Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features of pulmonary granular cell tumors (pGCTs) and to improve the diagnostic accuracy of the tumor. Methods: A total of 5 pGCTs were diagnosed from February 2016 to January 2022 at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine and Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, China. Immunohistochemical staining, and analysis of the clinicopathological characteristics were performed. Results: The average age of the pGCTs patients was 46 years (ranging from 24 to 54 years), with 3 females and 2 males. One case occurred in the bronchus with multiple nodules in the lung, 2 cases occurred in the bronchial opening, and 2 cases were solitary nodules in the lung. The maximum diameter of the tumors ranged from 12 to 15 mm (mean size 14 mm). Microscopically, the tumor showed infiltrative growth and consisted of round, oval or polygonal cells. Abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm was noted, and the nucleoli were prominent. None of the 5 cases showed any mitosis or necrosis. Immunohistochemical and histochemical study showed positive staining for S-100 (5/5), SOX10 (5/5), Vimentin (5/5), TFE3 (4/5), PAS (3/5), and amylase-digested-PAS (3/5), while 4 cases were negative for CD68. TFE3 FISH analyses on 2 cases showed that no signal abnormality was detected in these 2 cases. The average proliferation index of Ki-67 was 2.2% (range 0-5%). There was no recurrence in 4 cases of pGCTs with a follow-up time ranging from 2 months to 60 months. Conclusions: pGCTs are very rare tumors, most likely originating from Schwann cells. Immunohistochemical staining is the conventional diagnostic tool for pGCTs diagnosis. Recognition of this entity is essential for pathologists to avoid misdiagnosis and unnecessary treatments.
Female ; Humans ; Male ; Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors ; Biomarkers, Tumor ; Bronchi ; China ; Granular Cell Tumor/surgery* ; Lung ; S100 Proteins ; Adult ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVES: To analyze the clinicopathological features of maxillofacial granular cell tumors (GCT) with the aid of immunohistochemical staining. METHODS: Seven cases of maxillofacial GCT were retrospectively collated, and the microscopic morphology of maxillofacial GCT was analyzed. The expression of S-100, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), SOX-10, CD68, actin, desmin, and Ki-67 in GCT was detected by immunohistochemical staining. The cases were observed in the follow-ups after clinical treatment. RESULTS: All seven GCT tumors lacked envelopes and were poorly defined. Microscopically, the sizes of the tumor cells were large and appeared with inconspicuous cell membranes, forming a syncytium-like appearance. The cytoplasm was filled with characteristic eosinophilic granules. The immunohistochemical results showed that six cases were NSE-positive, five cases were S-100-positive, seven cases were CD68-positive, five cases were SOX-10-positive, one case was actin-positive, and seven cases were desmin-negative. The Ki-67 index did not exceed 5% in all cases. In the follow-up sessions, none of the six cases presented a recurrence. CONCLUSIONS Maxillofacial GCT has a characteristic histological structure. Immunohistochemical S-100, CD68, and other indicators can assist in diagnosis, and the prognosis is good after clinical resection.
Humans ; Ki-67 Antigen/metabolism* ; Granular Cell Tumor/surgery* ; Retrospective Studies ; Actins/metabolism* ; Desmin/metabolism* ; S100 Proteins/metabolism*

To provide references for the diagnosis and treatment of congenital granular cell tumor (CGCT), by comprehensive analysis of the clinical data, histopathological and immunohistochemical results. Patients with CGCT were involede, from March 2015 to November 2020, at the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. A total of 6 children, aged 3-16 days, 1 male and 5 female, 5 maxillary and 1 mandibular, with maximum tumor diameter of 6-70 mm, were included. The lesions of CGCT were single and connected to the alveolar ridge by a pedicle. The surface of the tumor was covered with a vascular network, and two cases had ulcers on the surface of the tumor. All 6 cases had the tumor removed surgically and there was no recurrence or metastasis in the follow-up visit. Although CGCT is rare, it is a benign tumor and generally does not recur or metastasize after surgery, and has a good prognosis. The prenatal imaging, clinical manifestations after delivery, pathological characteristics and immunohistochemical analyses may provide reference for early diagnosis and treatment of CGCT.
Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Gingival Neoplasms/surgery* ; Granular Cell Tumor/surgery* ; Humans ; Male ; Pregnancy

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to explore the clinical and pathological characteristics of congenital granular cell tumors and provide some references for clinical diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment. METHODS: Nine ca-ses of congenital granular cell tumors who visited the Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from February 2008 to March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Herein, its clinical characteristics, pathological characteristics, treatment, and prognosis were summarized and analyzed. RESULTS: We found that nine patients were all female, aged 1‑38 days when they saw the doctor. Three of them were attached in maxillary and the other six were attached in mandible. Meanwhile, six tumors were found during the mother's pregnancy at 28-39 weeks and three tumors were found at the baby's birth. One case was excised surgically under local anesthesia, and the other cases were excised surgically under general anesthesia. After 1 month to 12 years of follow-up, patients have no recurrence, however, two cases emerged new teeth from the tumor resection site. Histopathology of all excised lesions was congenital granular cell lesion. CONCLUSIONS Congenital granular cell tumor is a benign tumor and the prognosis is good. Therefore, surgical resection of the tumor can be done without extensive resection, and it generally does not relapse. Thus, ultrasonography during pregnancy is an important method for the early detection of congenital granular cell epulis.
Infant ; Child ; Pregnancy ; Humans ; Female ; Granular Cell Tumor/surgery* ; Retrospective Studies ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Anesthesia, General ; Diagnosis, Differential

