The importance of evaluating the oxygen supply system of the medical aircraft was introduced.With considerations on the characteristics of the oxygen supply system of the medical aircraft during its development and application,an oxygen supply system effectiveness evaluation method was proposed based on the analytic hierarchy process and the experience of experts in the field of medical aircraft,which involved in seven evaluation indexes of total oxygen supply,pipeline airtight-ness,single-nozzle flow adjustment characteristics,single-nozzle outlet pressure adjustment characteristics,disassembly and assembly,mechanical operation and fixation ability.The effectiveness evaluation method proposed was of significance for accurately grasping the changes in the performance of the oxygen supply system.References were provided for the ground maintenance of the oxygen supply system of the medical aircraft.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(1):89-92]

AIM To explore the effect of Heidihuang Pills on renal fibrosis in a rat model of chronic renal failure(CRF)and its mechanism.METHODS Wistar rats were randomly divided into the blank group for normal feeding and the model group for the establishment of CRF rat models by 5/6 nephrectomy.Subsequently,the successfully established rat models were randomly divided into the model group,the Heidihuang Pills group(10.43 g/kg),and the Heidihuang Pills+IGF-1R blocker(JB1)group for a regimen of 7-day subcutaneous injection of 18 μg/kg JB1 followed by gavage of 10.43 g/kg Heidihuang Pills.Eight weeks after the administration,the rats had their serum levels of Scr and BUN detected;their pathological changes of renal tissue observed by HE and Masson staining;their renal protein expressions of TGF-β,HIF-1α and α-SMA detected by immunohistochemistry;their renal protein expressions of IGF-1R and TGF-β detected by Western blot;and their renal mRNA expressions of IGF-1R and TGF-β detected by RT-qPCR.RESULTS Compared with the blank group,the model group displayed increased serum levels of Scr and BUN(P＜0.05);increased,degree of renal fibrosis,and renal fibrosis area(P＜0.05);increased renal expressions of TGF-β,HIF-1α,α-SMA proteins and TGF-β mRNA(P＜0.05);and decreased expressions of IGF-1R mRNA and protein(P＜0.05).Compared with the model group,the Heidihuang Pills group displayed decreased serum Scr and BUN levels(P＜0.05);decreased inflammatory cells in renal interstitium and the fibrosis degree(P＜0.05);decreased renal expressions of TGF-β,HIF-1α,α-SMA proteins and TGF-β mRNA(P＜0.05);and increased expressions of IGF-1R mRNA and protein(P＜0.05).However,the administration of JB1 could weaken the improvement effect of Heidihuang Pills on renal fibrosis in CRF rats(P＜0.05).CONCLUSION Heidihuang Pills can inhibit the renal fibrosis in CRF rats,and the inhibition process is related to up-regulated IGF-1 expression and promoted combination of IGF-1 and IGF-1R.

