Objective:To investigate the level of beliefs about medication in young patients with newly treated pulmonary tuberculosis and analyze its influencing factors.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. Using the convenient sampling method, a total of 320 young newly treated pulmonary tuberculosis patients who visited the designated tuberculosis hospitals in Kashgar Prefecture and Hotan Prefecture of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from January 2022 to April 2023 were selected as the research objects. The investigation was carried out with the General Information Questionnaire, Beliefs about Medicines Questionaire Specific (BMQ-S), 8-Item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale (MMAS-8), Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire (BIPQ) and Tuberculosis-related Stigma Scale (TSS). Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of medication beliefs in young patients with newly treated tuberculosis.Results:A total of 320 questionnaires were distributed in this study, and 302 valid questionnaires were collected, with an effective response rate of 94.38% (302/320). The total score of BMQ-S of 302 young patients with newly treated tuberculosis was -1.00 (-2.00, 1.00), MMAS-8 score was 5.38 (4.75, 5.75), BIPQ score was 37.00 (24.00, 44.00) and TSS score was 48.00 (44.00, 52.00). The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that comorbidities, medication adherence, disease perception and stigma were the influencing factors of medication beliefs in young newly treated pulmonary tuberculosis patients ( P<0.01) . Conclusions:The medication belief level of young patients with newly treated pulmonary tuberculosis needs to be improved. Medical staff should correct the negative cognition of the patient's disease, emphasize the benefits of drug treatment and enhance the patients' beliefs in the necessity of medication.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy and safety of plerixafor combined with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in mobilizing peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cells in patients with lymphoma. METHODS: The clinical data of lymphoma patients who received autologous hematopoietic stem cell mobilization using plerixafor combined with G-CSF from January 2019 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients received 3 kinds of mobilization regimens: front-line steady-state mobilization, preemptive intervention, and recuse mobilization. The acquisition success rate, excellent rate of collection, and incidence of treatment-related adverse reaction were counted. The influence of sex, age, disease remission status, bone marrow involvement at diagnosis, chemotherapy lines, number of chemotherapy, platelet count and number of CD34⁺ cells on the day before acquisition in peripheral blood on the collection results were analyzed to identify the risk factors associated with poor stem cell collection. RESULTS: A total of 43 patients with lymphoma were enrolled, including 7 cases who received front-line steady-state mobilization, 19 cases who received preemptive intervention, and 17 cases who received recuse mobilization. The overall acquisition success rate was 58.1% (25/43) after use of plerixafor combined with G-CSF, and acquisition success rate of front-line steady-state mobilization, preemptive intervention, and recuse mobilization was 100%, 57.9%(11/19), and 41.2%(7/17), respectively. The excellent rate of collection was 18.6%(8/43). A total of 15 patients experienced mild to moderate treatment-related adverse reactions. The number of CD34⁺ cells < 5 cells/μl in peripheral blood on the day before collection was an independent risk factor affecting stem cell collection. CONCLUSIONS Plerixafor combined with G-CSF is a safe and effective mobilization regimen for patients with lymphoma. The number of CD34⁺ cells in peripheral blood on the day before collection is an predictable index for the evaluation of stem cell collection.
Humans ; Antigens, CD34/metabolism* ; Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor/therapeutic use* ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization/methods* ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Heterocyclic Compounds/therapeutic use* ; Lymphoma/drug therapy* ; Multiple Myeloma/drug therapy* ; Retrospective Studies ; Transplantation, Autologous

Objective To investigate the possible mechanism of Xuebijing injection in regulating abnormal degradation of pulmonary vascular endothelial calyx to improve acute lung injury induced by severe heatstroke.Methods Forty-eight Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group,heatstroke group and Xuebijing group.Before heatstroke induction,rats in Xuebijing group were administrated with Xuebijing injection(2 ml/kg,2 times/d)for 3 days.All rats were exposed to an environment with temperature of(40±2)℃and humidity of 65%±5%for 60 minutes to induce heatstroke.Two hours later,the lung wet/dry weight ratio was recorded;the concentration of proteins in BALF was measured;the pulmonary vascular permeability was measured by Evans blue(EB);HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of lung tissue;the changes of hyaluronic acid(HA)on the surface of pulmonary vessels were observed by immunofluorescence;Western blotting was used to detect the expression of Syndecan-1,Glypican-1,VE-Cadherin,Occludin,VCAM-1 and E-selectin in lung tissues;Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was utilized to quantify the concentration of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α),interleukin-6(IL-6)in serum and heparanase(HPA)in lung tissue.Results Xuebijing could decrease the lung wet/dry weight ratio,reduce protein exudation and improve pulmonary vascular permeability(P<0.01);reduce the histological injury(P<0.01);reduce the degradation of HA,Syndecan-1 and Glypican-1 on the surface of pulmonary vessels(P<0.01);increase the expression of VE-Cadherin and Occludin(P<0.01);regulate the overexpression of VCAM-1 and E-selectin(P<0.01);down-regulate the expression of TNF-α,IL-6 and HPA(P<0.01).Conclusion Xuebijing injection decrease the expression of HPA,improve the disintegration of pulmonary vascular endothelial calyx,repair the integrity of pulmonary vessels,reduce the damage of cell connections,down-regulate the expression of adhesion molecules,inhibit the inflammatory reaction,relieving acute lung injury caused by severe heat stroke.

