In 2022， Hainan provincial government launched the project for the prevention and control of viral hepatitis with the goals of a hepatitis B screening rate of 90%， a diagnostic rate of 90%， and a treatment rate of 80% among people aged 18 years and above by the year 2025， and the main intervention measures include population-based prevention， case screening， antiviral therapy， and health management. As of December 31， 2024， a total of 6.875 million individuals in the general population had been screened for hepatitis B， with a screening rate of 95.6%. A total of 184 710 individuals with positive HBsAg were identified， among whom 156 772 were diagnosed through serological reexamination， resulting in a diagnostic rate of 84.9%. A total of 50 742 patients with chronic hepatitis B were identified， among whom 42 921 had hepatitis B-specific health records established for health management， with a file establishment rate of 84.6%. A total of 31 553 individuals received antiviral therapy， with a treatment rate of 62.2%. A total of 2.503 million individuals at a high risk of hepatitis C were screened， among whom 4 870 tested positive for HCV antibody and 3 858 underwent HCV RNA testing， resulting in a diagnostic rate of 79.2%， and 1 824 individuals with positive HCV RNA were identified， among whom 1 194 received antiviral therapy， with a treatment rate of 65.5%. In addition， 159 301 individuals with negative HBsAg and anti-HBs and an age of 20 — 40 years were inoculated with hepatitis B vaccine free of charge. Through the implementation of the project for the prevention and control of viral hepatitis， a large number of hepatitis patients have been identified， treated， and managed in the province within a short period of time， which significantly accelerates the efforts to eliminate the crisis of viral hepatitis.

With the rapid development of social economy and the continuous improvement of human living standard, the incidence, fatality and recurrence rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) are increasing year by year, which seriously affects people's life and health. Conventional therapeutic drugs have limited improvement on the disability rate, so the search for new therapeutic drugs and action targets has become one of the hotspots of current research. In recent years, the therapeutic role of the natural compound rosmarinic acid (RA) in CVD has attracted much attention, which is capable of preventing CVD by modulating multiple signalling pathways and exerting physiological activities such as antioxidant, anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-platelet aggregation, as well as anti-coagulation and endothelial function protection. In this paper, the role of RA in the prevention of CVD is systematically sorted out, and its mechanism of action is summarised and analysed, with a view to providing a scientific basis and important support for the in-depth exploration of the prevention value of RA in CVD and its further development as a prevention drug.

ObjectiveTo learn the density and seasonal variation of adult mosquitoes in Pudong New Area of Shanghai, and to explore the influence of meteorological factors on the density of adult mosquitoes. MethodsFrom April to November in 2017‒2021, adult mosquito density in Pudong New Area was monitored every ten days a time by using CO₂ trapping light method. Meteorological data were collected during the same time, and Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression model were used to investigate the correlation between adult mosquito density and meteorological factors. ResultsThe seasonal variation of adult mosquito density showed a single-peak pattern, with the peak of 7.09 mosquitoes·(set·time)^-1 in July. The adult mosquito density was positively correlated with the monthly average temperature, monthly maximum temperature, monthly minimum temperature, and monthly average relative humidity (r=0.813, 0.793, 0.820, 0.617, all P<0.05), but negatively correlated with monthly average air pressure (r=-0.738, P<0.05). The regression equation of the adult mosquito density and monthly minimum temperature in Pudong New Area of Shanghai was Y=0.066 X₃-0.884, with a corrected R² of 0.673, indicating a good model fitting. ConclusionThe overall seasonal variation of adult mosquito density in Pudong New Area showed a single-peak pattern. The density of adult mosquitoes was correlated with the monthly average temperature, monthly maximum temperature, monthly minimum temperature, monthly average relative humidity, and monthly average air pressure, and linearly correlated with monthly minimum temperature.

