average precipitation in September,the coldest season precipitation,the coefficient of variation of precipitation,the standard deviation of seasonal temperature changes,and the warmest season precipitation.The simulation results showed that the total suitable area for Epimedium brevicornu Maxim.in China under current climate conditions was approximately 221.14×104 km2,concentrated in the central and central southern regions of China.The area of the high suitability zone was approximately 23.13×104 km2;the area of the suitable growth zone was approximately 73.78×104 km2;the area of low suitability zone was approximately 124.22×104 km2.Conclusion This study provides a basis and reference for the artificial cultivation planning and sustainable utilization of Epimedium brevicornu Maxim.resources.

Endodontic diseases are a kind of chronic infectious oral disease.Common endodontic treatment concepts are based on the removal of inflamed or necrotic pulp tissue and the replacement by gutta-percha.However,it is very essential for endodontic treatment to debride the root canal system and prevent the root canal system from bacterial reinfection after root canal therapy(RCT).Recent research,encompassing bacterial etiology and advanced imaging techniques,contributes to our understanding of the root canal system's anatomy intricacies and the technique sensitivity of RCT.Success in RCT hinges on factors like patients,infection severity,root canal anatomy,and treatment techniques.Therefore,improving disease management is a key issue to combat endodontic diseases and cure periapical lesions.The clinical difficulty assessment system of RCT is established based on patient conditions,tooth conditions,root canal configuration,and root canal needing retreatment,and emphasizes pre-treatment risk assessment for optimal outcomes.The findings suggest that the presence of risk factors may correlate with the challenge of achieving the high standard required for RCT.These insights contribute not only to improve education but also aid practitioners in treatment planning and referral decision-making within the field of endodontics.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Guhuaisi Kangfu Pills on rats with steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head(SONFH).Methods Sixty rats were randomly divided into blank group,model group,Xianling Gubao Capsules group and Guhuaisi Kangfu Pills low-,medium-and high-dose groups,10 rats in each group.Except for the blank group,the SONFH model was established by lipopolysaccharide combined with Glucocorticoid induction method in all other groups of rats.At the end of the intervention,for the femoral head,blood vessel radiography was performed to observe the microvascular changes in the bone marrow,and hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and calculation of the empty bone trap rate,Micro-CT scanning analysis,and compression experiments were carried out,and the real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction(RT-qPCR)was used to detect the gene expressions of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K),protein kinase B(Akt)1,vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule 1(CD31)in whole blood.Results Compared with the blank group,the blood supply in the femoral head medullary cavity of the model group was poor,the empty bone lacuna rate was increased(P＜0.05),the bone mineral density and bone volume fraction were significantly decreased(P＜0.05),the maximum load and elastic modulus of the femoral head were decreased(P＜0.05),and the mRNA expression levels of Akt1,PI3K,VEGF and CD31 in whole blood were decreased(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the blood supply in the femoral head medullary cavity was relatively good,the empty bone lacuna rate was decreased(P＜0.05),the bone mineral density,bone volume fraction,trabecular number and trabecular thickness were significantly increased(P＜0.05),the trabecular separation was significantly decreased(P＜0.05),the maximum load and elastic modulus of the femoral head were increased(P＜0.05),and the mRNA expression levels of Akt1,PI3K,VEGF and CD31 in the whole blood were increased(P＜0.05)in the high-dose group of Guhuaisi Kangfu Pills and Xianling Gubao Capsules group.There was no significant difference in the above indexes between the high-dose group of Guhuaisi Kangfu Pills and the Xianling Gubao Capsules group(P＞0.05).Conclusion Guhuaisi Kangfu Pills improves SONFH in rats,and its mechanism is related to the promotion of VEGF/PI3K/Akt pathway gene expression,thereby promoting angiogenesis.