Objective:To explore the mediating effect of medication self-efficacy between perceived social support and compliance behavior in young patients with newly treated pulmonary tuberculosis under the Southern Xinjiang Model.Methods:A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Kashgar Tuberculosis Prevention and Control Institute Hospital and Tuberculosis Specialist Hospital of Hetian from January 2022 to April 2023. A total of 302 young patients with initial treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis in were selected as the research objects by convenience sampling method. The General Information Questionnaire, the Tuberculosis Compliance Behavior Rating Scale, Perceived Social Support Scale and Self-efficacy for Appropriate Medication Use scale were used to investigate, and the correlation analysis and mediating effect analysis were carried out.Results:The total scores of compliance behavior, self-efficacy and perceived social support were (119.09 ± 13.49), (23.48 ± 6.25) and (55.67 ± 11.33) respectively. All dimensions of medication self-efficacy and perceived social support were positively correlated with compliance behavior ( r values were 0.555 - 0.943, all P<0.01), and medication self-efficacy was positively correlated with perceived social support ( r = 0.981, P<0.01). Medication self-efficacy played a partial mediating effect between perceived social support and compliance behavior, accounting for 74.46% of the total effect. Conclusions:The medication self-efficacy of young patients with newly treated pulmonary tuberculosis is the mediating variable between perceived social support and compliance behavior. Medical staff should focus on and carefully evaluate the medication self-efficacy and perceived social support of patients, so as to give supportive intervention in time, so as to change or even reverse the non-compliance behavior and improve the compliance level of patients.

Non-syndromic oral cleft (NSOC), a common birth defect, remains to be a critical public health problem in China. In the context of adjustment of childbearing policy for two times in China and the increase of pregnancy at older childbearing age, NSOC risk prediction will provide evidence for high-risk population identification and prenatal counseling. Genome-wide association study and second generation sequencing have identified multiple loci associated with NSOC, facilitating the development of genetic risk prediction of NSOC. Despite the marked progress, risk prediction models of NSOC still faces multiple challenges. This paper summarizes the recent progress in research of NSOC risk prediction models based on the results of extensive literature retrieval to provide some insights for the model development regarding research design, variable selection, model-build strategy and evaluation methods.
Humans ; Cleft Palate/genetics* ; Cleft Lip/genetics* ; Genome-Wide Association Study ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Risk Factors ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

For a long time, the cultivation of medical students’ scientific research and innovation abilitymainly depends on scattered extracurricular scientific research activities. With limited students, unsystematic teaching and inadequate administrative guarantee, it often results in obvious weakness andinefficiency. Since 2002, the Biochemistry and Molecular Biology teaching team in Shantou UniversityMedical College has been working on a “3+X” model to nurture the scientific research and innovationability of medical students. Guided by the concepts of complementary development of science andeducation, student-centeredness, and Problem-based Learning, a model is established based on the‘HEART” professionalism courses and the academy culture specific to Shantou University. We also takefull advantage of the first-tier disciplines of biology, basic medicine and clinical medicine in ShantouUniversity and collaborate with other professional teaching teams. It is conceptualized in a framework thatembraces the comprehensive connotation of scientific research and innovation ability and adopts a corecurriculum system that runs through the 5-year medical undergraduate education. In this model, " 3" means " whole-person training", " whole-process training" and " omni-directional training" for medicalstudents; " X" refers to several confirmatory dimensions of the operational effectiveness of the " 3+X" model, including organizing medical students to participate in various forms of national college students’ innovative experimental research competitions, international college students’ academic seminars, writingand publishing academic papers by medical undergraduates as the first author, etc. The model proves tobe effective in cultivating the scientific research and innovation ability of medical students, hence settinga good example to solve the current problems in the cultivation of medical students’ scientific researchand innovation ability.