Taking the theory of zang-qiao （脏窍， viscera and orifices） as the framework， this paper elaborates on the connotation and expression of the holistic concept of zang-qiao. It expounds the concept from two dimensions， which are "integration of viscera and orifices" and "integration of the seven orifices"， and explains the diagnostic and therapeutic approach characterized by "inferring the condition of the viscera through the orifices and conducting comprehensive diagnosis" in the context of ear， nose， pharynx and larynx diseases. Moreover， it explores specific therapeutic strategies for orifice-related diseases in otorhinolaryngology， including treatment of the orifices via viscera， simultaneous treatment of viscera and orifices， and external therapies targeting the orifices， which provides a multidimensional thinking model and practical path for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

ObjectiveTo investigate the status of tooth loss in people aged 50 and above, so as to understand their oral health status and provide scientific evidences for promoting oral health of middle-aged and elderly people. MethodsA total of 400 patients who visited the department of stomatology at Sijing Hospital in Songjiang District of Shanghai were performed oral health examinations and their information was collected according to the national epidemiological survey standards for oral health. ResultsThere were statistically significant differences in tooth loss among people aged 50 and above with different ages, educational levels, occupations, types of medical insurance and chronic diseases (P<0.05), but gender and monthly income had no statistically significant correlations with tooth loss (P>0.05). Among lifestyle factors, smoking, alcohol consumption and tea drinking had no statistically significant impacts on the number of remaining teeth (P>0.05), but toothbrushing frequency, flossing frequency, toothpick use frequency, toothbrush replacement frequency, and tooth loosening were statistically associated with the number of remaining teeth (P<0.05). Multiple linear regression analyses indicated that a total of 7 related factors including age, educational level, occupation, medical payment type, chronic disease, tooth loosening and toothpick use frequency were significantly associated with the number level of remaining teeth in individuals aged 50 and above. ConclusionAge, chronic disease, and tooth loosening were influencing factors affecting the number of teeth left in people aged 50 and above. It is recommended to strengthen oral health education and improve healthcare awareness to reduce the risk of tooth loss in people aged 50 and above.

OBJECTIVE To prepare hyaluronic acid （HA）-modified emodin （EMD）-contained multi-walled carbon nanotubes （MWCNTs） drug delivery system （HA-MWCNTs-EMD） and explore its in vitro inhibitory effect on breast cancer cells. METHODS EMD was loaded onto MWCNTs to prepare a drug delivery system MWCNTs-EMD； subsequently， the system was further modified with HA to obtain the drug delivery system HA-MWCNTs-EMD. The two drug delivery systems mentioned above were characterized. With free EMD as the reference， the drug release in vitro of the above two drug delivery systems was investigated； the uptake of EMD by two breast cancer cells （MCF-7， MDA-MB-231 cells） was detected. The impacts of the above two drug delivery systems on the expression of surface glycoprotein differentiation group 44 （CD44）， activity， apoptosis and lactate dehydrogenase （LDH） release of two breast cancer cells were detected. RESULTS The encapsulation efficiencies of MWCNTs-EMD and HA-MWCNTs-EMD were both （63.52±2.74）%， with drug loading rates of （25.01±1.83）% and （12.13± 1.96）%， particle sizes of （865.95±2.16） and （351.86±1.68） nm， polydispersity indexes of 0.54±0.02 and 0.23±0.01， and Zeta potentials of （23.87±0.14） and （－42.79±0.39） mV， respectively. The 2， 4， 6， 8， 10， 12 and 24-hour cumulative release rates of EMD in MWCNTs-EMD and HA-MWCNTs-EMD were significantly lower than those in free EMD， while the cumulative release rate of HA-MWCNTs-EMD was significantly higher than that of MWCNTs-EMD （P＜0.05）； the EMD uptakes of MWCNTs-EMD and HA-MWCNTs-EMD by the two types of breast cancer cells were significantly higher than their uptake of free EMD （P＜0.05）. Compared with the free EMD group， the MWCNTs-EMD and MWCNTs-EMD groups showed significantly higher apoptosis rate and LDH release， significantly lower surface CD44 expression （except for the MWCNTs-EMD group） and cell viability in both cell types， and the effect of HA-MWCNTs-EMD was more pronounced （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS A novel drug delivery system HA-MWCNTs- EMD loaded with EMD is developed successfully； the drug delivery system has a certain slow-release effect， which can significantly reduce the activity of breast cancer cells， promote their apoptosis and increase the release of LDH， and the above anti- breast cancer effect is significantly stronger than that of free EMD and MWCNTs-EMD.

