The incidence of osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral fracture (OTLVF) in the elderly is gradually increasing. The kyphotic deformity caused by various factors has become an important characteristic of OTLVF and has received increasing attention. Its clinical manifestations include pain, delayed nerve damage, sagittal imbalance, etc. Currently, the definition and diagnosis of OTLVF with kyphotic deformity in the elderly are still unclear. Although there are many treatment options, they are controversial. Existing guidelines or consensuses pay little attention to this type of fracture with kyphotic deformity. To this end, the Lumbar Education Working Group of the Spine Branch of the Chinese Medicine Education Association and Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Trauma organized the experts in the relevant fields to jointly develop Clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of osteoporotic thoracolumbar vertebral fractures with kyphotic deformity in the elderly ( version 2024), based on evidence-based medical advancements and the principles of scientificity, practicality, and advanced nature, which provided 18 recommendations to standardize the clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage commonly presents in traumatic brain injury patients, and it may lead to complications such as meningitis, ventriculitis, brain abscess, subdural hematoma or tension pneumocephalus. When misdiagnosed or inappropriately treated, traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage may result in severe complications and may be life-threatening. Some traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage has concealed manifestations and is prone to misdiagnosis. Due to different sites and mechanisms of trauma and degree of cerebrospinal fluid leak, treatments for traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage varies greatly. Hence, the Craniocerebral Trauma Professional Group of Neurosurgery Branch of Chinese Medical Association and the Neurological Injury Professional Group of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized relevant experts to formulate the " Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage in adults ( version 2023)" based on existing clinical evidence and experience. The consensus consisted of 16 recommendations, covering the leakage diagnosis, localization, treatments, and intracranial infection prevention, so as to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic cerebrospinal fluid leakage and improve the overall prognosis of the patients.

Spinal cord injury is a severe central nervous system disorder that often results in sensory and motor impairments below the level of injury, accompanied by respiratory failure, gastrointestinal disturbances, and hemodynamic instability. Existing treatment such as early decompression surgery and steroid-based shock therapy has limited effectiveness and can lead to serious complications. Meanwhile, the rehabilitation therapy is costly and can only provide limited functional recovery. Spinal cord stimulation (SCS), by stimulating and regulating residual neurons in the lower spinal cord, can effectively promote motor function recovery in patients with spinal cord injury. The introduction of intelligent precision-assistive technologies can help to create more precise and individualized neuro-regulation and rehabilitation strategies tailored to the severity, segment, and course of spinal cord injury. These strategies, coupled with real-time feedback and continuous algorithm adjustments, enabled remote and secure control of SCS, enhancing the treatment effectiveness and safety for patients with spinal cord injury, which can help to develop more effective rehabilitation intervention plans and further increase the clinical translational value. In this review, the authors summarized the research progress in the application of intelligent precision-assistive technology in SCS for the treatment of spinal cord injury, so as to provide valuable insights for the rehabilitation of SCI.

Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous intervention of children with combined congenital heart abnormality solely guided by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) . Methods: From September 2015 to June 2017, 21 children with combined congenital heart abnormality undergoing percutaneous interventional guided by TTE in Fuwai hospital were enrolled in our study, and the clinical data were retrospective analyzed. The atrial septal defect(ASD) closure, ventricular septal defect(VSD) closure, patent ductus arteriosus(PDA) closure or balloon pulmonary valvuloplasty were performed under the guidance of TTE. The procedural effect was evaluated by TTE after operation. The patients were followed up after discharged from the hospital. Results: The age was (37.3±11.6) months, and there were 9 male and 12 female patients. There were 4 cases with ASD and VSD, 6 cases with VSD and PDA, 6 cases with ASD and PDA, 2 cases with VSD and pulmonary stenosis, 3 cases with ASD and pulmonary stenosis. The operations were successfully performed in all patients. No one required extra X ray guidance or open heart surgery. The operation time was (44.6±7.5)min. All patients did not require blood transfusion, inotropic support, and analgesia. There were no complications such as peripheral vascular injury and pericardialeffusion after the operation. The length of hospital stay time was (3.5±0.6) days. All patients were recovered well. The follow-up was (17.6±5.2) months, and post-procedural conduction disturbances, residual shunts, occlude fall off, thrombosis, and new onset of valvular regurgitation were not observed in these patients. Conclusion Percutaneous interventional of children with combined congenital heart abnormality solely guided by TTE is safe and effective, and the procedure can avoid the potential injuries of X ray and contrast agent.

Objective To understand the influencing factors of sleep in patients with cervical spinal cord injury, and to provide basis for reducing insomnia and improving sleep quality. Methods From November 2016 to January 2017, patients with cervical spinal cord injury who were treated in spinal ward of a Class Ⅲ Grade A hospital were selected as research subjects by purposive sampling method. Qualitative research was conducted with semi-structured interviews with 13 patients with cervical spinal cord injury. The data were analyzed by content analysis. Results Insomnia was significant in patients with cervical spinal cord injury. Factors which affect the sleep factors were post-traumatic stress disorder, psychological burden, insecurity, economic status, physical pain or numbness, seeking comfortable position, pre-injury sleep status. Conclusions The medical staff should pay enough attention to the sleep condition of the patients with cervical spinal cord injury, and provide corresponding education to patients, in order to promote the early recovery of the patients.