Baimai is a complex of structure and function with the characteristics of wide distribution, complex structure, and multi-dimensional functions. Baimai, consisting of the channels in brain, the internal hidden channels connecting the viscera, and the external channels linking the limbs, governs the sensory, motor, and information transmission functions of human. According to Tibetan medicine, Baimai functions via "Long"(Qi) which moves in Baimai. "Long" is rough, light, cold, tiny, hard, and dynamic. The dysfunction of Baimai is manifested as numbness, swelling and pain, stiffness, atrophy, contracture, disability, hyperactivity, etc. The clinical manifestations of Baimai disease are facial paralysis, limb numbness, hemiplegia, contracture and rigidity, pain, opistho-tonos, paralysis, unconsciousness, head tremor, aphasia and tongue stiffness, and other abnormalities in facial consciousness, limb movement, and tactile sensation. Baimai Ointment for external use is used for the treatment of Baimai disease. It is mainly composed of medicinals which are spicy and bitter, warm, soft, mild, heavy, moist, and stable, and thus it is effective for the rough, light, cold, tiny, hard, and dynamic "Long" of Baimai disease. In clinical practice, it is mainly used for musculoskeletal diseases, such as osteoarthritis, scapulohumeral periarthritis, cervical spondylosis, low back pain, myofascitis, and tenosynovitis, nervous system diseases, such as paralysis and shoulder-hand syndrome, and limb stiffness caused by stroke, spastic cerebral palsy, trigeminal neuralgia, and facial neuritis, and limb motor and sensory dysfunction caused by trauma. According to the main symptoms of Baimai disease such as stiffness, rigidity, contraction, numbness, sensory disturbance and pain, clinicians should apply the Baimai Ointment via the inunction treatment of Tibetan medicine and in combination with Huo'ermai therapy and physiotherapy.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; Edema ; Humans ; Medicine, Tibetan Traditional ; Pain

Abstract: Objective　To compare the mosquito trapping effect of BG-trap mosquito trap using carbon dioxide versus BG-lure attractant under filed conditions. Methods　In August and September 2020, two areas were set with a distance of 100 m. Two sites were set at each area, and one mosquito trap BG trap was set with a distance of 5 m. Each site was set with different flow of CO2 and different amount of BG-lure attractants. The BG-trap mosquito traps on the same area would exchange positions every other day. The mosquitoes captured by each mosquito trap was collected and classified. and the species, sex and number of mosquitoes captured were recorded and counted. Results　The densities of Aedes albopictus captured by BG+/CO2-and BG-/CO2+were 14 and 31, and that of Culex pipiens pallens were 2 and 16, respectively. The differences were statistically significant (Aedes albopictus, t=-2.675, P<0.05; Culex pipiens pallens, t=-4.873, P<0.05). With BG-lure attractant, the females of Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens pallens in the CO2+group were 2.6 (25/9.5) and 12.0 (12 /1) times higher than those in the CO2-group, and the differences were statistically significant (female Aedes albopictus, t=-4.119, P<0.01; female Culex pipiens pallens, t=-4.592, P<0.01), suggesting that the most important attractant to female mosquitoes is CO2. With BG-lure attractant, the male Aedes albopictus in the CO2+ group was 3.0 (12/4) times higher than that in the CO2-group, and the difference was statistically significant (male Aedes albopictus, t=-3.284, P<0.01). Without BG-lure attractant, female Aedes albopictus and female Culex pipiens pallens in the CO2 + group were 1.8 (18 / 10) and 15.5 (15.5/1.0) times higher than those in the CO2-group, and the difference was statistically significant (female Aedes albopictus, t=-2.868, P<0.05; female Culex pipiens pallens, t=-5.259, P<0.05). Without BG-lure attractant, the male Aedes albopictus in the CO2+group was 2.0 (9.0/4.5) times higher than that in the CO2-group, with a statistically significant difference (t=-2.508, P<0.05). With CO2, Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens pallens in the BG + attractant group were 1.4 (43.5/31) and 0.78 (12.5/16.0) times higher than those in the BG-attractant group, and the differences were not statistically significant (Aedes albopictus, t=-0.943, P>0.05 ; Culex pipiens pallens, t=0.709, P>0.05). Without CO2, Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens pallens in the BG + attractant group were 1.0 (14/14) and 2.0 (2.0/1.0) times higher than those in the BG + attractant group, and the differences were not statistically significant (Aedes albopictus, t=-0.500, P>0.05; Culex pipiens pallens, t=-1.000, P>0.05). Without BG-lure attractant, the densities of female Aedes albopictus captured by adding 0, 1 and 2 parts of dry ice were 10, 17.5 and 18 respectively, and the difference was statistically significant among the three groups (F=3.942, P<0.05). The densities of female Culex pipiens pallens captured were 1, 13 and 18 respectively, and the difference was statistically significant among the three groups (F=13.881, P<0.05). However, there was no significant difference between the capture of female Aedes albopictus and female Culex pipiens pallens by adding 1 part of dry ice and 2 parts of dry ice (female Aedes albopictus, t=0.112, P>0.05; female Culex pipiens pallens, t=-0.540, P>0.05). Without CO2, 10, 10, 9.5 and 1, 1 and 1.5 female Aedes albopictus and Culex pipiens pallens were captured by adding 0, 1 and 2 portions of BG-lure attractants, respectively. There were no significant differences between the three groups (female Aedes albopictus, F=0.120, P>0.05; female Culex pipiens pallens, F=0.477, P>0.05). Conclusions　In the monitoring of BG-trap mosquito trap, the mosquito trapping effect of CO2 is better than that of BG-lure attractant. When the same monitoring effect is obtained, the use of CO2 (100 mL/min) can save the use cost.

