OBJECTIVE: To explore the distribution characteristics of main antigen gene frequencies of Duffy,Diego,Kidd,Dombrock,MNS,Lutheran,Kell,Colton,Scianna,Yt,Knops and Indian in red blood cell blood group system of Li nationality in Hainan Province. METHODS: Antigens in twelve rare blood group systems of 214 Li people in Hainan Province were genotyped and analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP). RESULTS: The gene frequency of antigens in twelve rare blood group systems of 214 Li people in Hainan Province including: the gene frequency of Duffy blood group system: fy CONCLUSION The genetic distribution and genetic status in twelve rare blood group systems of Li nationality in Hainan Province are relatively stable. The gene distribution of Duffy, Diego, Kidd, Drombrock, MNS and Lutheran blood group systems are polymorphic and show unique distribution characteristics compared with other regions and different nationalities. The gene frequency distribution of Kell、Colton、Scianna、Yt、Knops、Indian blood group systems are monomorphic.
Blood Group Antigens/genetics* ; Ethnic Groups ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Kidd Blood-Group System ; Polymorphism, Genetic

OBJECTIVES: Due to the genetic feature of high diversity than other DNA markers, short tandem repeat (STR) plays key roles in forensic, anthropology, and population genetics. Newly introduced multiple STR kit is more valuable because of the greatly improved discriminatory power with the increase in the number of STR loci. The genetic polymorphic data are essential for the application and research in specific population. This study aims to investigate the genetic polymorphism of Han population residing in Yuncheng district, Shanxi Province, to evaluate the application of 23 STR loci in forensic personal identification and paternity test, and to explore the genetic relationship of Han population between Yuncheng and other populations. METHODS: A total of 23 STR loci were amplified from 525 healthy unrelated individuals from the Han nationality in Yuncheng, Shanxi Province using the AGCU EX25 amplification kit. The products were detected and separated by ABI 3500 Genetic Analyzer. Alleles were genotyped by GeneMapper ID (Version 3.2) software, and corresponding frequencies and forensic parameters were calculated. We calculated the genetic distance and plotted the neighboring-joining tree with other 13 population. RESULTS: The allele frequency of the 23 STRs ranged from 0.0010 to 0.5090. No deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium ( CONCLUSIONS These 23 STRs are highly genetic polymorphic and informative in the Han population of Yuncheng, Shanxi Province, which can provide basic data for forensic personal identification, paternity testing, and population genetic research.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group/genetics* ; China ; Ethnic Groups/genetics* ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Loci ; Genetics, Population ; Humans ; Microsatellite Repeats/genetics* ; Polymorphism, Genetic

To understand the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype distribution characteristics in Xinjiang region. 6462 cases with chronic HCV infection that were treated at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2013 to September 2018 were selected, and repeated testers were excluded. A total of 4773 cases with HCV genotypes were efficiently included. PCR-reverse dot hybridization method was used to retrospectively analyze the genotypes distribution. (2) test or F-test was used for intergroup comparison. < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Five genotypes were detected in 4 773 samples: genotype 1b 2928 cases (61.3%), genotype 2a 1241 cases (26%), and genotype 3a 375 cases (7.9%), genotype 3b 205 cases (4.3%), and genotype 6a 24 cases (0.5%). Patients were 48.14 ± 13.93 years old. Genotype 1b was mainly detected in all age groups. There were 2 965 cases of Han ethnicity and 1808 cases of 19 ethnic minorities, of which 1798 cases (60.6%) and 1130 cases (62.5%) were genotype 1b, and 235 cases (7.9%) and 345 cases (19.1%) were genotype 3, respectively. Among the ethnic minorities, Uyghur were the predominant, and genotype 6a could be detected; however, no other ethnic groups had detected genotype 6a. There were 704 Uyghur of genotype 1b (62.1%), 269 Uyghur of genotype 3 (23.7%), and 235 Hans of genotype 3 (7.9%). There were 2 413 males and 2 360 females, of which 1 418 males (58.8%), and 1 510 females (64%) were of genotype 1b, and 424 males (17.6%), and 156 females (6.6%) were of genotype 3. There was a statistically significant difference between the gender of patients with genotype 1b and non-genotype 1b ( < 0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the detection rate of genotype 2a, 3a, 3b, 6a between Han and ethnic minority patients ( < 0.05). HCV genotypes distribution in Xinjiang region is diverse, and is mainly type 1b. An ethnic minority has higher proportion of HCV genotype 3 than that of Han ethnicity. HCV genotypes detection in Xinjiang region enriches the distribution characteristics of HCV genotypes and provides a basis for individualizing treatment for patients in China.
Adult ; China ; Ethnic Groups ; Female ; Genotype ; Hepacivirus ; genetics ; Hepatitis C ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minority Groups ; Retrospective Studies

