Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a potentially fatal autoimmune condition where antibodies are produced and destroy NMDA receptors in the brain, thereby causing profound dysfunctional neurotransmission. This rare disease is often associated with a tumor, usually a teratoma. A 28-year-old female previously diagnosed with seizure disorder presented with chronic history of neuropsychiatric symptoms leading to status epilepticus on the day of confinement. Investigation showed the presence of anti-NMDAR antibodies both in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. A right ovarian cyst was noted on ultrasound. Methylprednisolone and immunoglobulin were given followed by surgical removal of the ovarian cyst. Histopathology result showed a follicular cyst. The patient was discharged improved, and remained asymptomatic and seizure free. Repeat serum NMDAR antibody test was negative. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of patients with NMDA receptor encephalitis is lifesaving. Although mostly associated with an ovarian teratoma, the case reported a possible link between NMDAR encephalitis and benign ovarian cysts.
Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis ; Ovarian Cysts ; Follicular Cyst

Ovaries of 21 bitches presented with gynecopathies were surgically removed and histologically examined. Standard histological, as well as immunohistochemical, classification of 193 cystic structures resulted in the classification of 72 cysts of subsurface epithelial structures (SES), 61 follicular cysts (FCs), 38 cystic rete ovarii (CRO), 13 lutein cysts (LCs), and 9 non-classifiable cysts (NCCs). In addition to the histological classification, results were interpreted according to subject medical history, clinical examination outcome, and macroscopic observations during ovariohysterectomy. Dogs with ovarian cysts (OCs) and associated reproductive perturbations were mostly nulliparous, of large breed, and had an average of 9.5 ± 3 years. Prolonged or shortened inter-estrus intervals of past heats, however, seemed to be relatively low-risk factors for the development of OCs in dogs. Furthermore, we provide histological observations of a rarely seen canine LC including a degenerated oocyte in the central cavity.
Animals ; Classification ; Dogs ; Female ; Follicular Cyst ; Hot Temperature ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lutein ; Medical History Taking ; Oocytes ; Ovarian Cysts ; Ovary

No abstract available.
Follicular Cyst ; Hair* ; Treatment Outcome ; Tretinoin*

Opinions on ovariohysterectomy (OHE) of bitches vary depending on region and country. In this descriptive, prospective cross-sectional study, uterine tracts and ovaries exhibiting gross pathologic findings (n = 76) were collected post-surgery from a reference population of 3,600 bitches (2.11% incidence) that underwent elective OHE during September to November 2013 and evaluated by histopathology examination. Data were evaluated by using descriptive statistics and chi-squared tests. Bitches were of crossbred background with average age 5 years (range 0.6–8.0 years) and most were nulliparous (69.7%) with no anamnesis of reproductive diseases (81.6%). Frequencies of proestrus, estrus, and diestrus were 42.1%, 6.6%, and 19.7%, respectively. The presence of mammary gland masses (5.3%) significantly correlated with histopathologic findings in ovaries and age of the bitch (p < 0.05). Predominant uterine histopathologies included cystic endometrial hyperplasia, periglandular fibrosis, lymphoplasmocytary endometritis, and adenomyosis (19.7%, 14.5%, 4.0%, and 2.6%, respectively). In ovaries, hyperplasia of rete ovarii, follicular cysts, oophoritis, adenoma of the rete ovarii, cysts of superficial structures, and granulosa cell tumors (10.5%, 10.5%, 7.9%, 4.0%, 2.6%, and 2.6%, respectively) were observed. The results reveal the presence of subclinical pathologies in healthy bitches, suggesting that OHE at an early age is beneficial for prevention of reproductive pathologies.
Adenoma ; Adenomyosis ; Animals ; Cross-Sectional Studies* ; Diestrus ; Dogs* ; Endometrial Hyperplasia ; Endometritis ; Estrus ; Female ; Fibrosis ; Follicular Cyst ; Granulosa Cell Tumor ; Hyperplasia ; Mammary Glands, Human ; Oophoritis ; Ovary* ; Pathology ; Proestrus ; Prospective Studies ; Uterus*

Preterm ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (POHS) is characterized by swelling of the vulva and hypogastrium, elevated estradiol and gonadotropin levels, and multiple ovarian follicular cysts in premature baby girls. We report a case of POHS with a review of the literature. The patient presented with swelling of the clitoral hood, and the labia majora and minora. We confirmed multiple ovarian cysts, as well as elevated estradiol and lutenizing hormone levels by performing pelvic ultrasound and laboratory tests. The symptoms resolved gradually and spontaneously.
Edema ; Estradiol ; Female ; Follicular Cyst ; Gonadotropins ; Humans ; Infant ; Ovarian Cysts ; Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome* ; Ultrasonography ; Vulva

Follicular Cyst ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Neoplasms, Basal Cell ; diagnosis ; Skin Neoplasms ; diagnosis

On H1 MRS (magnetic resonance spectroscopy), malignant tumors show higher concentration of metabolite than benign lesions. Lactate double peak was detected in malignant tumor and endometriosis, and more prominent high concentration was demonstrated in endometriosis. Tuboovarian abscesses and salpingitis do not show prominent peak. Dermoid cysts show high levels of lipid peak. Paratubal cyst and follicular cyst can be showed the lipid peak, however, the concentration of lipid is lower than that of dermoid cyst. H1 MRS of ovarian cystic lesions can give valuable information about the presence of metabolites of ovarian cystic lesions.
Abscess ; Dermoid Cyst ; Endometriosis ; Female ; Follicular Cyst ; Lactic Acid ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy* ; Ovarian Cysts ; Ovary ; Parovarian Cyst ; Salpingitis

A pigmented follicular cyst typically presents as an asymptomatic, solitary papule on head and neck in adult men. The histologic features of pigmented follicular cysts are cross-sectioned, terminally-differentiated hair shafts in an epidermal cyst. There are no sebaceous lobules or other appendages within the wall or in close proximity. We herein report a case of pigmented follicular cyst of the axilla in a 31-year-old man.
Adult ; Axilla ; Epidermal Cyst ; Follicular Cyst ; Hair ; Head ; Humans ; Male ; Neck

Folliculosebaceous cystic hamartoma (FSCH) is a rare cutaneous hamartoma composed of dilated folliculosebaceous units and mesenchymal elements. It presents as a papule or nodule usually on the face and scalp, rarely on the genital or trunk area. Histologically, FSCH shares several similar features to sebaceous trichofolliculoma. We report one case of FSCH misdiagnosed as a neurofibroma. He was a 38-year-old man with a neurofibromatosis type I and a nodule on his left earlobe was excised under the impression of neurofibroma. Pathological examination revealed FSCH. Although FSCH is clinically not distinctive, awareness of the lesion is important to differentiate papulonodular or cyst-like cutaneous lesions.
Adult ; Follicular Cyst ; Hamartoma ; Humans ; Neoplasms, Basal Cell ; Neurofibroma ; Neurofibromatoses ; Neurofibromatosis 1 ; Scalp ; Skin Neoplasms

Sebaceous trichofolliculoma is a rare benign tumor and represents a variant of trichofolliculoma. Up to now, only 5 cases of sebaceous trichofolliculoma were reported in Korea. It generally presents as a centrally depressed solitary tumor and occurs in areas rich in sebaceous lobules. Microscopically, it shows cystic cavities with or without keratin-filled portion and sebaceous lobules. The lobules are connected to the cystic wall. We report a case of infected sebaceous trichofolliculoma on the right cheek accompanied by a unilateral microtia in a 16-year-old man. The patient was treated with oral antibiotics and surgical excision. By summariz-ing 12 past cases, 6 Korean and 7 international, we have put together clinical features of Se-baceous trichofolliculoma.
Adolescent ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Cheek ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Ear ; Follicular Cyst ; Humans ; Korea ; Neoplasms, Basal Cell ; Skin Neoplasms