OBJECTIVE: According with Chinese legal system, to develop a competency to stand trial rating scale in offenders with mental disorders. METHODS: Proceeding from the juristical elements, 15 items were extracted and formulated a preliminary instrument named the competency to stand trial rating scale in offenders with mental disorders. The item analysis included six aspects, which were critical ratio, item-total correlation, corrected item-total correlation, alpha value if item deleted, communalities of items, and factor loading. The Logistic regression equation and cut-off score of ROC curve were used to explore the diagnostic efficiency. RESULTS: The data of critical ratio of extreme group were 18.390-46.763; item-total correlation, 0.639-0.952; corrected item-total correlation, 0.582-0.944; communalities of items, 0.377-0.916; and factor loadings, 0.614-0.957. Seven items were included in the regression equation and the accuracy of back substitution test was 96.0%. The score of 33 was ascertained as the cut-off score by ROC fitting curve, the overlapping ratio compared with the expertise was 95.8%. The sensibility and the specificity were 0.938 and 0.966, respectively, while the positive and negative likelihood ratios were 27.67 and 0.06, respectively. CONCLUSION With all items satisfied the requirement of homogeneity test, the rating scale has a reasonable construct and excellent diagnostic efficiency.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Criminals/psychology* ; Female ; Forensic Psychiatry/methods* ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Mental Competency/psychology* ; Mental Disorders/psychology* ; Middle Aged ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Young Adult

It is an urgent global problem how to improve the violence risk assessment. As a necessary part of risk assessment, statistical methods have remarkable impacts and effects. In this study, the predicted methods in violence risk assessment from the point of statistics are reviewed. The application of Logistic regression as the sample of multivariate statistical model, decision tree model as the sample of data mining technique, and neural networks model as the sample of artificial intelligence technology are all reviewed. This study provides data in order to contribute the further research of violence risk assessment.
Artificial Intelligence ; Decision Trees ; Forensic Psychiatry/methods* ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Neural Networks, Computer ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Assessment/statistics & numerical data* ; Risk Factors ; Violence/statistics & numerical data*

OBJECTIVE: To introduce and revise the Violence Risk Scale (VRS) for assessing violence risk and risk change, and to examine the reliability of Violence Risk Scale of Chinese version(VRS-C). METHODS: The original English version of the VRS was translated into Chinese according to established translation procedures. To examine the scorer reliability the 14 cases assessed by 3 assessors separately. One hundred and twenty-five patients with mental disorders from 3 different institutions in Sichuan province (Refined Control Ward in Ankang Hospital, Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Institute of Forensic Science and Mental Health Center of West China Hospital) were collected to examine the reliability of VRS-C. RESULTS: The results showed moderately good scale reliability of the VRS-C, with 0.80 of ICC for scorer reliability. All items have significant consistence with Cronbach's alpha coefficient as 0.921, split-half reliability as 0.906 and item total correlation as 0.246-0.849. CONCLUSION The reliability of the VRS-C version is acceptable.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Factors ; China/epidemiology* ; Educational Status ; Female ; Forensic Psychiatry/methods* ; Humans ; Language ; Male ; Mental Disorders/psychology* ; Middle Aged ; Psychological Tests/standards* ; Psychometrics ; Reproducibility of Results ; Risk Assessment/standards* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Violence/statistics & numerical data* ; Young Adult