In order to study the biological function of pig BST-2 gene,the BST-2 gene was amplified with specific primers from porcine kidney tissue,and molecular characterization of BST-2 nuclectide and amino acid sequence were analyzed with bioinformatics tools and online server.Then the prokaryotic expression and tissue expression profile analysis was carried out.The results showed that the full length of pig BST-2 gene was 851 bp and contained 23 bp of 5'-UTR,294 bp of 3'-UTR and 534 bp of CDS and the gene encoded 177 aa.Amino acid sequence analysis of pig BST-2 protein showed 46.1％ identity with gorilla gorilla,41.7％ with cricetulus griseus,39.5％ with mus musculus,35.4％ with equus asinus,42.0％ with felis catus,40.5％ with bos mutus,44.4％ with macaca mulatta,38.7％ with ovis aries and 46.8％ with homo sapiens.BST-2 protein contained 2 transmembrane structure (27-49 aa and 154-176 aa),2 glycosylation sites and 14 potential phosphorylation sites including ATM,CK Ⅱ,PKA,PKC binding sites.The pig BST-2 protein was expressed in Vero cells after translated the recombinant plasmid FLAG-BST-2.Semiquantitative PCR results showed that BST-2 gene was expressed in all the tissues,especially in lymph nodes,thymus,tonsils,spleen,large intestine and small intestine.This study provide a foundation for further understanding the antiviral mechanism of pig BST-2 protein.

Objective To compare the benefits and harms of cervical disc arthroplasty ( CDA) with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion( ACDF) for symptomatic cervical disc disease at mid? to long?term follow?up? Methods Electronic searches were made in PubMed,EMBASE,and the Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials with at least 48 moths follow?up?Outcomes were reported as relative risk or standardized mean difference?Meta?analysis was carried out using Revman version 5?3 and Stata version 12?0. Results Seven trials were included, involving 2 302 participants?The results of this meta?analysis indicated that CDA brought about fewer secondary surgical procedures,lower neck disability index (NDI) scores,lower neck and arm pain scores,greater SF?36 Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary( MCS) scores,greater range of motion ( ROM) at the operative level and less superior adjacent?segment degeneration ( P<0?05 ) than ACDF?CDA was not statistically different from ACDF in inferior adjacent?segment degeneration,neurological success,and adverse events (P>0?05)? Conclusions CDA can significantly reduce the rates of secondary surgical procedures compared with ACDF?Meanwhile, CDA is superior or equivalent to ACDF in other aspects?As some studies without double?blind are included and some potential biases exites,more randomized controlled trials with high quality are required to get more reliable conclusions.

Objective To compare the benefits and harms of cervical disc arthroplasty ( CDA) with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion( ACDF) for symptomatic cervical disc disease at mid? to long?term follow?up? Methods Electronic searches were made in PubMed,EMBASE,and the Cochrane Library for randomized controlled trials with at least 48 moths follow?up?Outcomes were reported as relative risk or standardized mean difference?Meta?analysis was carried out using Revman version 5?3 and Stata version 12?0. Results Seven trials were included, involving 2 302 participants?The results of this meta?analysis indicated that CDA brought about fewer secondary surgical procedures,lower neck disability index (NDI) scores,lower neck and arm pain scores,greater SF?36 Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary( MCS) scores,greater range of motion ( ROM) at the operative level and less superior adjacent?segment degeneration ( P<0?05 ) than ACDF?CDA was not statistically different from ACDF in inferior adjacent?segment degeneration,neurological success,and adverse events (P>0?05)? Conclusions CDA can significantly reduce the rates of secondary surgical procedures compared with ACDF?Meanwhile, CDA is superior or equivalent to ACDF in other aspects?As some studies without double?blind are included and some potential biases exites,more randomized controlled trials with high quality are required to get more reliable conclusions.

Objective To explore the prevalence of health literacy in China in 2011-2013.Methods The eligible studies were identified by searching China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),Chinese BioMedical Literature Database (CBM),VIP Database for Chinese Technical Periodicals (VIP),Wanfang database,PubMed and Embase.The Meta-analysis was applied with Stata 12.0 software.Subgroup analysis and sensitivity analysis were performed to test the robust of the results.Results A total of 28 studies,including 53 308 residents,were finally included in the review.Meta-analysis revealed the prevalence of health literacy in China to be 16％ (95％CI 15％-16％),and the prevalence of health concepts and knowledge was 25％ (95％CI 25％-26％),and healthy lifestyles and behaviors was 13％ (95％CI 12％-14％),and health skills was 32％ (95％CI 31％-32％).Conclusions The health literacy levels of residents showed a rising trend.There were differences between rural and urban health literacy levels and different regions.Rural residents' health literacy level increased more significantly than that of the city.Due to limited kinds of methods,more scientific and effective methods were needed to evaluate the health literacy.

Objective To investigate the clinical features and characteristics of coronary artery lesion between Hui and Han nationality young pa?tient with acute myocardial infarction(AMI)who were referred to the affiliated hospital of Ningxia Medical University. Methods A total of 189 con?secutive AMI young patients(age≤44 years)who underwent coronary angiography were retrospectively retrieved from the database.Those patients with AMI were divided into Hui group(46 cases)and Han group(143 cases). The clinical features and results of coronary angiogram were com?pared between the two group. Results Compared with Han group,Hui group are more younger than Han group,high prevalence rate of diabetes, lower smoking history and lower drinking history(P<0.05). Coronary angiography showed the incidence of three?vessel lesions was significant low?er in Han group than in Hui group(P<0.05). Both group showed single vessel was the most common lesion. Conclusion Hui nationality patients with acute myocardial infraction are more younger and are are more prone to suffering from diabetes history、lower smoking history and lower drinking history than Han nationality patients. The coronary artery lesions of Hui nationality patients with acute acute myocardial infraction are more three?branch lesions than Han nationality patients.