Objective: To evaluate the dietary quality of residents in Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province, so as to provide the basis for future health education and nutrition intervention programs. Methods: A stratified multi-stage random sampling method was used to select residents aged 18 years and older in 6 counties (cities, districts) of Wenzhou City as the study subjects, “24-hour dietary review for 3 consecutive days” was adopted to collect dietary intake, and the diet balance index (DBI_16) scoring method was applied to evaluate the dietary quality. Results: This study analyzed the dietary quality of 406 residents in Wenzhou City, including 197 males (48.52%) and 209 females (51.48%). The majority of the residents were aged 18-44 years (254 residents, 62.56%). The median DBI total score was -31 (interquartile range, 8), and 404 residents had insufficient dietary intake, accounting for 99.51%. The median DBI positive score was 5 (interquartile range, 6), and 288 residents had appropriate dietary intake, accounting for 70.94%. The median DBI negative score was 37 (interquartile range, 6), and 210 residents had a high level of insufficient dietary intake, accounting for 51.72%. Five dietary patterns, namely A, B, C, E and F, were identified, with pattern B being the most dominant, accounting for 75.62% of the total (307 individuals). Patterns D, H, I and G were not observed. Conclusions The dietary quality of the residents surveyed indicates the existence of dietary imbalances, mainly manifesting as inadequate intake. It is recommended to strengthen nutritional and health guidance.

【Objective】 To study the effect of macrophage mediator 1 (MED1) deficiency on atherosclerosis in female mice. 【Methods】 ApoE knockout (ApoE^-/-), LDLR knockout (LDLR^-/-), MED1^fl/fl, and macrophage MED1 knockout (MED1^△Mac) mice were recruited in the study. Two types of mouse model were constructed:ApoE and macrophage MED1 double knockout (MED1^△Mac/ApoE^-/-) mice and their littermate controls (MED1^fl/fl/ApoE^-/-). ② LDLR knockout (LDLR^-/-) mice receiving bone marrow from MED1^△Mac (MED1^△Mac→LDLR^-/-) or MED1^fl/fl (MED1^fl/fl→LDLR^-/-) mice. Female mice from these two models were fed a Western diet (21% fat and 0.15% cholesterol) for 12 weeks to promote the development of atherosclerosis. Body weight, total cholesterol (TC), and total triglyceride (TG) content in plasma were measured dynamically. After Western diet feeding for 12 weeks, aortic tree and aortic root were collected and hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and oil red O staining were performed. 【Results】 Plasma TC and TG did not significantly differ between MED1^fl/fl/ApoE^-/- control group and MED1^△Mac/ApoE^-/-experimental group. However, the plaque area in aortic tree and aortic root was significantly increased in MED1^△Mac/ApoE^-/-mice. Moreover, compared with that in MED1^fl/fl→LDLR^-/- control group, the plaque area of aortic tree and aortic root had an increasing trend in MED1^△Mac→LDLR^-/- mice group. 【Conclusion】 MED1 deficiency in macrophages promotes the development of atherosclerosis in female ApoE or LDLR knockout mice.

Objective: To analyze the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics of new HIV/AIDS cases at ages of 50 years and older in Wenzhou City from 2006 to 2020, so as to provide insights into precise control of AIDS. Methods : The data of new HIV/AIDS cases aged 50 years and older in Wenzhou City from 2006 to 2020 were collected from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. The temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of new HIV/AIDS cases at ages of 50 years and older were identified using global and local spatial autocorrelation analyses and spatial-temporal scan analysis. Results: Totally 1 917 new HIV/AIDS cases aged 50 years and older were detected in Wenzhou City from 2006 to 2020, and there were 179 new HIV/AIDS cases in 58 townships ( streets ) from 2006 to 2010, 643 cases in 113 townships ( streets ) from 2011 to 2015 and 1 095 cases in 147 townships ( streets ) from 2016 to 2020, respectively. The distribution of new HIV/AIDS cases appeared positive spatial autocorrelations from 2006 to 2010 ( Moran's I value=0.05, Z=1.976, P=0.046 ), from 2011 to 2015 ( Moran's I value=0.08, Z=2.314, P=0.028) and from 2016 to 2020 (Moran's I value=0.18, Z=3.956, P=0.003 ). Spatial-temporal scan analysis identified two clusters. The primary cluster mainly covered 70 towns ( streets ) in Lucheng Distrct, Ouhai District, Longwan District, Economic and Technical Development Region, Rui' an City and Pingyang County of Wenzhou City from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2020, with a cluster radius of 34.30 km [log likelihood ratio ( LLR )=192.84, RR=2.60, P<0.001], and the secondary cluster was located in Hongqiao Township of Yueqing City from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2015, with a cluster radius of 0 ( LLR=90.60, RR=7.27, P<0.001 ). Conclusions The number of new HIV/AIDS cases aged 50 years and older appeared a tendency towards a rise in Wenzhou City from 2006 to 2020, with spatial clusters that were predominantly identified in urban areas, Rui' an City and Pingyang County of Wenzhou City.