AIM:To compare the differences, correlations and consistency of IOL Master 700 or Lenstar LS900 in preoperative ocular biometry and the accuracy of intraocular lens(IOL)degree calculation of cataract patients with high myopia.METHODS: Retrospective study. A total of 136 cases(136 eyes)of high myopia and cataract patients who underwent phacoemulsification at the ophthalmology department of Army Medical Center of PLA from March 2021 to March 2023 were collected, with a mean age of 57.38±8.08 years. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on axial length(AL): 41 eyes in group A(26 mm≤ AL ≤28 mm), 43 eyes in group B(28 mm< AL ≤30 mm)and 52 eyes in group C(AL >30 mm). AL, mean keratometry(Km), anterior chamber depth(ACD), lens thickness(LT)and white-to-white(WTW)were preoperatively measured by two instruments, respectively. Barrett Universal II formula was used to calculate the IOL degrees of all patients, the appropriate reserved diopter was decided individually, and the prediction error(PE)and absolute error(AE)of the two instruments were compared.RESULTS:The AL and ACD of patients in the three groups measured by Lenstar LS900 were higher than the AL measurd by IOL Master 700(all P<0.05), with a difference of AL measured by the two devices: group C>group B>group A. However, there was no statistical significance in LT, Km, and WTW measured by the two instruments(all P>0.05). All biometric parameters measured by the two devices were positively correlated(all r>0.9, P<0.05), and consistent(95% LoA of all groups were narrow). There was no statistically significant difference in AE calculated by the two devices(P>0.05), but the IOL Master 700 calculated a smaller PE than Lenstar LS900(P<0.05), with lower percentage of hyperopic shift in IOL Master 700.CONCLUSION:In cataract patients with high myopia, AL measured by Lenstar LS900 is longer than that by IOL Master 700, and the differences of AL increase along with the growth of AL. Both devices have a good prediction for IOL calculation, but IOL Master 700 has less refractive error, lower percentage of hyperopic shift, and greater clinical advantages IOL Master 700.

AIM: To predict the core targets and related signaling pathways of Yi-xin-yin oral liquid for the treatment of arrhythmia, heart failure and myocarditis based on UHPLC-Q-TOF/MS, network pharmacology, molecular docking methods, cell experiments, according to the“homotherapy for heteropathy”theory in traditional Chinese medicine. METHODS: UHPLC-Q-TOF / MS was used to analyze and identify the chemical composition of Yi-xin-yin oral liquid Extract and the blood-absorbing components of rats oral administrated with Yi-xin-yin oral liquid extract, which compounds were applied in the databases searching for the potential targets (TCMSP, SwissTargetPrediction) and disease targets (OMIM, Genecard). Venn diagram was used for target intersection, and the subsequent protein-protein interaction network obtained core targets by STRING11.5 database, and then construct a "disease-component-target" network by cytoscape3.9.0. Finally, DAVID database was used to analysis GO function and KEGG enrichment analysis of core targets, and molecular docking validation was performed using Autodock vina software. And, validated with H9c2 cells for potential active ingredients and targets. RESULTS: A total of 156 compounds were identified from Yi - xin-yin Oral Liquid extract; 34 compounds were identified from rat serum, including 6-gin-gerol, isoliquiritigenin, glycyrrhizic acid and other compounds, and 139 intersecting targets were obtained. The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis mainly involved the TNF signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and so on. The TNF and IL-6 targets were selected for molecular docking with the main compounds, and the docking results were good (less than -5 kcal/mol). In vitro cellular experiments have shown that Yi-xin-yin oral liquid can exert therapeutic effects by regulating TNF and IL-6. CONCLUSION: The main potential active ingredients of Yi-xin-yin oral liquid may be isoliquiritigenin, glycyrrhetinic acid, calycosin-7-glucoside, salvianolic acid B, and 6-gingerol, which mainly act on TNF, IL-6 and other targets to regulate specific signaling pathways and exert therapeutic effects.