Objective To investigate the effects of Tianma Jiannao Granules(derived from Banxia Baizhu Tianma Decoction)combined with hyperbaric oxygen on cognitive function,activities of daily living(ADL),and the expression levels of serum inflammatory factors,matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP-9),homocysteine(Hcy)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)in patients with vascular dementia(VD).Methods A total of 100 VD patients with wind-phlegm and stasis obstruction type were randomly divided into a trial group and a control group,50 cases in each group.The patients in the two groups were given symptomatic treatment such as controlling blood pressure,lowering blood glucose and regulating blood lipid.Additionally,the control group was given Oxiracetam Capsules orally,and the trial group was given Tianma Jiannao Granules orally combined with hyperbaric oxygen therapy on the basis of treatment for the control group.The course of treatment covered 12 weeks.The changes of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndrome scores,Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)scores,ADL scores,and the expression levels of serum inflammatory factors,neurotransmitters,apoptosis-related factors,MMP-9,Hcy and SOD in the two groups were observed before and after treatment.Results(1)The scale scoring showed that after treatment,the TCM syndrome scores and ADL scores of the two groups were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the MMSE scores were significantly increased compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05).The decrease of TCM syndrome scores and ADL scores and the increase of MMSE scores in the trial group were significantly superior to those in the control group(P＜0.01).(2)After treatment,the serum levels of inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),C-reactive protein(CRP)and interleukin 6(IL-6)in the two groups were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the decrease of serum TNF-α,CRP and IL-6 levels in the trial group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.01).(3)After treatment,the serum levels of neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine(NE),dopamine(DA)and 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)in the two groups were significantly increased compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05),and the increase of serum NE,DA and 5-HT levels in the trial group was significantly superior to that in the control group(P＜0.01).(4)After treatment,the serum level of apoptosis-related factor of heme oxygenase-1(HO-1)in the two groups was significantly increased compared with that before treatment(P＜0.05),and the levels of serum soluble apoptosis-related factors(sFAS)and their ligands(sFASL)were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05).The increase of serum HO-1 level and the decrease of serum sFAS and sFASL levels in the trial group were significantly superior to those in the control group(P＜0.01).(5)After treatment,the serum SOD level in the two groups was significantly increased compared with that before treatment(P＜0.05),and the levels of serum MMP-9 and Hcy were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment(P＜0.05).The increase of serum SOD level and the decrease of serum MMP-9 and Hcy levels in the trial group were significantly superior to those in the control group(P＜0.01).Conclusion Tianma Jiannao Granules combined with hyperbaric oxygen is effective on improving the cognitive function and ADL of VD patients,and has certain effects on counteracting inflammatory response and oxidation and on regulating the expression of neurotransmitters.

Objective To analyze the risk factors and survival status of Epstein-Barr virus(EBV)infection in pa-tients with aplastic anemia(AA)after haploid allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(Haplo-HSCT).Methods Clinical data of 78 AA patients who underwent Haplo-HSCT in the hematology department of a hospital from January 1,2019 to October 31,2022 were analyzed retrospectively.The occurrence and onset time of EBV viremia,EBV-related diseases(EBV diseases),and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders(PTLD)were ob-served,risk factors and survival status were analyzed.Results Among the 78 patients,38 were males and 40 were females,with a median age of 33(9-56)years old;53 patients experienced EBV reactivation,with a total inci-dence of 67.9％,and the median time for EBV reactivation was 33(13,416)days after transplantation.Among pa-tients with EBV reactivation,49 cases(62.8％)were simple EBV viremia,2 cases(2.6％)were possible EBV di-seases,and 2 cases(2.6％)were already confirmed EBV diseases(PTLD).Univariate analysis showed that age 1＜40 years old at the time of transplantation,umbilical cord blood infusion,occurrence of acute graft-versus-host disease(aGVHD)after transplantation,and concurrent cytomegalovirus(CMV)infection were independent risk fac-tors for EBV reactivation in AA patients after Haplo-HSCT.Multivariate analysis showed that concurrent CMV in-fection was an independent risk factor for EBV reactivation in A A patients after Haplo-HSCT(P=0.048).Ritu-ximab intervention before stem cell reinfusion was a factor affecting the duration of EBV reactivation(P＜0.05).The mortality of EBV viremia,EBV diseases,and PTLD alone were 8.2％,50.0％,and 100％,respectively.The 2-year overall survival rate of patients with and without EBV reactivation were 85.3％,and 90.7％,respectively,difference was not statistically significant(P=0.897).However,patients treated with rituximab had 2-year lower survival rate than those who did not use it,with a statistically significant difference(P=0.046).Conclusion EBV reactivation is one of the serious complications in AA patients after Haplo-HSCT,which affects the prognosis and survival of patients.

