Aim To explore the effect and mechanism of the artesunate(ART)on hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods The cell lines MHCC-97H and HCC-LM3 were used to be detected.MTT and clone formation were used to determine the cell proliferation;Wound healing was used to detect the cell migration;Transwell was used to test the cell invasion.Flow-cy-tometry was used to detect cell apoptosis and cell cy-cle.RNA-seq and qRT-PCR was used to detect the genes expression.Results The proliferation,migra-tion and invasion of treated cells were obviously inhibi-ted(P＜0.01).Moreover,the apoptosis rate in-creased significantly,so did the proportion of G2/M cells.Transcriptomic analysis identified GADD45A as a potential target of ART through RNA-sequencing da-ta,and suggested that ART might induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest through regulating the expression of GADD45A.In addition,the results of mechanism studies and signaling analysis suggested that GADD45A had interaction with its upstream gene NACC1(nucle-us accumbens associated 1).Moreover,after ART treatment,the expressions of GADD45A and NACC1 were changed significantly.Conclusion ART may be a potential drug to resist HCC by affecting the expres-sion of GADD45A and its upstream gene NACC1,which provides a new drug,a new direction and a new method for the clinical treatment of HCC.

Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of hydroxysafflor yellow A(HSYA)on autophagy in bEnd.3 cells after oxygen-glucose deprivation(OGD).Methods The bEnd.3 cells were divided into normal group(conventional culture),model group(OGD model),HSYA group(OGD model+75 μmol·L-1 HSYA),3-methyladenine(3MA)group(5 mmol·L-1 3MA+OGD model)and 3 MA+HSYA group(5 mmol·L-1 3 MA+OGD model+75 μmol·L-1 HSYA).The level of apoptosis was determined by TUNEL fluorescence staining;Western blot was used to detect the expression of autophagy,blood brain barrier(BBB)related proteins;real time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction method for determining the expression of sirtuin-1(SIRT1)and forkhead box protein O3a(FOXO3A)mRNA.Results In the normal group,model group,HSYA group,3MA group and 3MA+HSYA group,the positive cells selected for TUNEL staining were 5.00±1.00,28.00±2.00,21.00±3.00,35.33±2.51 and 29.67±2.52;the expression levels of microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-Ⅱ/-Ⅰ(LC3-Ⅱ/-Ⅰ)were 0.90±0.20,1.34±0.10,1.95±0.14,0.76±0.15 and 1.14±0.09;sequestosome 1(P62)were 0.99±0.02,0.60±0.02,0.38±0.01,0.67±0.04 and 0.54±0.01;occludin were 1.39±0.17,0.62±0.15,1.00±0.09,0.40±0.13 and 0.80±0.15;zonula occludens-1(ZO-1)were 1.63±0.20,0.64±0.06,0.98±0.14,0.37±0.14 and 0.87±0.04;SIRT1 mRNA were 1.00±0.00,0.75±0.07,1.69±0.09,0.31±0.02 and 0.56±0.01;FOXO3A mRNA were 1.00±0.00,0.80±0.05,1.47±0.09,0.40±0.01 and 0.62±0.09,respectively.Significant differences were found between model group and normal group,HSYA group and model group,3MA+HSYA group and 3MA group(P＜0.05,P＜0.01,P＜0.001).Conclusion HSYA may enhance autophagy levels in bEnd.3 cells after OGD through the SIRT1/FOXO3A pathway,inhibit cell apoptosis and alleviate BBB damage.

Aim To observe the effeet of changes in miR-124 expression on the proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of HCC eells and its mecha¬nism.Methods The expression levels of miR-124 and ZEB2 were deteeted in HepG2 eells.CCK8, flow cytometry, Edu and Fran swell were used to deteet the effeets of miR-124 and ZEB2 on eell proliferation, ap¬optosis, migration and invasion.Dual lueiferase and target genes were used to prediet the targeting relation¬ship between miR-124 and ZEB2.The effeet of miR- 124 and ZEB2 on proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion-related protein expression was deteeted by Western blot.Results The expression of miR-124 in HepG2 eells was lower than that in normal liver eells L-02, while ZEB2 and miR-124 showed the opposite trend.The results of bioinformaties prediction and dual lueiferase showed that the expression of ZEB2 was neg¬ atively correlated with the expression of miR-124.Overexpression of miR-124 and silencing ZEB2 signifi¬cantly inhibited cell proliferation activity, migration and invasion ability compared with the control group; silencing miR-124 and overexpression of ZEB2 signifi¬cantly promoted cell proliferation activity, migration and invasion ability.Western blot results showed that overexpression of miR-124 and silencing ZEB2 signifi¬cantly promoted Bax expression and inhibited Bcl-2, PCNA, MMP2 and MMP9 expression levels.Silencing miR-124 and overexpression ZEB2 were the opposite.Conclusion miR-124 could negatively regulate the effects of ZEB2 on the proliferation, migration and in¬vasion of HCC cells.

