Background:Following the short-term outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)in December 2022 in China,clinical data on kidney transplant recipients(KTRs)with COVID-19 are lacking.Methods:We conducted a single-center retrospective study to describe the clinical features,complications,and mortality rates of hospitalized KTRs infected with COVID-19 between Dec.16,2022 and Jan.31,2023.The patients were followed up until Mar.31,2023.Results:A total of 324 KTRs with COVID-19 were included.The median age was 49 years.The median time between the onset of symptoms and admission was 13 d.Molnupiravir,azvudine,and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir were administered to 67(20.7%),11(3.4%),and 148(45.7%)patients,respectively.Twenty-nine(9.0%)patients were treated with more than one antiviral agent.Forty-eight(14.8%)patients were treated with tocilizumab and 53(16.4%)patients received baricitinib therapy.The acute kidney injury(AKI)occurred in 81(25.0%)patients and 39(12.0%)patients were admitted to intensive care units.Fungal infections were observed in 55(17.0%)patients.Fifty(15.4%)patients lost their graft.The 28-d mortality rate of patients was 9.0%and 42(13.0%)patients died by the end of follow-up.Multivariate Cox regression analysis identified that cerebrovascular disease,AKI incidence,interleukin(IL)-6 level of>6.8 pg/mL,daily dose of corticosteroids of>50 mg,and fungal infection were all associated with an increased risk of death for hospitalized patients.Conclusions:Our findings demonstrate that hospitalized KTRs with COVID-19 are at high risk of mortality.The administration of immunomodulators or the late application of antiviral drugs does not improve patient survival,while higher doses of corticosteroids may increase the death risk.

Objective To quantify operation characteristics of the ankle rotating-traction-poking manipulation (RTPM) for treating acute lateral ankle sprain by using motion capture technology, so as to provide objective references for standardized operation of RTPM and its education inheritance. Methods A professional physiotherapist performed the RTPM on 60 volunteers with acute lateral ankle sprain. Motion capture system was used to acquire effective kinematic data during the RTPM, so as to make analysis and summarize rules. Results The average time of ankle rotating for six circles was 11.36 s and the average time of ankle traction and poking was 3.42 s. The average displacement of ankle traction was 36.94 mm and the average displacement of ankle poking was 22.44 mm. The average angle of ankle traction was 23.27°, and the average angle of ankle poking was 22.76°. During the RTPM for treating acute lateral ankle sprain, the average linear velocity of ankle rotating was 58.28 mm/s, and the average linear velocity of ankle traction and poking was 23.81 mm/s. The linear acceleration of ankle rotating was 0.43 mm/s2, and the linear acceleration of ankle traction and poking was 0.54 mm/s2. Conclusions The RTPM can be applied in clinical practice. During the RTMP, the principle of gentleness, rhythmicity and continuity should be followed. Under the premise of following physiological characteristics of ankle joint, treatment of the sprained ankle should be carried out with slow and uniform speed continuously.

Rutin,a flavonoid found in fruits and vegetables,is a potential anticancer compound with strong anti-cancer activity.Therefore,electrochemical sensor was developed for the detection of rutin.In this study,CoWO4 nanosheets were synthesized via a hydrothermal method,and porous carbon(PC)was prepared via high-temperature pyrolysis.Successful preparation of the materials was confirmed,and character-ization was performed by transmission electron microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.A mixture of PC and CoWO4 nanosheets was used as an electrode modifier to fabricate the electrochemical sensor for the electrochemical determination of rutin.The 3D CoWO4 nanosheets exhibited high electrocatalytic activity and good stability.PC has a high surface-to-volume ratio and superior conductivity.Moreover,the hydrophobicity of PC allows large amounts of rutin to be adsorbed,thereby increasing the concentration of rutin at the electrode surface.Owing to the syn-ergistic effect of the 3D CoWO4 nanosheets and PC,the developed electrochemical sensor was employed to quantitively determine rutin with high stability and sensitivity.The sensor showed a good linear range(5-5000 ng/mL)with a detection limit of O.45 ng/mL.The developed sensor was successfully applied to the determination of rutin in crushed tablets and human serum samples.