Based on the literature study,the thoughts and possible therapeutic mechanism in treating male infertility from the perspective of spleen and kidney by regulating intestinal flora were explored.Disturbance of intestinal flora is one of the important factors leading to the development of male infertility,and the spleen and kidney have certain similarities to intestinal flora in the physiological function and pathological changes.Moreover,tonifying the kidney and strengthening the spleen can regulate the intestinal flora by fostering the growth of beneficial bacteria,inhibiting the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria,and protecting the barrier of the intestinal mucosa.Therefore,the possible therapeutic mechanisms in treating male infertility with the prescriptions for tonifying the kidney and strengthening the spleen to regulate intestinal flora are as follows:inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors to reduce the inflammatory reaction of testicular tissues;improving the antioxidant capacity to alleviate the damage of spermatozoa caused by oxidative stress,and improving the bad mood to alleviate the impact of psychological stress on the reproductive system.The exploration of the thoughts for treating male infertility from the perspective of spleen and kidney by regulating intestinal flora may provide a new entry point for modern Chinese medicine clinical treatment of male infertility.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of pomalidomide(POM)on airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in rats with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods Thirty-six SD rats were randomly divided into control group,model group and POM group,with 12 in each group,half male and half female.The COPD model was established by smoke exposure combined with Klebsiella pneumoniae infection in model group and POM group.The rats in POM group were treated with POM(0.5 mg/kg,once a day for 1 week).The lung function,lung tissue pathology,the proportion of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF)and the levels of serum inflammatory factors tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6 and IL-13 were observed and detected in each group.AB-PAS staining and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze the proliferation of goblet cells and the secretion of mucin(MUC)5AC and MUC5B in airway epithelium of rats.The expression levels of TNF-α receptor 1(TNFR1),IκB kinase(IKK),phosphorylated IKK(p-IKK)and P65 protein in lung tissue were detected by Western blotting.Results Compared with control group,model group showed significant decreased of tidal volume(TV),minute ventilation(MV),forced expiratory vital capacity(FVC),0.1s forced expiratory volume(FEV0.1)and 0.3 s forced expiratory volume(FEV0.3)(P<0.05),increased of the mean linear intercept(MLI)of the alveoli(P<0.01),decreased of the mean alveolar number(MAN)(P<0.01),increased of the proportion of neutrophils and lymphocytes in BALF sediment(P<0.05),and decreased of the proportion of macrophages in BALF sediment(P<0.01);increased of the levels of serum inflammatory factors TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-13 and IL-6(P<0.05),the proportion of goblet cells in airway epithelium(P<0.01),the secretion of MUC5AC and MUC5B in lung tissue(P<0.01),the content of TNFR1 and the ratio of p-IKK/IKK(P<0.01),the content of P65 in nucleus(P<0.01);and decreased of the content of P65 in cytoplasm(P<0.05).Compared with model group,after one week of POM treatment,POM group showed significant improved of the TV,MV,FVC,FEV0.1,FEV0.3,MLI and MAN of rats(P<0.05);decreased of the proportion of neutrophils and lymphocytes in BALF(P<0.05);increased of the proportion of macrophages(P<0.01);decreased of the levels of serum TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6 and IL-13(P<0.05),the proportion of goblet cells in airway(P<0.01),the secretion of MUC5AC and MUC5B(P<0.01),and the expression of TNFR1,P-IKK and P65(nucleus)(P<0.05);and increased of the level of P65(cytoplasm)(P<0.01).Conclusions POM can improve airway inflammation and mucus hypersecretion in COPD rats,which may be achieved by inhibiting TNF-α/NF-κB signaling pathway.