Objective To investigate the risk factors for delayed union of extra-articular fractures of the middle and lower third of the tibia treated by locking plate.Methods Total of 135 patients of extra-articular fractures of the middle and lower third of the tibia from January 2013 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed,including 85 males and 50 females,ranged from 19 to 80 years old.All cases were treated with locking plates.The patients were divided into union group and delayed union group ac-cording to the condition of fracture union.The risk factors of delayed healing were determined by univariate analysis of 14 factors that might affect fracture healing first,then the factors with significance were analyzed by binary Logistic regression.Results There were 13 patients of delayed union,and the rate of delayed union was 9.63％.Univariate analysis showed that delayed union was associated with age,smoking,reduction method,anemia and time of preoperative preparation.Regression analysis showed thatage[OR=0.849,95％CI(0.755,0.954),P=0.006],smoking[OR=0.020,95％CI(0.002,0.193),P=0.001],reduction method[OR=23.924,95％CI(2.210,258.943),P=0.009],anemia[OR=0.016,95％CI(0.001,0.289),P=0.005]were the con-tributory factors for delayed union.Conclusion Young age,smoking,closed reduction and anemia are the risk factors for de-layed union of extra-articular fractures of the middle and lower third of the tibia treated by locking plate.

Objective:To explore the vigilant attention function and behavioral changes in sleep disordered breathing(SDB) children.Methods:Thirty SDB children (SDB group) and 30 normal children (control group) were selected from June 2022 to August 2023. All participants underwent continuous performance test(CPT-AX) (Go/Nogo) and behavioral test. The latency and amplitude of contingent negative variation(CNV) components under cue/uncue conditions in leads F3, Fz and F4 were measured. The t-test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to conduct statistical analysis by SPSS 25.0 software. Results:(1) There were no statistically significant differences in the number of correct responses, reaction time and number of false alarms between the SDB group and the control group (all P>0.05).(2) The latencies of cue-CNV in the SDB group(F3: 618.00(582.50, 644.50)ms, Fz: 603.00(579.50, 634.00)ms, F4: (606.87±25.07)ms) were longer than those in the control group(F3: (508.47±25.82)ms, Fz: 502.00(470.00, 520.50)ms, F4: 514.00(487.00, 536.50)ms) in leads F3, Fz and F4. The latency of cue-CNV of lead F4 in the SDB group was higher than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05). The latencies of uncue-CNV in lead F3 and Fz in the SDB group were higher than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant (both P<0.05). Conclusion:SDB children have shown activation in the right brain area during attentional tasks, and the prolonged CNV latency may be a sensitive neuroelectrophysiological marker for early clinical assessment of vigilant attention dysfunction.

Aim To investigate the effect of discoidin domain receptor 1(DDR1)on high glucose induced endothelial cell dysfunction and the underlying mecha-nism.Methods Human umbilical vein endothelial cells(HUVECs)were cultured in vitro and divided in-to the control group and high glucose induction group(HG).HUVECs were treated with 33 mmol·L-1 D-glucose for 48 hours to construct endothelial dysfunc-tion.Pyroptosis was detected using propidium iodide staining(PI);lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)and IL-1β,IL-18 levels were determined using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA);the expression of DDR1 and NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway proteins and pyroptosis related proteinses were detected using Western blot.Subsequently,the experiment was divid-ed into the control group,HG group,HG+DDR1 NC group,and HG+DDR1 siRNA group.The effect of high glucose on the proliferation and migration of HU-VECs was observed after transfection with DDR1 siR-NA for 24 hours;ELISA was used to detect the endo-thelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS),vascular cell ad-hesion molecule-1(VCAM-1),intercellular adhesion molecule-1(ICAM-1),as well as LDH,IL-1β,IL-18 levels;PI was employed to detect pyroptosis;Western blot was applied to detect DDR1 and NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway proteins and pyroptosis related pro-teins.Results Compared with the control group,HG group decreased eNOS content,increased VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 contents,decreased cell viability and migration ability,and significantly increased the expressions of DDR1,p-NF-κB,NLRP3 and pyroptosis related pro-teins.The levels of LDH,IL-1β,IL-18 and the rate of pyroptosis significantly increased(P＜0.05).Com-pared with HG group,DDR1 siRNA could promote the secretion of eNOS,decrease the levels of VCAM-1,ICAM-1,LDH,IL-1β and IL-1 8,increase cell viability and migration ability,reduce the expression of p-NF-κB,NLRP3 and pyroptosis related proteins,and inhibit high glucose-induced pyroptosis of HUVECs(P＜0.05).Conclusions Gene silencing DDR1 can im-prove vascular endothelial cell dysfunction induced by high glucose,and the mechanism is related to the inhi-bition of NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling pathway mediated pyroptosis.