Objective:To compare the effects of laparoscopic and surgical catheterization on catheter-related complications and microinflammation in uremic peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients.Methods:According to different catheterization methods, 98 uremic patients who were scheduled to undergo peritoneal dialysis in the First People's Hospital of Jiande from January 2014 to March 2019 were divided into group A (38 cases), group B (60 cases). Laparoscopic catheterization was used in group A, and incision catheterization was used in group B. Surgical parameters, catheter complications, microinflammation and survival rate of early catheterization were observed in the two groups.Results:The operation time of group A was (35.00±3.14)min, which was shorter than that of group B [(50.00±5.17)min], and the operation cost of group A was (5 800.0±318.9)CNY, which was higher than that of group B [(3 400.0±297.4)CNY], and the visual analogue score (VAS) of group A was (2.33±0.31)points, which was lower than that of group B [(3.25±0.49)points], there were statistically significant differences between the two groups ( t=11.540, 9.317, 10.328, 36.578, all P<0.05). The incidence of catheter-related complications in group A was 10.53%(4/38), which was significantly lower than 28.33%(17/60) in group B (χ 2=4.383, P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6(IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels between group A and group B before catheterization (all P>0.05). After catheterization, the levels of hs-CRP, IL-6 and TNF-alpha in group B were (12.52±3.75)mg/L, (12.02±3.76)ng/L, (15.92±5.72)ng/L, respectively, which were higher than those in group A [(9.63±2.36)mg/L, (9.11±3.54)ng/L, (13.41±5.61)ng/L] ( t=4.244, 4.081, 4.510, all P<0.05). After 2 months of follow-up, the survival rate of dialysis tube technique was 89.47%(34/38) in group A and 71.67%(43/60) in group B, there was statistically significant difference between the two groups (χ 2=4.382, P<0.05). Conclusion:Application of laparoscopic catheterization in uremic PD patients has satisfactory effect, light pain, fewer complications, mild inflammation and high survival rate of early catheterization technology, which is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective: To understand the situation and genotype distribution of spotted fever group rickettsia (SFGR) in the border area of Tumen River Basin in free ticks in Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture (Yanbian Prefecture), Jilin Province. Methods: From April to September, 2017, ticks were collected using flagging method from Hunchun, Tumen, Helong and Longjing cities in the Tumen River basin of Yanbian Prefecture. Outer membrane protein A (ompA) was detected by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), then, the species were identified by gene sequencing and analyzed systematically. The positive rate of pools and MIR(minimum infection rate per 100 ticks,MIR) of SFGR were calculated, and the difference of positive rate of pools among ticks with different characteristics was compared by Chi-square test. Results: A total of 3 079 ticks were collected and divided into 536 pools. The positive rate of pools of SFGR nucleic acid was 39.7% (213 pools). The MIR of SFGR was 6.9%.The positive rate of pools of SFGR in Dermacentor silvarum, Haemaphysalis concinna, Haemaphysalis japonica, Haemaphysalis longicornis and Ixodes persulcatus were 80.4% (41/51), 14.0% (25/179), 20.2% (18/89), 78.9% (101/128) and 25.9% (21/81), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). There was statistical difference in the positive rate of pools of SFGR in developmental stages of ticks (P<0.001); the positive rate of pools of female adults, male adults, nymph and larvae were 36.4% (95/261), 34.2% (67/196), 56.3% (40/71) and 7/8, and the MIR was 7.9%, 7.7%, 4.9% and 3.5%. The five genotype was detected which was Candidatus Rickettsia longicornii, Rickettsia raoultii, Rickettsia heilongjiangensis, Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae,Rickettsia monacensis and have 98%-100% homology with known gene sequences. Candidatus Rickettsia longicornii, Rickettsia raoultii, Rickettsia heilongjiangensis and Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae showed close evolutionary relationship with known specie (have 98%-100% homology with known gene sequences); Rickettsia monacensis showed Far from evolutionary relationship with known species (have 98% homology with known gene sequences). Conclusion SFGR infection of ticks is common in the border areas of the Tumen River Basin. There was high diversity in SFGR species and tick species in the areas surveyed.