Objective    To analyze the value of structured electronic medical records for pulmonary nodules in increasing the ability of outpatient service and hospital management by resident physicians. Methods    We included 40 trainees [94 males and 26 females aged 22-31 (26.45±2.81) years] who were trained in the standardized training base for surgical residents in our hospital from January 2018 to January 2021. The trainees were randomly divided into two groups including a structured group using the structured electronic medical record for pulmonary nodule and an unstructured group using unstructured electronic medical record designed by our department. The time of completing hospitalization records and first-time course records, the quality of course records, the accuracy of issuing admission orders, the quality of teaching rounds, and patient’s satisfaction between the two groups were analyzed and compared. Results    (1) The average time in the structured group to complete inpatient medical records was significantly shorter than that of the unstructured group (53.61±8.12 min vs. 84.25±16.09 min, P<0.010); the average time in the structured group to complete the first-time course record was shorter than that of the unstructured group (13.20±5.43 min vs. 27.51±8.62 min, P<0.010), and there was a significant statistical difference between the two groups. (2) The overall teaching round quality score of the students in the structured group was significantly higher than that in the unstructured group (84.21±15.61 vs. 70.91±12.28, P<0.010). (3) The score of the medical record writing quality of the structured group was significantly higher than that of the unstructured group (80.25±9.22 vs. 74.22±5.40, P<0.010). Conclusion    The structured electronic medical record specific for pulmonary nodules can effectively improve the training efficiency in the standardized training of surgical residents, improve the clinical ability to deal with pulmonary nodules, improve the integrity and accuracy of key clinical data collected by students, and improve doctor-patient relationship.

Diabetes-associated liver injury becomes a dominant hepatopathy, leading to hepatic failure worldwide. The current study was designed to evaluate the ameliorative effects of ginsenoside Rh1 (G-Rh1) on liver injury induced by T2DM. A T2DM model was established using C57BL/6 mice through feeding with HFD followed by injection with streptozotocin at 100 mg·kg^-1.. Then the mice were continuously administered with G-Rh1 (5 and 10 mg·kg^-1), to explore the protective effects of G-Rh1 against liver injury. Results showed that G-Rh1 exerted significant effects on maintaining the levels of FBG and insulin, and ameliorated the increased levels of TG, TC and LDL-C induced by T2DM. Moreover, apoptosis in liver tissue was relieved by G-Rh1, according to histological analysis. Particularly, in diabetic mice, it was observed that not only the increased secretion of G6Pase and PEPCK in the gluconeogenesis pathway, but also inflammatory factors including NF-κB and NLRP3 were suppressed by G-Rh1 treatment. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms by which G-Rh1 exhibited ameliorative effects was associated with its capacity to inhibit the activation of the Akt/FoxO1 signaling pathway induced by T2DM. Taken together, our preliminary study demonstrated the potential mechnism of G-Rh1 in protecting the liver against T2DM-induced damage.
Animals ; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury, Chronic ; Cholesterol, LDL/pharmacology* ; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/metabolism* ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism* ; Forkhead Box Protein O1/pharmacology* ; Ginsenosides ; Insulin/metabolism* ; Liver ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; NF-kappa B/metabolism* ; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein/metabolism* ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism* ; Streptozocin