To comprehensively assess the true visual function of clinical dry eye patients and the comprehensive impact of blinking characteristics on functional vision of the human eye,an intelligent vision measurement system has been designed and developed to detect and analyze blinks from the side.The system employs deep learning keypoint recognition technology to analyze eyelid features from a lateral perspective.It presents the data of identified key points for the upper and lower eyelids in a line chart format and annotates the trough of each blink.By setting benchmark values,the system automatically calculates the proportion of complete and incomplete blinks in the tested individuals.The results indicate that the system is stable in performance and accurate in measurement,successfully achieving the anticipated design objectives.It thereby provides reliable technical support for future clinical applications.

Single-cell RNA sequencing technology takes a single cell as research object,counts and analyzes the gene expres-sion level of each transcript and heterogeneity between cells.This technology makes up for the defects of traditional sequencing techno-logy to some extent.Autoimmune disease is the damage or dysfunction of autotissue cells caused by autoimmune tolerance or abnormal regulation of autoimmunity cells.In this paper,the research results on application of single-cell RNA sequencing technology in autoim-mune disease in recent years are reviewed,which provides valuable clues for early realization of precise medical treatment.

Vitamin D adjusts the body′s absorption and utilization of calciumand phosphorus. Vitamin D deficiency is closely related to incidence of many disease. Several disorders,both systemic and those of the nerv-ous system,have been linked with vitamin D deficiency. Neurological disorders with a vitamin D link include but are not limited to multiple sclerosis,Alzheimer and Parkinson disease,as well as cerebrovascular disorders. In re-cent years,studies have found that the vitamin D may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of epilepsy and pos-sess certain anticonvulsant effects. This article summarized the role of vitamin D in the nervous system and epi-lepsy,the level of serum vitamin D and the correlation of the polymorphism of its receptor genes with epilepsy. The review also summarizes the interaction between antiepileptic drugs and vitamin D.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of inflammatory molecule CD40 in the pallium and hippocampus of rats after status epilepticus (SE).
 METHODS: The expression of CD40 in the pallium, the different areas of hippocampus and the different cells from the lithium-pilocarpine epileptic rats at different time points were examined by immunohistochemistry and double-immunofluorescent labeling.
 RESULTS: After SE, CD40 expression was obviously inhibited, especially in hippocampus. CD40 was mainly expressed in the activated microglia. CD40 positive cells reached a peak at the 3rd day and returned to a slightly higher level at the 7th day after SE compared with the level before SE.
 CONCLUSION Elevation of CD40 expression in the activated microglia can promote inflammatory injury of rat's hippocampus, suggesting that CD40 induced-signal pathway is involved in inflammatory injury in the hippocampus after SE.
Animals ; CD40 Antigens ; metabolism ; Epilepsy ; Hippocampus ; metabolism ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lithium ; Microglia ; metabolism ; Pilocarpine ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Status Epilepticus

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of erythropoietin (EPO) on the activities of antioxidant enzymes, namely catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the brain tissues of aged rats.

METHODSThirty SD rats were randomly divided into normal control, aging model, and recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) treatment groups (n=10). Morris water maze was used to compare the behavioral indexes. The rats were then sacrificed to observe Nissl bodies in the hippocampal neurons with Nissl staining and test the activities of CAT and GSH-Px in the brain tissues.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, the aging rats showed significantly deteriorated learning and memory abilities (P<0.05), which were improved obviously by rhEPO treatment (P<0.05). The number of Nissl bodies in the neurons was reduced in the aging rats compared with that in the control group, and rhEPO treatment increased the number of Nissle bodies but failed to restore the control level. The aging rats also showed significantly lowered activities of CAT and GSH-Px in the brain tissue (P<0.05), which were increased significantly after rhEPO treatment (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONEPO can enhance the activities of the antioxidant enzymes in the brain tissues of aged rats to increase the antioxidant capacity and produces an anti-aging effect.

Aging ; Animals ; Brain ; enzymology ; Catalase ; metabolism ; Epoetin Alfa ; Erythropoietin ; pharmacology ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Learning ; drug effects ; Male ; Memory ; drug effects ; Nissl Bodies ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Recombinant Proteins ; pharmacology

Objective To study the effect of erythropoietin (EPO) on the activities of antioxidant enzymes, namely catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the brain tissues of aged rats. Methods Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into normal control, aging model, and recombinant human erthropoietin (rhEPO) treatment groups (n=10). Morris water maze was used to compare the behavioral indexes. The rats were then sacrificed to observe Nissl bodies in the hippocampal neurons with Nissl staining and test the activities of CAT and GSH-Px in the brain tissues. Results Compared with the control group, the aging rats showed significantly deteriorated learning and memory abilities (P<0.05), which were improved obviously by rhEPO treatment (P<0.05). The number of Nissl bodies in the neurons was reduced in the aging rats compared with that in the control group, and rhEPO treatment increased the number of Nissle bodies but failed to restore the control level. The aging rats also showed significantly lowered activities of CAT and GSH-Px in the brain tissue (P<0.05), which were increased significantly after rhEPO treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion EPO can enhance the activities of the antioxidant enzymes in the brain tissues of aged rats to increase the antioxidant capacity and produces an anti-aging effect.