Objective To understand the situation and genotype distribution of spotted fever group rickettsia (SFGR) in the border area of Tumen River Basin in free ticks in Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture (Yanbian Prefecture), Jilin Province. Methods From April to September, 2017, ticks were collected using flagging method from Hunchun, Tumen, Helong and Longjing cities in the Tumen River basin of Yanbian Prefecture. Outer membrane protein A (ompA) was detected by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), then, the species were identified by gene sequencing and analyzed systematically. The positive rate of pools and MIR(minimum infection rate per 100 ticks,MIR) of SFGR were calculated, and the difference of positive rate of pools among ticks with different characteristics was compared by Chi?square test. Results A total of 3 079 ticks were collected and divided into 536 pools. The positive rate of pools of SFGR nucleic acid was 39.7% (213 pools). The MIR of SFGR was 6.9%.The positive rate of pools of SFGR in Dermacentor silvarum, Haemaphysalis concinna, Haemaphysalis japonica, Haemaphysalis longicornis and Ixodes persulcatus were 80.4% (41/51), 14.0% (25/179), 20.2% (18/89), 78.9% (101/128) and 25.9% (21/81), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). There was statistical difference in the positive rate of pools of SFGR in developmental stages of ticks (P<0.001); the positive rate of pools of female adults, male adults, nymph and larvae were 36.4% (95/261), 34.2% (67/196), 56.3% (40/71) and 7/8, and the MIR was 7.9%, 7.7%, 4.9% and 3.5%. The five genotype was detected which was Candidatus Rickettsia longicornii, Rickettsia raoultii, Rickettsia heilongjiangensis, Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae,Rickettsia monacensis and have 98%-100% homology with known gene sequences. Candidatus Rickettsia longicornii, Rickettsia raoultii, Rickettsia heilongjiangensis and Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae showed close evolutionary relationship with known specie (have 98%-100% homology with known gene sequences); Rickettsia monacensis showed Far from evolutionary relationship with known species (have 98% homology with known gene sequences). Conclusion SFGR infection of ticks is common in the border areas of the Tumen River Basin. There was high diversity in SFGR species and tick species in the areas surveyed.

Objective To understand the situation and genotype distribution of spotted fever group rickettsia (SFGR) in the border area of Tumen River Basin in free ticks in Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture (Yanbian Prefecture), Jilin Province. Methods From April to September, 2017, ticks were collected using flagging method from Hunchun, Tumen, Helong and Longjing cities in the Tumen River basin of Yanbian Prefecture. Outer membrane protein A (ompA) was detected by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), then, the species were identified by gene sequencing and analyzed systematically. The positive rate of pools and MIR(minimum infection rate per 100 ticks,MIR) of SFGR were calculated, and the difference of positive rate of pools among ticks with different characteristics was compared by Chi?square test. Results A total of 3 079 ticks were collected and divided into 536 pools. The positive rate of pools of SFGR nucleic acid was 39.7% (213 pools). The MIR of SFGR was 6.9%.The positive rate of pools of SFGR in Dermacentor silvarum, Haemaphysalis concinna, Haemaphysalis japonica, Haemaphysalis longicornis and Ixodes persulcatus were 80.4% (41/51), 14.0% (25/179), 20.2% (18/89), 78.9% (101/128) and 25.9% (21/81), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.001). There was statistical difference in the positive rate of pools of SFGR in developmental stages of ticks (P<0.001); the positive rate of pools of female adults, male adults, nymph and larvae were 36.4% (95/261), 34.2% (67/196), 56.3% (40/71) and 7/8, and the MIR was 7.9%, 7.7%, 4.9% and 3.5%. The five genotype was detected which was Candidatus Rickettsia longicornii, Rickettsia raoultii, Rickettsia heilongjiangensis, Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae,Rickettsia monacensis and have 98%-100% homology with known gene sequences. Candidatus Rickettsia longicornii, Rickettsia raoultii, Rickettsia heilongjiangensis and Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae showed close evolutionary relationship with known specie (have 98%-100% homology with known gene sequences); Rickettsia monacensis showed Far from evolutionary relationship with known species (have 98% homology with known gene sequences). Conclusion SFGR infection of ticks is common in the border areas of the Tumen River Basin. There was high diversity in SFGR species and tick species in the areas surveyed.