Granular cell tumor (GCT) is a rare soft tissue tumor that derived from Schwann cells. Most are benign, less than 2% are malignant and, in the malignant cases, the prognosis of survival is poor. Most of these tumors are less than 3 cm in size, and they are more common in black women. The disease usually occurs in the 40s to the 60s and occurs after menopause, but there are few cases reported in adolescence. A 45-year-old woman visited the outpatient clinic with a solid mass that developed 2 years ago and present to date on the left side of the clitoris. After complete resection, pathologic examination proved to be a granular cell. The patient has been living without recurrence for one year. We report the first case of the GCT of the clitoris in postmenopausal woman in Korea with a brief review of the literature.
Adolescent ; Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Clitoris* ; Female ; Granular Cell Tumor* ; Humans ; Korea ; Menopause ; Middle Aged ; Postmenopause ; Prognosis ; Recurrence ; Schwann Cells

A 4-month-old infant presented with asymptomatic soft nodules on his right forearm, which had developed since birth. On the suspicion of nevus lipomatosus superficialis (NLS), biopsy was performed. Histopathologic findings showed monomorphic polygonal cells with abundant granular cytoplasm. Immunohistochemical stains for CD68 and vimentin were strongly positive, but were negative for S-100 protein. Based on the pathologic findings, the patient was diagnosed as non-neural granular cell tumor (NN-GCT). GCT can be divided into conventional and non-neural GCT by immunoreactivity for S-100 protein. NN-GCT is typically manifested as a well-circumscribed, papulo-nodular dermal mass, and is known to occur in a younger group than does in conventional GCT, but is rare among children. To our knowledge, there have been no case reports of NN-GCT which appeared at birth and presented as grouped nodules. Therefore, we report this interesting case of congenital NN-GCT clinically mimicking NLS.
Biopsy ; Child ; Coloring Agents ; Cytoplasm ; Forearm ; Granular Cell Tumor* ; Humans ; Infant ; Nevus* ; Parturition ; S100 Proteins ; Vimentin

A granular cell tumor (GCT) is an uncommon mesenchymal lesion that rarely occurs in the colon and the rectum. We describe the case of 51-year-old man with a 2-cm-sized rectal GCT 10 cm above the anal verge that was incidentally detected after a screening colonoscopy. Preoperative radiologic studies demonstrated a suspicious submucosal rectal mass with mesorectal fat infiltration, but without circumferential resection margin threatening, extramural vessel invasion, and regional lymph-node enlargement. The tumor was resected by using a transanal endoscopic operation (TEO) without immediate postoperative complications. The final pathology revealed that the tumor consisted of a GCT that had invaded the subserosa with clear margins. It had no other risk factors for malignancy according to Fanburg-Smith criteria. We systematically reviewed the English literature by using PubMed and Google Scholar. This report may be the first documented case in the literature to describe a TEO for a GCT that had invaded the subserosa in the rectum.
Colon ; Colonoscopy ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Granular Cell Tumor* ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Middle Aged ; Pathology ; Postoperative Complications ; Rectum* ; Risk Factors

Granular cell tumor (GCT) of the breast is a rare neoplasm that is usually benign in nature. The results of physical examination and ultrasonographic findings of GCT of the breast often mimic those of other malignancies. A 46-year-old woman underwent wide excision for removal of a large mass in the left breast (about 10 cm in diameter). The pathologic finding of the excised mass was benign GCT. A year after initial surgery, recurrence of the left breast mass was found along with a newly developed mass in the contralateral right breast, which was excised. In this study, we describe the case of a newly developed GCT in the contralateral breast 1 year after excision of a larger breast GCT.
Breast* ; Female ; Granular Cell Tumor* ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Physical Examination ; Recurrence

Esophageal granular cell tumor (GCT) is a rare neoplasm originating from the Schwann cells of the submucosal neuronal plexus. Histology is the gold standard for its diagnosis. Endoscopic resection or surgical excision should be considered, depending on the potential for malignancy. Here, we report a case of an esophageal GCT in an adolescent. A 12-year-old boy presented with a 1-year history of dysphagia and vomiting. Upper gastrointestinal endoscopic examination and esophagography showed narrowing of the midesophagus, and computed tomography angiography of the thoracic aorta revealed an esophageal or periesophageal mass posterior to the paratracheal segment of the esophagus. The tumor was surgically excised, and based on the pathological findings, esophageal GCT was diagnosed.
Adolescent* ; Angiography ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Child ; Deglutition Disorders ; Diagnosis ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; Esophagus* ; Granular Cell Tumor* ; Humans ; Male ; Neurons ; Pediatrics ; Schwann Cells ; Vomiting

Granular cell tumors (GCTs) are soft tissue tumors, which are thought to be derived from Schwann cells. Although most GCTs are reported to arise in tongue and oral cavity (30-50%), they can appear on any anatomic sites, even visceral organs. Herein, we report 5 cases of GCTs on unusual anatomic locations, such as palm, arm, thigh, finger, and vulvar area. Complete surgical excision is preferred treatment of choice to prevent recurrence. These cases emphasize that GCTs not involving oral cavity are more prevalent than expected, and the diagnosis should be histopathologically confirmed.
Adult ; Aged ; Biopsy ; Child ; Female ; Granular Cell Tumor/metabolism/*pathology/surgery ; Hand ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Middle Aged ; Mohs Surgery ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/*prevention & control ; S100 Proteins/analysis/metabolism ; Treatment Outcome