Objective To investigate the relationship between appendicular skeletal muscle composition(muscle mass and muscle index)and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c)level in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)patients.Methods A total of 459 adult T2DM patients hospitalized in the Department of Endocrinology,Tangdu Hospital of Air Force Medical University from April 2021 to June 2022 were selected as the research objects.Bioelectrical impedance analysis was used to evaluate the body composition of the patients.The patients were divided into two groups according to HbA1c level:standard glycation group(HbA1c≤7.0%,n=145)and unqualified glycation group(HbA1c>7.0%,n=314).The two groups'general data,biochemical indexes,muscle content,fat content and other body composition were analyzed.Spearman correlation analysis and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the relationship between body composition and glycemic control in type 2 diabetic patients.Results The appendicular skeletal muscle mass and its index(ASMI)of the patients in the standard glycation group were better than those in the unqualified glycation group(P<0.05).However,there were no significant differences in gender,history of antidiabetic drugs and body fat(body fat content,limb fat content and visceral fat content)between the two groups(P>0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that appendicular skeletal muscle mass and its index were negatively correlated with HbA1c(r=-0.158,P=0.001;r=-0.187,P<0.001).Logistic regression analysis showed that upper limb skeletal muscle mass(OR=3.570,95%CI 2.293-5.559)and lower limb skeletal muscle mass(OR=1.297,95%CI 1.146-1.468)were independent protective factors for achieving glycation standard in HbA1c group.Conclusions The skeletal muscle mass of limbs is a protective factor for reaching the standard of HbA1c.With the increase of skeletal muscle mass of limbs,the level of HbA1c gradually decreases.Among them,the increase of upper limb muscle mass has a stronger correlation with reaching the standard of HbA1c.

Objective To investigate the incidence rate,clinical characteristics,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen,China.Methods Led by Shenzhen Children's Hospital,the Shenzhen Neonatal Data Collaboration Network organized 21 institutions to collect 36 cases of neonatal stroke from January 2020 to December 2022.The incidence,clinical characteristics,treatment,and prognosis of neonatal stroke in Shenzhen were analyzed.Results The incidence rate of neonatal stroke in 21 hospitals from 2020 to 2022 was 1/15 137,1/6 060,and 1/7 704,respectively.Ischemic stroke accounted for 75％(27/36);boys accounted for 64％(23/36).Among the 36 neonates,31(86％)had disease onset within 3 days after birth,and 19(53％)had convulsion as the initial presentation.Cerebral MRI showed that 22 neonates(61％)had left cerebral infarction and 13(36％)had basal ganglia infarction.Magnetic resonance angiography was performed for 12 neonates,among whom 9(75％)had involvement of the middle cerebral artery.Electroencephalography was performed for 29 neonates,with sharp waves in 21 neonates(72％)and seizures in 10 neonates(34％).Symptomatic/supportive treatment varied across different hospitals.Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment was performed for 12 neonates(33％,12/36),with a mean score of(32±4)points.The prognosis of 27 neonates was followed up to around 12 months of age,with 44％(12/27)of the neonates having a good prognosis.Conclusions Ischemic stroke is the main type of neonatal stroke,often with convulsions as the initial presentation,involvement of the middle cerebral artery,sharp waves on electroencephalography,and a relatively low neurodevelopment score.Symptomatic/supportive treatment is the main treatment method,and some neonates tend to have a poor prognosis.

Objective To monitor the antifungal resistance of clinical isolates of Candida spp.in the East China region.Methods MALDI-TOF MS or molecular methods were used to re-identify the strains collected from January 2018 to December 2022.Antifungal susceptibility testing was performed using the broth microdilution method.The susceptibility test results were interpreted according to the breakpoints of 2022 Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute(CLSI)documents M27 M44s-Ed3 and M57s-Ed4.Results A total of 3 026 strains of Candida were collected,65.33％of which were isolated from sterile body sites,mainly from blood(38.86％)and pleural effusion/ascites(10.21％).The predominant species of Candida were Candida albicans(44.51％),followed by Candida parapsilosis complex(19.46％),Candida tropicalis(13.98％),Candida glabrata(10.34％),and other Candida species(0.79％).Candida albicans showed overall high susceptibility rates to the 10 antifungal drugs tested(the lowest rate being 93.62％).Only 2.97％of the strains showed dose-dependent susceptibility(SDD)to fluconazole.Candida parapsilosis complex had a SDD rate of 2.61％and a resistance rate of 9.42％to fluconazole,and susceptibility rates above 90％to other drugs.Candida glabrata had a SDD rate of 92.01％and a resistance rate of 7.99％to fluconazole,resistance rates of 32.27％and 48.24％to posaconazole and voriconazole non-wild-type strains(NWT),respectively,and susceptibility rates above 90％to other drugs.Candida tropicalis had resistance rates of 29.55％and 26.24％to fluconazole and voriconazole,respectively,resistance rates of 76.60％and 21.99％to posaconazole and echinocandins non-wild-type strains(NWT),and a resistance rate of 2.36％to echinocandins.Conclusions The prevalence and species distribution of Candida spp.in the East China region are consistent with previous domestic and international reports.Candida glabrata exhibits certain degree of resistance to fluconazole,while Candida tropicalis demonstrates higher resistance to triazole drugs.Additionally,echinocandins resistance has emerged in Candida albicans,Candida glabrata,Candida tropicalis,and Candida parapsilosis.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.