Youth violence is a public health and social issue of global concern. It will be helpful to reduce the incidence of youth violence if the risk factors and prediction methods can be fully comprehended. This paper summarized the risk factors of youth violence in the aspects of the individual factors, the social psychological factors and the biological factors. Meanwhile, the status of prediction and assessment of youth violence are reviewed, with expectation to reduce youth violence and contribute to further research.
Adolescent ; Adolescent Behavior/psychology* ; Age Factors ; Craniocerebral Trauma/psychology* ; Family/psychology* ; Female ; Forecasting ; Forensic Psychiatry ; Humans ; Interviews as Topic ; Juvenile Delinquency/statistics & numerical data* ; Male ; Models, Statistical ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Public Health ; Risk Assessment/methods* ; Risk Factors ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Violence/statistics & numerical data* ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of the criminal responsibility rating scale for suspects with mental retardation. METHODS: Ninety six suspects with mental retardation were evaluated by trained professionals according to the scale, and the results were compared to the expert's opinion. RESULTS: The scores of three groups (no, diminished, and responsibility group) were 12.25 +/- 2.06, 28.62 +/- 4.57, 44.41 +/- 5.17 respectively and were significant different among them. All items had statistical correlation with the total score of the scale. Five factors were extracted by means of the factor analysis and they could explain 70.919% of the variation. The accuracy of retrospective cumulative square was 92.7%. CONCLUSION The Criminal Responsibility Rating Scale has good reliability and validity, and can be used as a reference in assessment of criminal responsibility.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Crime/psychology* ; Discriminant Analysis ; Female ; Forensic Psychiatry/methods* ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability ; Liability, Legal ; Male ; Mental Competency/psychology* ; Middle Aged ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Retrospective Studies ; Social Responsibility ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To create civil capacity rating scale for mentally disabled patients, and explore its feasibility during the forensic psychiatric expertise. METHODS: The civil capacity-related items were determined after discussion and consultation. The civil capacity rating scale for mentally disabled patients was established and the manual was created according to the logistic sequence of the assessment. The rating scale was used during the civil assessment in four institutes. RESULTS: There were 14 items in civil capacity rating scale for mentally disabled patients. Two hundred and two subjects were recruited and divided into three groups according to the experts' opinion on their civil capacities: full civil capacity, partial civil capacity and no civil capacity. The mean score of the three groups were 2.32 +/- 2.45, 11.62 +/- 4.01 and 25.02 +/- 3.90, respectively, and there was statistical differences among the groups. The Cronbach alpha of the rating scale was 0.9724, and during the split-reliability test, the two-splited part of the rating scale were highly correlated (r = 0.9729, P = 0.000). The Spearman correlative coefficient between each item and the score of the rating scale was from 0.643 to 0.882 (P = 0.000). There was good correlation between the conclusion according to the rating scale and the experts' opinion (kappa = 0.841, P = 0.000). When the discriminate analysis was used, 7 items were included into the discrimination equation, and 92.6% subjects were identified as the correct groups using the equation. CONCLUSION There is satisfied reliability and validity on civil capacity rating scale for mentally disabled patients. The rating scale can be used as effective tools to grade their civil capacity during the forensic expertise.
Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Expert Testimony ; Female ; Forensic Psychiatry ; Humans ; Male ; Mental Disorders/psychology* ; Middle Aged ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Psychometrics/methods* ; Reproducibility of Results ; Retrospective Studies ; Schizophrenia/diagnosis* ; Young Adult

In the fields of judicial psychiatric identification, about 40%-60% of the people maybe exaggerate their injury for personal profit. Though some psychological tests are effective in identification, they are limited in cunning liars. This article summarizes previous experimental mode, results and effects of event-related potential (ERP) in detecting cognitive malingering. ERP technology can be highly sensitive and specific. It is a kind of objective physiological index and is a promising technology in detecting cognitive malingering.
Brain Injuries/psychology* ; Cognition Disorders/psychology* ; Disability Evaluation ; Electroencephalography ; Event-Related Potentials, P300 ; Forensic Psychiatry/methods* ; Humans ; Malingering/psychology* ; Memory/physiology* ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sensitivity and Specificity

OBJECTIVE: To explore the application of Diminished Criminal Responsibility Rating Scale (DCRRS) to mental retardation offenders. METHODS: The DCRRS was used to 121 cases of mental retardation offenders who were divided into three groups according to the degree of their diminished criminal responsibility. RESULTS: There were significant differences in rating score among the three groups (mild group 22.12+/-4.69, moderate group 25.50+/-5.48, major group 27.59+/-5.69), and 17 items had good correlation with the total score of the scale with the correlation coefficient from 0.289 to 0.665. Six factors were extracted by the factor analysis, and 69.392% variation could be explained. CONCLUSION The DCRRS has rational items, its total score could show the difference among the three degree diminished criminal responsibility of mental retardation offenders.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Analysis of Variance ; Crime/psychology* ; Female ; Forensic Psychiatry/methods* ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability ; Liability, Legal ; Male ; Mental Competency/psychology* ; Middle Aged ; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales ; Young Adult

The suicide were analyzed depending only on the death scene and cadaver features but not on the psychological autopsy (PA) that also enables the determination of the manner of death in China for a long time. There are significant differences between PA and the traditional risk assessment of suicide. The goals of PA are to find out the features of individuality, the patterns of behavior and the possible motives of suicide. The methods of PA involve investigating, collecting and analyzing all related information of the deceased. There are many limitations of PA in application mainly due to the lack of the standard procedures. Although an improved procedure has recently developed by Berman, many problems need to be solved before the actual application of PA in China.
Autopsy/psychology* ; Cause of Death ; Data Collection/statistics & numerical data* ; Forensic Psychiatry/methods* ; Humans ; Life Change Events ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Suicide/statistics & numerical data* ; Suicide Prevention

OBJECTIVE: To study the intelligence of criminals with no psychosis diagnosed with forensic psychiatry. METHODS: The intelligence test results in 88 criminal cases with no psychosis and in 89 criminal cases with schizophrenia were compared. RESULTS: There were no significant statistical differences between two groups with respect to their sex, age, education, occupation, marital status, and criminal type. The average intelligence quotient (IQ) of no psychosis group was significantly higher than that of the schizophrenic group, but was significantly lower than the normal. There was no significant statistical difference between the subgroups claiming as either suffering or denying psychosis. CONCLUSION There is a mild impairment in the intelligence in no psychosis group.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Analysis of Variance ; Crime ; Expert Testimony ; Female ; Forensic Psychiatry/methods* ; Humans ; Intelligence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Schizophrenia ; Schizophrenic Psychology ; Wechsler Scales ; Young Adult