Objective: Dianjixueteng is a geoherb in Yunnan Province, the source plant of which is Kadsura interior. However, the formation of this geoherb is not clear in genetic mechanism, in which genome size is the first step that should be known on the genomic level. In this study we aimed to estimate the genome sizes of source plants of K. interior and three related herbs K. heteroclita, K. longipedunculata, and K. coccinea by flow cytometry (FCM) and make a comparison. Methods: The genome sizes of K. interior, K. heteroclita, K. longipedunculata and K. coccinea, i.e., the source plants of Dianjixueteng and its relative medicinal materials, were estimated by FCM. The nuclei of K. interior were isolated using modified LB01 buffer, for the rest species, by the Galbraith's buffer. Results: The genome sizes of K. interior, K. heteroclita, K. longipedunculata, and K. coccinea were 7.36, 7.12, 7.01, and 5.15 pg/1C, respectively. Genome size of K. interior had no significant variation with those of K. heteroclita and K. longipedunculata (P = 0.296), which was significantly larger than that of K. coccinea. Conclusion: Genome size can not distinguish K. interior from K. heteroclita and K. longipedunculata, but could distinguish them from K. coccinea, which lays the foundation for future studies on genetic mechanism of the geoherb formation.

Objective To understand oral health of the elderly in nursing home in Songjiang District, Shanghai, and to provide references for improving their oral health. Methods A total of 375 elderly people in 15 nursing homes in Songjiang District were investigated by questionnaires and oral examination.Tooth loss, denture repair, periodontal condition and oral hygiene habit were analyzed. Results The rate of the tooth loss reached 94.13%.The tooth loss rate in females (96.09%) was significantly higher than that in males (91.03%) (P < 0.01).The rate of complete edentulous jaws was 28.27%.There was a significant difference between the rate of complete edentulous jaws in females (34.35%) and in males (18.62%)(P < 0.05).The rate of denture restoration was 91.51% (97/106).The number of existing teeth per capita was 11.54, and the number of teeth per capita in males (14.48 per person) was significantly higher than that in females (9.70 per person) (P < 0.05).Both the rate of the tooth loss of upper and lower posterior teeth were significantly higher than that of upper and lower anterior teeth (P < 0.01).Thirty-three percent (33.33%) of the elderly brushed their teeth more than twice a day, and almost 20.53% of them didn′t brush their teeth. Conclusion The oral health of the elderly in the nursing homes in Songjiang District is not satisfactory at present.It is necessary to strengthen the publicity and education of oral health care for the elderly in nursing homes in cooperation with multiple departments to improve their awareness of oral health care including appropriate tooth repair for the quality of life.

Objective Make use of image dentate nucleus and the veins around it on susceptibility weighted images (SWI), explore the correlation between the location of hilum of dentate nucleus and the venous variation of dentate nucleus. Methods Selecting 51 healthy adults (24 men, 27 women) at the age between 18 and 30 years old to get the original images on 3. 0T MR. Process the original images by minimum intensity projections (mIP) observed and analyzed the morphology of dentate nucleus and veins around it on original and processed images. Results The length of dentate nucleus was (16. 64±0. 20)mm, and the width was (8. 36±0. 14)mm. There was no significant difference between bilateral dentate nucleus. The median angle of the long axis of the dentate nucleus was 26. 80° (interquartile distance was 34. 58°). The venous network of dentate nucleus was formed in 2 groups of veins: the lateral group, drained by the vein of the horizontal fissure and nuclear vein; the medial group, drained by vermian vein and central vein of dentate nucleus. These two groups had been further typing as follows: the lateral anterior group drained by the nuclear vein, finally opening to superior petrosal sinus; the lateral median group had plenty of small veins of lateral dentate nucleus converge into the vein of the horizontal fissure; the lateral posterior group drained by a lot of very small veins converging to vermian veins or medullary veins; the medial anterior group that the central vein of dentate nucleus and the paravermian vein were jointed at hilum of dentate nucleus, opening into straight sinus; the medial posterior group usually converged into tributaries of vermian vein, or converged with paravermian vein into tributaries of vermian vein. Totally 75. 49% of hilums of dentate nucleus were located at upper inner quadrant, the other 24. 51% of them were located at lower inner quadrant. Conclusion Dentate nucleus and its veins are clearly visible on the susceptibility weighted images, and the location of the hilum of dentate nucleus may be related to the abouchement of paravermian vein.