Objective    To investigate whether metformin has protective effect on myocardial injury in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) combined with coronary heart diseases and diabetes. Methods    COVID-19 patients with coronary heart disease and diabetes who were admitted to Tongji Hospital from January 18 to April 25 in 2020 were enrolled. They were divided into a metformin group and a none-metformin group according to whether the metformin was used. The demographic characteristics, clinical symptoms, laboratory parameters, treatment and clinical outcomes of the two groups were analyzed retrospectively. Results    There were 29 patients in the metformin group, 3 patients (12.0%, 3/25) suffered myocardial injury and 1 (3.4%) died of acute respiratory failure complicated by septic shock; 67 patients were in the non-metformin group and 24 (37.5%, 24/64) had myocardial injury but 15 died in hospital among whom 1 died of septic shock complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation, 1 acute respiratory failure complicated by possible cerebral hemorrhage, 2 acute respiratory failure, 1 fulminant myocarditis, 3 acute myocardial infarction and 7 cardiac arrest. The incidence of myocardial injury (12.0% vs. 37.5%, P=0.019), hospital mortality (3.4% vs. 22.4%, P=0.034) and mortality of cardiovascular events (0.0% vs. 16.4%, P=0.049) in the metformin group were significantly lower than those in the non-metformin group. Multivariate analysis showed that the use of insulins (OR=11.235, P=0.003) was an influencing factor for in-hospital mortality of patients. The use of metformin (OR=0.154, P=0.013) was positively correlated with the myocardial injury. Conclusion    When patients with coronary heart disease and diabetes are infected with COVID-19, metformin can effectively reduce myocardial damage and has a certain effect on reducing hospital mortality. Combined with clinical considerations, it is worthy of popularization.

Objective : To understand the spatial distribution of iodine in drinking water in Wenzhou,and to provide reference for preventing iodine deficiency disorders. Methods : Drinking water was sampled from 182 townships of all 11 counties under the jurisdiction of Wenzhou according to different ways of water supply. The iodine in water was detected by cerium sulfate catalytic spectrophotometry. The water iodine data was matched with the electronic map by ArcGIS10.2 to construct a spatial database; spatial autocorrelation analysis by GeoDa1.10 and spatial scanning analysis by SaTScan 9.4 were conducted to obtain the water iodine concentration range in Wenzhou. Results : The contents of iodine in 998 out of 1 008 drinking water samples were less than 10 μg/L,accounting for 99.01%. The median of water iodine in all townships of Wenzhou was 1.8 μg/L. The results of geospatial distribution analysis demonstrated that the iodine distribution in drinking water had positive spatial autocorrelation in Wenzhou（Moran's I= 0.40,Z=15.65,P< 0.05）; there were four kinds of local aggregation models for water iodine in 78 townships（P< 0.01）. Three cluster areas of the water iodine were detected by space scanning,with three townships in Dongtou as the first high cluster areas,seven coastal townships in Cangnan as the second high cluster areas and 49 mountainous townships in Yongjia,Yueqing and Lucheng as the low cluster areas. Conclusion The iodine in drinking water in Wenzhou was low and exists spatial aggregation.

Objective: To make etiological diagnosis and evaluate the protective effects of post-exposure prophylaxis(PEP) in an event of one dog injured seven persons. Methods: Direct immunofluorescence assay (DFA) and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were employed to detect nucleoprotein and nucleoprotein(N) gene of rabies virus in the brain tissues of the dog, the positive samples were sequenced for the full length of N gene of rabies virus, then the homology of the N gene of rabies virus was analyzed after the phylogenetic tree was constructed. Rapid fluorescent focus inhibition test (RFFIT) was applied to detect the rabies virus neutralizing antibodies(RVNA) on day 0, 14 and 40 after PEP. Results: The cerebral, cerebellar and hippocampal tissues were positive by DFA and nested PCR. The phylogenetic tree indicated the rabies virus belonged to the rabies virus genotype I. The homology of the nucleotide and amino acid of the rabies virus N gene were over 86% with the vaccine strains. The titer of the RVNA increased significantly from the day 0 to day 14 after PEP, the lowest was 5.78 IU/ml and the highest was 26.15 IU/ml. On the day 40, the highest RVNA titer was 51.96 IU/ml. No rabies cases occurred in a one year follow-up visit. Conclusions Normative PEP can effectively prevent the occurrence of rabies cases.