Objective To study the effect of erythropoietin (EPO) on the activities of antioxidant enzymes, namely catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the brain tissues of aged rats. Methods Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into normal control, aging model, and recombinant human erthropoietin (rhEPO) treatment groups (n=10). Morris water maze was used to compare the behavioral indexes. The rats were then sacrificed to observe Nissl bodies in the hippocampal neurons with Nissl staining and test the activities of CAT and GSH-Px in the brain tissues. Results Compared with the control group, the aging rats showed significantly deteriorated learning and memory abilities (P<0.05), which were improved obviously by rhEPO treatment (P<0.05). The number of Nissl bodies in the neurons was reduced in the aging rats compared with that in the control group, and rhEPO treatment increased the number of Nissle bodies but failed to restore the control level. The aging rats also showed significantly lowered activities of CAT and GSH-Px in the brain tissue (P<0.05), which were increased significantly after rhEPO treatment (P<0.05). Conclusion EPO can enhance the activities of the antioxidant enzymes in the brain tissues of aged rats to increase the antioxidant capacity and produces an anti-aging effect.

This paper introduced the implementing process, characteristics and effects of the web research learning of physiology. Research learning based on Web promoted reform of physiology teaching, enhanced ability of self-study, integration and innovative of students

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of children with cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS), summarize the clinical experience, and improve the awareness,diagnosis and treatment level of CVS.Methods The clinical data and results of long-term follow-up of the children with CVS were collected and analyzed from 1995 to 2009 in our department.Results Forty-six children were enrolled in the study, including 22 boys and 24 girls.Mean onset age was 4.5 years(ranged from 1 to 11 years)and the mean age at final diagnosis was 8.5 years (ranged from 4.5 to 14.5 years).Sixty-six and seventy-four percent of patients had family history of migraine and motional sickness respectively,whereas 83% patients had triggers.The clinical manifestation of CVS was severe episodic vomiting.The episodes had a rapid onset and sudden ending,persisted for several hours to days,and were separated by symptom-free intervals.The incidental symptoms were pallor, lethargy,intractable nausea,abdominal pain,headache,photophobia and dizzy.Twenty-nine patients diagnosed were followed up for 5 years at average.Five patients were treated with valproate,4 with cyproheptadine, 5 with cyproheptadine and valproate,5 with amitriptyline,cyprohep tadine and valproate,and 3 with cyproheptadine and flunarizine.All treated patients recovered mean 10 months(1.5 months to 2 years) years later and displayed the reduced number of episodes or the severity of episodes except 3 patients.Twenty-eight percent (8/29) of patients progressed to migraine headaches.Conclusion CVS is a relatively common disease in children and awareness of the condition should be increased.CVS should be considered when patients had recurrent vomitting and were completely healthy between the two episodes after excluding other pathological conditions.

Objective To investigate blood level of triglyceride(TG)in community residents of urban and rural Beijing.Methods A total of 10 054 community residents were recruited by cluster samphng for investigation using questionnaire,as well as physical examinations and fasting plasma TG determination for diagnosing hypertriglyceridemia,during June to August,2007.Results Median of plasma level of TG of the participants was 1.17 mmol/L,ranging(0.81-1.78)mmoVL Totally,1234 people were diagnosed as borderline hypertriglyceridemia and 15 12 as hypertriglycefidemia.with prevalence of 12.27%and 15.04%,respectively.There was no significant difference in plasma level ofTG between men andwomen[1.16(0.80-1.84)mmol/L vs.1.18(0.81-1.75)mmol/L,P:0.187].Age-adjusted prevalence of borderline hypertriglyceridemia and hypertriglyeeridemia was higher in men than those in women(11.60% vs.10.90%and 20.32% vs.10.88%,respectively),and the same results were obrained in those less than 50 years old,however,reveraw outcomes were got in those more than 50 years old.Plasma level of TG,as well as prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia,were higher in those living in urban areas than those in rural areas[1.31(0.89-1.95)mmol/L vs.1.05(0.73-1.58)mmol/L].Awareness,proportion of people with hyperglycefidemia under treatment and proportion of those with TG under coutrol were 13.95%.35.92%and 38.51%,respectively.Standardized prevalence of borderline hyperglycefidemia and hyperglycefidemia were higher in those with coronary heart disease than those without it(24.79% vs.11.22%and 25.31% vs.15.35%,respectively).Conclusions Awareness,proportion of treatment and proportion of those under control for hyperglyceridemia were all lower in community residents of Beijing.Education and monitoring on hyperglyeeridemia should especially be strengthened for urban residents,women aged more than 50 years,and these with coronary heart disease.