AIM: To study the correlation between meibomian gland dysfunction(MGD)patients and their sleep quality.METHODS: Retrospective case-control study. A total of 150 MGD patients treated in our hospital from January 2021 to October 2022 were selected and divided into sleep disorder group(75 cases, PSQI>10 points)and control group(75 cases, PSQI≤10 points)according to the Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI). Both groups were scored using the ocular surface disease index(OSDI), underwent meibomian gland-related examinations(eyelid margin morphology, meibomian gland secretion ability, meibomian gland secretion quality score), corneal fluorescein staining(FL)score, Schirmer Ⅰ test(SⅠt), tear film break-up time(BUT)was measured, and sleep indicators(sleep quality, sleep latency, subjective sleep quality, sleep time)were evaluated.RESULTS: There were significant differences in OSDI score, FL score, SⅠt, BUT, eyelid margin morphology score, meibomian gland secretion ability score, and meibomian gland secretion quality score between the two groups(P<0.05). In the sleep disorder group, PSQI score, sleep latency score, subjective sleep quality score, and sleep time score were significantly positively correlated with OSDI score, FL score, meibomian gland secretion ability score, and meibomian gland secretion quality score(P<0.05); PSQI score, subjective sleep quality score, and sleep time score were significantly positively correlated with eyelid margin morphology score(P<0.05); PSQI score, sleep latency score, and subjective sleep quality score were significantly negatively correlated with BUT and SⅠt(P<0.05); sleep time score was significantly negatively correlated with BUT(P<0.05); sleep latency score was not significantly correlated with eyelid margin morphology score(P>0.05); sleep time score was not significantly correlated with SⅠt(P>0.05).CONCLUSION:The ocular surface condition of MGD patients is correlated with multiple sleep quality indicators, and a decline in sleep quality may increase the risk of MGD.

According to the theory of 'Xingben Dazao' of Psoralea corylifolia Linn. (BL), the susceptible syndromes and biomarkers of liver injury caused by BL were searched. Rat models of kidney-yin deficiency syndrome (M_yin) and kidney-yang deficiency syndrome (M_yang) were established, and all animal experimental operations and welfare following the provisions of the First Affiliated Experimental Animal Ethics and Animal Welfare Committee of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (No. YFYDW2020017). The results showed that BL significantly decreased the body weight, water intake, and urine weight of M_yin rats and increase the organ indexes of the liver, testis, adrenal gland, and spleen and the expression of alanine aminotransferase (ALT). Meantime, BL significantly increased the urine weight of M_yang rats and decreased the expression of ALT and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining showed that BL could aggravate inflammatory infiltration of hepatocytes in rats with M_yin and alleviate liver injury in rats with M_yang. Metabolomics identified 17 BL co-regulated significant differential metabolic markers in M_yin and M_yang rats. Among them, 8 metabolites such as glutamine, quinolinate, biliverdin, and lactosylceramide showed opposite trends, mainly involving cysteine and methionine metabolism, tyrosine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, purine metabolism, sphingolipid metabolism, glycerol phospholipid metabolism, glutamine metabolism, and other pathways. M_yin/M_yang may be the susceptible constitution of BL for liver damage or protection, which may be related to the regulation of amino acid metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism. The study can provide some experimental data support for the safe and accurate use of BL in the clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine.

Humans ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genetics* ; Microspheres ; Antitubercular Agents/pharmacology* ; Mutation ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Fluoroquinolones ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial/genetics* ; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant/microbiology*