Diagnosis of pre-lingual hearing loss (HL) is difficult owing to the high number of genes responsible. The most frequent cause of HL is DFNB1 due to mutations in the GJB2 gene. It represents up to 40% of HL cases in some populations. In Iran, it has previously been shown that DFNB1 accounts for 16-18% of cases but varies among different ethnic groups. Here, we reviewed results from our three previous publications and data from other published mutation reports to provide a comprehensive collection of data for GJB2 mutations and HL in northern Iran. In total, 903 unrelated families from six different provinces, viz., Gilan, Mazandaran, Golestan, Ghazvin, Semnan, and Tehran, were included and analyzed for the type and prevalence of GJB2 mutations. A total of 23 different genetic variants were detected from which 18 GJB2 mutations were identified. GJB2 mutations were 20.7% in the studied northern provinces, which was significantly higher than that reported in southern populations of Iran. Moreover, a gradient in the frequency of GJB2 mutations from north to south Iran was observed. c.35delG was the most common mutation, accounting for 58.4% of the cases studied. This study suggests that c.35delG mutation in GJB2 is the most important cause of HL in northern Iran.
Diagnosis ; Ethnic Groups ; Genetic Counseling ; Genetics ; Hearing Loss ; Hearing ; Humans ; Iran ; Prevalence

OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of inhibitory KIR (iKIR) and its cognate HLA ligand in the occurrence and development of cervical cancer among ethnic Han Chinese and its potential mechanism. METHODS: Peripheral blood samples from 265 Han Chinese patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)/cervical cancer and 200 ethnically matched healthy controls were collected. The results of KIR PCR-SSP, HLA PCR-rSSO and KIR3DL1 PCR-SBT, together with cervical cancer data from the TCGA database, were used to assess the association of iKIR genes, receptor-ligand gene combinations, iKIR transcription level in the tumor tissue and the KIR3DL1 alleles with the occurrence and development of cervical cancer. RESULTS: Among the four iKIR genes (KIR2DL1, 2DL2/3, 3DL1 and 3DL2), the frequencies of KIR3DL1 and KIR3DL1-HLA-Bw4 genes among controls were significantly higher than those of the cervical cancer group (96.5% vs. 87.0%, P = 0.018; 81.5% vs. 64.8%, P=0.009). The survival rate of cervical cancer patients with a high transcription level of KIR3DL1 in tumor tissues was significantly higher than those with a low/medium transcription level (P=0.028). The frequency of strong-inhibitory and high-expression KIR3DL1*01502 allele among the healthy population was significantly higher than that of the cervical cancer group (76.0% vs. 59.3%, P =0.015). CONCLUSION Combined KIR3DL1 and KIR3DL1-HLA-Bw4 can confer a protective effect against the development of cervical cancer, which may be attributed to the strong-inhibitory and high-expression allele of KIR3DL1*01502.
Alleles ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; China ; Ethnic Groups ; Female ; HLA-B Antigens ; genetics ; Humans ; Protective Factors ; Receptors, KIR ; Receptors, KIR3DL1 ; genetics ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; genetics

Animals ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; genetics ; China ; epidemiology ; Ethnic Groups ; genetics ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Mice ; Muscle Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Risk Factors

Population genetic and human genetic studies are being accelerated with genome technology and data sharing. Accordingly, in the past 10 years, several countries have initiated genetic research using genome technology and identified the genetic architecture of the ethnic groups living in the corresponding country or suggested the genetic foundation of a social phenomenon. Genetic research has been conducted from epidemiological studies that previously described the health or disease conditions in defined population. This perspective summarizes national genome projects conducted in the past 10 years and introduces case studies to utilize genomic data in genetic research.
Epidemiologic Studies ; Ethnic Groups ; Genetic Research ; Genetics ; Genome ; Genome, Human* ; Genomics ; Human Genome Project* ; Humans ; Humans* ; Information Dissemination

Population genetic and human genetic studies are being accelerated with genome technology and data sharing. Accordingly, in the past 10 years, several countries have initiated genetic research using genome technology and identified the genetic architecture of the ethnic groups living in the corresponding country or suggested the genetic foundation of a social phenomenon. Genetic research has been conducted from epidemiological studies that previously described the health or disease conditions in defined population. This perspective summarizes national genome projects conducted in the past 10 years and introduces case studies to utilize genomic data in genetic research.
Epidemiologic Studies ; Ethnic Groups ; Genetic Research ; Genetics ; Genome ; Genome, Human ; Genomics ; Human Genome Project ; Humans ; Humans ; Information Dissemination

OBJECTIVETo study the gene polymorphism distribution characteristics of human platelet HPA-1-5 and 15 blood group antigens and construct a certain scale of platelet HPA database in the north area of Henan Province so as to provide platelet apheresis for clinical departments.