Background Researches showed that transforming growth factor-β2 (TGF-β2) promotes the activity of human Tenon capsular fibroblasts (TFs),which plays a role in the scarring of filtering blebs after antiglaucoma surgery.However,its mechanism is not fully clear.Lysyl oxidases (LOXs) are important extracellular matrix proteases which can catalyze the cross-linking of collagen and elastin.Investigating the impact of TGF-β2 on the expression of LOXs has a great significance for the understanding of the pathogenesis of filtering bleb scarring and its prevention.Objective This study was to investigate the effect of TGF-β2 on the expression of LOXs in cultured human TFs.Methods The TFs at 4-8 generations were divided into normal control group and different concentrations of TGF-β2 treated-groups,and 100,200,400,800 μ1 of TGF-β2 with the final concentration of 2,4,8 and 16 ng/ml was added into the medium to treat human TFs respectively for 24 hours.The LOXs in the cells were detected by Western blot to determine the optimal dose of TGF-β2.The 4 ng/ml TGF-β2(200 μ1) was used to treat human TFs for 6,12,24 and 48 hours respectively,and the change of LOXs expression in the cells over time was assayed by Western blot.The expression and distribution of LOX protein in the normal cells and TGF-β2-treated cells was detected by using immunofluorescence technique.This study was approved by Daping Hospital of Third Military Medical University Ethic Commission.The guardians of the patients who offered the specimen knew the purpose of the study and signed informed consent.Results Western blot assay showed that the expressions of LOX,LOXL1,LOXL2,LOXL3 and LOXL4 in the cells were gradually elevated from the normal control group and 2,4,8,16 ng/ml TGF-β2-treated groups,showing significant differences among the groups (F =37.338,13.438,31.067,11.767,15.167,all at P＜0.01).The expression of LOXL2 protein in the cells was 0.68±0.07,1.09±0.10,1.32±0.07,1.50± 0.06 and 1.89±0.12 in the normal control group and 6-,12-,24-and 48-hour groups respectively after 4 ng/ml TGF-β2 treatment,with a significant increase over time (F =82.832,P=0.000).The expression of LOX was weak in the normal cultured TFs,while the fluorescence intensity of LOX expression was evidently enhanced in the cytoplasm of the cells in the TGF-β2-treated group.Conclusions TGF-β2 upregulates the expressions of LOXs in human TFs in a dose-and time-dependent manner,which probably offers a basis for the further study on the prevention of filtering bleb scarring after glaucoma surgery.

Objective To establish a simple scoring system for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B (CHB), and to observe its sensitivity and specificity. Methods Two hundred and thirty-three patients diagnosed as CHB by liver biopsy were divided into model group (N = 154) and validation group (N = 79). The general information, biochemical parameters and imaging data of all patients were observed. With hepatic fibrosis being obvious or not as the end point of primary study in the model group, we established a simple scoring system for the diagnosis. The cut-off, sensitivity and specificity of the system were tested in the model group by ROC curve, and its diagnostic efficacy was tested in the validation group. Results(1) A simple scoring system for the diagnosis of liver fibrosis called MDFS was established in the model group, and the dimensions of the system included sex, HBV-DNA, Fibroscan (FS) value and splenomegaly. In MDFS, male, HBV-DNA≥ 107 U/mL,FS value≥7.3 kPa, and splenomegaly were assigned 1 point, -2 points, 3 points, and 2 points respectively. (2) The best cut-off value in MDFS was 2 points.(3) ROC curve of the model group indicated that the specificity and sensitivity were 92.86% and 54.76% respectively, the area under curve(AUC) was 0.790, and the Youden index was 0.4762. In the validation group, the diagnostic cut-off value was over 2 points, and the sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio were 52.17%, 82.35%, 2.96, and 0.58 respectively. (4) The scoring results of MDFS for different traditional Chinese medical syndromes of CHB showed that the scores of blood stasis blocking collaterals > damp-heat accumulation > deficiency of spleen and kidney yang> liver depression and spleen deficiency = stagnation of liver Qi. Conclusion The MDFS diagnostic scoring system has medium efficiency. The specificity of MDFS is relatively high and MDFs has a relatively low misdiagnosis rate for the diagnosis of obvious hepatic fibrosis in CHB. The MDFS is expected to be a noninvasive and simple diagnosing way for hepatic fibrosis in CHB.

Objective To explore the effect of collaborative nursing on the quality of life and nursing of stroke patients. Methods Toally 84 care-givers for 84 stroke patients hospitalized during February 2014 to March 2016 were chosen. In the control group(hospitalized from Feburary 2013 to Feburary 2014), traditional nursing was carried out, while in the research group(hospitalized from March 2014 to March 2016), the collaborative care intervention was done. The comparisons were done between the two groups in terms of quality of life and care ability by the GHQ-28 quality of life scale assessment, family caregiver task inventory (FCTI) before the intervention and 4 weeks after the intervention. Results Before the intervention, the two groups had no significant differences in life quality and care ability (all P > 0.05). After the intervention, the scores on symptoms, anxiety, depression, insomnia and social dysfunction were all significantly higher than those of the control group (all P<0.05). The scores on the care role, strain, assistance, personal emotion control, family assessment and community resources, and adjustment of life to meet the care needs were all significantly lower than those of the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusions The collaborative care is effective in improving the quality of life of stroke patients. It can improve the care ability of the caregiver.