The application of chemical fingerprint to evaluate the quality of traditional Chinese medicine has been widely accepted and used in many countries. However,only by analyzing the type and content of its chemical components to evaluate the quality of traditional Chinese medicines,the gold standard of quality evaluation by evaluating pharmacodynamic effects is ignored. The study of Chinese medicinal spectrum-effect relationships combining the chemical composition with the pharmacodynamic activity of traditional Chinese medicine,which can evaluate the quality of traditional Chinese medicine from more comprehensive and different angles,has been applied in many fields of traditional Chinese medicine research. This paper mainly summarizes the research methods of the Chinese medicinal spectrum-effect relationships and its application in the field of traditional Chinese medicine study,and provides reference for the research,development and application of the Chinese medicinal spectrum-effect relationships.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Records ; Research Design

To provide a scientific evidence for the quality control of Codonopsis Radix, a method was established for determining the content of three free carbohydrates of Codonopsis Radix. The developed method showed good linearity. The calibration curves were linear within the range of 2.312 5-18.500 0 μg for sucrose, 1.500 0-12.000 0 μg for glucose, and 2.000 0-16.000 0 μg for fructose, resgectwely. The recoveries varied between 96.31%-101.8%. The method is simple, accurate and reproducible, and can be used for determining the content of sucrose, glucose and fructose of Codonopsis Radix. The results showed that different cultivation measures had an effect on the content of three free carbohydrates of Codonopsis Radix. According to the content of sucrose, using Zhuanggenling>not using Zhuanggenling. While, not pinching, shelving>not pinching, not shelving>pinching, not shelving>pinching, shelving. According to the content of glucose and fructose, not using Zhuanggenling>using Zhuanggenling. While, pinching, shelving>not pinching, not shelving>not pinching, shelving>pinching, not shelving. In consideration of the differences of sweetness and content of the three free carbohydrates in Codonopsis Radix, we recommend that the content of free carbohydrates could be considered as the marker to evaluate the quality of Codonopsis Radix.

Objective To study the changes in red blood cells(RBCs),hemoglobin(Hb),hematocrit(HCT),mean corpuscular volume(MCV),RBC distribution width variation coefficient(RDW-CV)and RBC distribution width standard deviation(RDW-SD)of leukocyte-poor red blood cells preserved in navy ship force on a long voyage.Methods According to the Requirement of Health Examination for Blood Donors(GB 18467 -2011),red blood cells in additive solution leukocytes reduced were randomly collected from ten healthy voluntary blood donors one day before sailing.Each blood sample was preserved.The relevant parameters were detected as data before sailing.Each blood sample was divided into two parts,one in test group and the other in control group.Samples were taken from the two groups of leukocyte-poor red blood cells for the sampling detection after 21 days of sailing respectively.Results ①After sailing, the concentrations of RBCs and Hb declined in both groups,and the difference of RBC concentrations was not significant(P=0.319),but that of the concentrations of Hb was significant(P=0.002).②After sailing, the concentrations of HCT and MCV increased, but the change of HCT was significant(P=0.015),while that of MCV was insignificant(P=0.051).③After sailing,the concentrations of RDW-SD and RDW-CV were higher,but the change of RDW-SD was significant(P<0.001),while that of RDW-CV was not(P=0.528).Conclusion When leukocyte-poor red blood cells are preserved in navy ship force,the concentrations of RBC and Hb decrease,while the concentrations of HCT,MCV,RDW-SD and RDW-CV increase with the prolongation of preservation.A long voyage has some impact on the parameters of red blood cells in additive solution leukocytes reduced,as is the case with the conventional blood storage refrigerator(4 ±2)℃.

Objective To explore the influence on and changes in the biochemical indices of red blood cells(RBCs)in additive solution leukocytes reduced preserved in navy ship force on a long voyage.Methods According to the Requirement of Health Examination for Blood Donors(GB 18467 -2011),RBCs in additive solution leukocytes reduced were prepared from 10 healthy voluntary blood donators one day before sailing.Each blood sample was divided into two parts,one in test group and another in control group.All the groups had samples taken for the biochemical index detection after 1,3,5,7,14 and 21 days of sailing respectively.Results ①The change in total protein(P=0.235)and albumin (P=0.119)concentration was not obvious,and the difference between the two groups was not significant.②The change in total creatinine(P=0.001)and uric acid(P=0.001)concentration was obvious, but the difference between the two groups was not significant.③The change in total cholesterol(P=0.354)concentration was not obvious,but the change in triglycerides(P=0.005)concentration was significant.The difference between the two groups was not significant.④The concentration of lactate dehydrogenase, hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase increased with the time of preservation(P<0.001).The difference between the two groups was not significant.⑤The interaction between grouping effect and time effect had no significant influence on the concentration of osmolarity(OSM)(P=0.968)and glucose(Glu) (P=0.406).Between the two groups,the difference of concentrations of OSM(P=0.569)and Glu(P=0.115)was not significant.Conclusion Under the 4 class sea conditions, a long voyage has some impact on the storage of RBCs in additive solution leukocytes reduced,as in the conventional blood storage refrigerator(4 ±2)℃.The results of this study have important clinical implications for our further study of marine blood support.