Objective To investigate a poisoning caused by wild mushrooms and to identify the toxin in these mushrooms.Methods Epidemiological investigation,blood test and mushroom toxin were analyzed.Results This incident was taken place in one family,and all family members were dead.Multiple organ damage was observed in all patients;amatoxins and virotoxins were detected in both mushrooms and the soup,but were not detected in blood samples because of dialysis.Conclusion The incident was caused by wild mushrooms and public education shoud be strenthened to urge people to avoid eating wild mushrooms and go to the hospital immediately if poisoning takes place.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the association of maternal body composition and dietary intake with the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

METHODSA total 154 GDM subjects and 981 controls were enrolled in a prospective cohort study in 11 hospitals from May 20, 2012 to December 31, 2013. Bioelectrical impedance analysis and dietary surveys were used to determine body composition and to evaluate the intake of nutrients in subjects at 21-24 weeks' gestation (WG). Logistic regression analysis was applied to explore the relationships of maternal body composition and dietary intake with the risk of GDM morbidity.

RESULTSAge, pre-pregnant body weight (BW), and body mass index (BMI) were associated with increased risk of GDM. Fat mass (FM), fat mass percentage (FMP), extracellular water (ECW), BMI, BW, energy, protein, fat, and carbohydrates at 21-24 WG were associated with an increased risk of GDM. In contrast, fat free mass (FFM), muscular mass (MM), and intracellular water (ICW) were associated with a decreased risk of GDM.

CONCLUSIONMaternal body composition and dietary intake during the second trimester of pregnancy were associated with the risk of GDM morbidity.

Adult ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Body Composition ; Body Mass Index ; Cohort Studies ; Diabetes, Gestational ; epidemiology ; Diet ; Diet Surveys ; Feeding Behavior ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Risk Factors

Objective To understand the dynamic conditions after reaching the stage goal of elimination of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) in Wenzhou, and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and treatment of IDD. Methods Three counties that the annual consumption rate of qualified iodized salt < 80% in 2014 and had the prevalence of endemic cretinism in history, Cangnan, Taishun and Yongjia, were selected as high risk monitoring areas. Three townships were selected in each area, and two primary schools were selected from each township, and 40 children urine samples were collected in each school (half male and half female) and the age of children were 8-10 years old. And near the location of these primary schools, we randomly selected 10 pregnant women in each village, and estimated the urinary iodine level and salt iodine concentration, respectively. The examination of thyroid by B ultrasound was performed in children by provincial professionals. Urinary iodine was determined using the arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophotometric method (GB/T 13025.7-2012). Salt iodine was determined by direct titration. Results Endemic cretinism case was not found in this survey, total goiter rate of 8-10 years old children was 2.04%(16/783). The median of urinary iodine was 116.1 and 108.2 μg/L, respectively, in 8 - 10 years old children and pregnant women. Iodized salt coverage rate was 90.48%(171/189), the intaking rate of qualified iodized salt was 84.66% (160/189). The concentration of pregnant women urinary iodine and salt iodine was positively correlated (r=0.54, P< 0.05). Conclusions Children's iodine nutrition is in the appropriate level, but pregnant women are in iodine definciency in Wenzhou City.

Objective The aim of this study was to generate human cholesteryl ester transfer protein ( CETP) transgenic rabbits and analyze their biological properties.Methods We generated human CETP transgenic rabbits by DNA microinjection, and detected the expression of human CETP by real-time PCR and Western blot assay.The activity of CETP was measured using an activity assay kit.Results Human CETP transgenic rabbits were successfully generated by DNA microinjection.Compared with wide type rabbits, the expression of human CETP was dramatically increased in the liver of the human CETP transgenic rabbits.The plasma CETP activity was also much higher in the liver of human CETP transgenic rabbits than that of control rabbits.Conclusions The model of human CETP transgenic rabbits is successfully established by DNA microinjection.It will provide a useful tool for the studies of CETP biological function and its involvement in the mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases.