Objective: To explore the differences in the gut microbiota of primary school students with different levels of sugar sweetened beverage intake, so as to provide scientific evidence for better identification of health risks in children and the development of targeted health policies. Methods: In June 2022, a total of 192 healthy primary school students from Chengdu were selected using a stratified cluster random sampling method. The sugar sweetened beverage intake was assessed through a dietary frequency questionnaire. Based on the median daily sugar sweetened beverage intake, primary school students were categorized into a low intake group ( n =96) and a high intake group ( n =96). The gut microbiota in fresh fecal samples from the two groups of primary school students was analyzed using 16S rRNA high throughput sequencing, and the diversity and community structure differences in the gut microbiota were compared. Results: Children in the low intake group had a sugar sweetened beverage intake of (21.3±1.6) mL/d, while the high intake group had an intake of (269.6±37.3) mL/d. Diversity analysis results showed that there were no statistically significant differences between the low intake and the high intake group in terms of α diversity metrics: Observed_otus index [298.50 (259.75, 342.25), 305.50 (244.25, 367.75)], Goods_coverage index [1.00 (1.00, 1.00), 1.00 (1.00, 1.00)], Chao index [304.18 (260.75, 348.78), 305.88 (245.68, 370.88)], Shannon index [5.88 (5.29, 6.45), 5.71 (4.89, 6.28)] and Simpson index [0.95 (0.91, 0.97), 0.94 (0.88, 0.97)] ( Z =-0.64, -0.76, -0.54, -1.76, -1.67, P >0.05). Furthermore, no statistically significant difference was observed in β diversity between the two groups ( R 2=0.006, P >0.05). At the genus level, the abundance of Blautia [0.033 (0.018, 0.055)] and Fusicatenibacter [0.009 (0.005, 0.015)] were higher in the low intake group compared to the high intake group [0.024 (0.013, 0.041),0.006 (0.003, 0.011)]and differences were statistically significant ( Z =-2.52, -2.81, P <0.05). LEfSe analysis highlighted intergroup differences primarily in Blautia, Fusicatenibacter and Sarcina( LDA= 3.56,3.12,3.53, P <0.05). Conclusions There is no significant difference in the diversity and overall structure of the gut microbiota in primary school students with different levels of sugar sweetened beverage intake. However, there are species variations at the genus level. The information can serve as a scientific basis for identifying health risks in primary school students and formulating targeted health strategies.

Objective Intracranial hemorrhage(ICH),the second most common subtype of stroke,exacerbates the disruption of the blood-brain barrier(BBB),leading to vasogenic edema,plasma protein extravasation,and infiltration of neurotoxic substances.The clearance capacity of the brain plays a crucial role in maintaining BBB homeostasis and facilitating patient recovery after hemorrhage.This study aimed to investigate the effect of circadian rhythms on BBB function,neuronal damage,and clearance capabilities. Methods The transwell model and hemoglobin were co-cultured to simulate the BBB environment after ICH.After intervention with different light groups,neuronal apoptosis was determined,glial phagocytosis was analyzed,the expression of endogenous clearing-related proteins aquaporin 4(AQP4)and low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1(LRP1)was detected by western blotting and immunofluorescence dual standard method,and the expression of the tight junction protein occludin and melatonin receptor 1A(MTNR1A)was quantitatively analyzed. Results Circadian rhythms play a key role in maintaining the integrity of the BBB,reducing oxidative stress-induced neuronal damage,and improving microglial phagocytosis.Meanwhile,the expression of occludin and MTNR1A in neurovascular unit(NVU)co-cultured with hemoglobin improved the expression of AQP4 and LRP1,the key proteins in the NVU's endogenous brain clearance system. Conclusion Circadian rhythm(alternating black and white light)protects the NVU BBB function after ICH,promotes the expression of proteins related to the clearance of the hematoma,provides new evidence for the clinical treatment of patients recovering from ICH,and improves the circadian rhythm to promote brain metabolism and hematoma clearance.

Objective:To observe the effects of Huatan Quyu Decoction on the protein expressions of β-catenin and GSK-3 β and the expression of anticardiolipin antibody and β-amyloid protein related to cognitive function in rats with vascular dementia based on Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway.Methods:A total of 96 male SD rats were divided into blank group, model group, Donepezil hydrochloride group and Huatan Quyu Decoction low-, midium-, high-dosage group according to random number table method, with 16 rats in each group. Except for the blank group, the rat model of vascular dementia was prepared by modified 2-VO method. Huatan Quyu Decoction low-, medium- and high-dosage groups were administrated with Huatan Quyu Decoction 6.1, 12.1 and 24.2 g/kg, respectively; the Western medicine group was administrated with Donepezil hydrochloride 0.5 mg/kg; the blank group and the model group were administrated with the same amount of normal saline for 28 consecutive days. On the 1st, 7th, 14th and 28th day after administration, the learning and memory ability of rats was evaluated by Morris water maze test, the levels of ACA and Aβ in serum were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the expressions of β-catenin and GSK-3β proteins related to Wnt/β-catenin signal pathway in hippocampus were measured by Western blot.Results:Compared with model group, the escape latency was shortened in the Huatan Quyu Decoction high-dosage group and Donepezil group on 7 and 14 days of administration ( P<0.05), and the times of crossing the platform increased in Huatan Quyu Decoction high-dosage group on 1 and 28 days of administration ( P<0.05). Compared with model group, the serum ACA level in Donepezil group, Huatan Quyu Decoction medium- and high-dosage groups decreased at day 1, 7, 14 and 28 after administration ( P<0.05). The serum Aβ level in Donepezil group, Huatan Quyu Decoction medium- and high-dosage groups decreased at 7, 14 and 28 days after administration ( P<0.05); On the 14th and 28th days after administration, the levels of ACA and Aβ in TCM low-dosage group decreased ( P<0.05). Compared with model group, the expression of β-catenin protein in hippocampus of Donepezil group and Huatan Quyu Decoction medium- and high-dosage groups increased ( P<0.05), while the expression of GSK-3β in hippocampus of Donepezil group and Huatan Quyu Decoction low-, medium- and high-dosage groups decreased ( P<0.01). Conclusion:Huatan Quyu Decoction can activate the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, up-regulate the expression of β-catenin protein in hippocampal tissue of rats, inhibit the expression of GSK-3β, reduce the levels of ACA and Aβ in serum of rats, and improve the cognitive function of rats with vascular dementia.

Chronic atrophic gastritis is a common gastrointestinal disease in our country. Clinicians and patients attach great importance to the treatment and prevention of atrophic gastritis. The guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of chronic gastritis in China (2022, Shanghai) was released in March 2023. Based on content of the guidelines on the treatment and prevention of cancerization in atrophic gastritis, this article interprets the chemoprevention of cancerization in chronic atrophic gastritis.

Chronic atrophic gastritis is a common gastrointestinal disease in our country.Clinicians and patients attach great importance to the treatment and prevention of atrophic gastritis.The guidelines for diagnosis and treatment of chronic gastritis in China(2022,Shanghai)was released in March 2023.Based on content of the guidelines on the treatment and prevention of cancerization in atrophic gastritis,this article interprets the chemoprevention of cancerization in chronic atrophic gastritis.

Autoimmune gastritis is a chronic progressive inflammatory disorder associated with diverse comorbidities and complications,of which early detection and effective intervention remain challenging.This review provides a comprehensive insight into advances of research on autoimmune gastritis in pathogenesis,clinical features,diagnosis and treatment,in order to establish appropriate management strategies.

Background: ZNF460 is a member of the zinc finger protein family transcription factors, and is involved in the regulation of a variety of cellular functions. It has been demonstrated to be closely related to digestive system cancers. Aims: To analyze the expression level of ZNF460 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and explore the effect and potential mechanisms of ZNF460 on tumor cell proliferation. Methods: Immunohistochemical staining was used to determine the expression level of ZNF460 in tissue microarray of 76 HCC and paired adjacent tissues, and the correlation between ZNF460 expression and TNM staging was analyzed. The effect of ZNF460 on HCC cell proliferation was evaluated by CCK‑ 8 and colony formation assays. Genes positively related to ZNF460 expression in HCC were screened through LinkedOmics database, and the KEGG and GSEA pathway enrichment analyses were performed; the possible downstream molecules of ZNF460 were explored and verified by overexpression or knockdown of ZNF460 in HCC cells combined with luciferase reporter assay and other experiments. Results: ZNF460 was highly expressed in HCC and was positively correlated with TNM staging. ZNF460 promoted the proliferation of HCC cells, and the underlying mechanism might be associated with the transcriptional activation of ZDHHC7, the coding gene of palmitoyl transferase DHHC7 and the subsequent STAT3 palmitoylation and phosphorylation. Conclusions: ZNF460 is highly expressed in HCC and promotes cell proliferation and tumor progression via STAT3 activation. It might be a promising molecular marker and therapeutic target for HCC.

Under the organization of Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, a specialized disease database of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) cohort was deployed, and a brief introduction of the database was made in this article. The IBD data set was established by referring to domestic and foreign standards. Through data extraction, cleaning, normalization and other information processing technologies, data from multi‑source heterogeneous platform were arranged to form a specialized major disease database of IBD cohort and the efficiency and quality of data collection in clinical practice, teaching and scientific research were guaranteed. The display and personalized export capacities of the database can promote the researches on IBD and assist the clinical decision‑making. It provides not only efficient, comprehensive and reliable research‑level data support for scientific research, but also a precise guidance for diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Furthermore, it can excavate the potential clinical principles based on medical big data.

Chronic gastritis is a commonly seen disease; clinicians have always attached to the importance of understanding its etiology and clinical manifestations, standardizing its diagnosis and treatment, and preventing its progression to cancers. Based on the consensus opinions on the diagnosis and treatment of chronic gastritis in the past three editions, and referring to the international consensuses and guidelines on the management of precancerous lesions of gastric mucosa, it is of clinical value and feasibility to formulate the guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic gastritis in line with China′s national conditions. This guideline was initiated by Chinese Society of Gastroenterology, with major members of the Cancer Collaboration Group of Chinese Society of Gastroenterology serving as the convenors and authors. Based on the internationally accepted principles and methods of guideline development and the extensive collection of opinions from gastroenterologists and physicians, 53 evidence-based recommendations were given for nine major clinical problems related to chronic gastritis, aiming to improve the diagnosis, treatment and management of chronic gastritis.

To adapt to the general educational requirements for military academies to prepare for victory under the new situation, the present paper proposed the overall thought of strengthening the post education for military hygiene through analyzing the main problems and causes existing in the current education, combined with the experience and practice of foreign military post education. Moreover, we combined the current situation and reality of post education in military medical universities, and analyzed the corresponding countermeasures from the aspects of teaching staff, course construction, information construction, teaching method and assessment model, expecting to provide guidance and help for better carrying out the post education of military hygiene in the future.