METHODSUsing polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP), the genotyping of HPA-1-5 and 15 system was carried out; the periperal blood of 500 healthy Han donors in north area of Henan Province was collected randomly, the gene and genotype frequencies were detected by direct counting method, and the population distribution frequncy of HPA genes was analyzed by Hardy-Weinberg balance test, and compared with other regions and ethnics by using χ(2) test.

RESULTSThere was statistically significant (P < 0.05) of increase HPA-3b and HPA-5a in North area of Henan Province, compared with Chinese Han population; the HPA-3b and 5a increase and HPA-2a decrease were statistically significant (P < 0.05), compared with Ethnic minority of China. There was partly increase of HPA-1a, 2a, 3a and 5a, compared with different regions and ethnic in abroad. HPA allele genes of 500 Han donors in the North area of Henan Province were as follows: 0.985 and 0.015 for 1a and 1b; 0.924 and 0.076 for 2a and 2b; 0.469 and 0.531 for 3a and 3b; 1.000 and 1.000 for 4a and 5a; 0.532 and 0.468 for 15a and 15b, respectively. HPA allele gene frequencies were 1aa0.970, 1ab0.030; 2aa0.848, 2ab0.152; 3aa0.222, 3ab0.494, 3bb0.284; 4aa1.000; 5aa1.000; 15aa0.282, 15ab0.500, 15bb0.218. Compared with other regions and ethnic, HPA gene frequencies partly had statistical significance.

CONCLUSIONDistribution of HPA allele frequencies in the North area of Henan province is in accordence with the Hardy-Weinberg law. There are race and regional differences in HPA allele gene frequencies, compared with other regions and countries. And the HPA systems HPA-3 and 15 display the genetic polymorphisms, which provides a theoretical basis for the relevant research of the same type platelet infusion and alloimmune thrombocytopenia.

Alleles ; Antigens, CD ; genetics ; Antigens, Human Platelet ; genetics ; Blood Platelets ; China ; DNA Primers ; Ethnic Groups ; GPI-Linked Proteins ; genetics ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Neoplasm Proteins ; genetics ; Plateletpheresis ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic

OBJECTIVETo investigate the gene mutation spectrum of β-thalassemia in Dai ethnic population of 2 border region in Chinese Yunnan Province.

METHODSThe patients with β-thalassemia in Dai ethnic population of Dehong and Xishuangbanna autonamic prefecture were screened by using blood routine detection and capillary electrophoresis. The β-globin gene mutation in patients with β-thalassemia were detected by using PCR reverse dot-blot hybridization (PCR-RDB), the constitutive rate of gene mutation in patients with β-thalassemia of Dai ethnic population in two border regions was analyzed and compared.

RESULTSA total of 186 patients with gene mutation of β-thalassemia were confirmed. Among them, 10 gene mutation were found, and the 5 main gene mutations were CD26 (62.56%), CD41-42 (18.97%), CD17 (14.36%), CD71-72 (2.05%) and IVS-II-654 (1.54%). Among Dai ethinic population in Dehong region, 4 gene mutations were found including CD26 (80.31%), CD17 (11.02%), CD41-42 (6.30%) and CD71-72 (2.36%). Among Dai ethinic population in Xishuangbanna region, 6 gene mutations were found, out of them the more common gene mutations were CD41-42 (42.64%), CD26 (29.41%) and CD17 (20.59%).

CONCLUSIONThe gene mutations of β-thalassemia in Dai ethinic population of Yunnan province has been confirmed to be more genetic heterogenicity, the spectrums of β-thalassemia mutations in Dai ethinic population of different regions were significant different.

Antigens, CD ; genetics ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; China ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Electrophoresis, Capillary ; Ethnic Groups ; Genetic Therapy ; Humans ; Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; beta-Globins ; genetics ; beta-Thalassemia ; ethnology ; genetics