BACKGROUND: Inversion ankle sprains are among the most common traumatic injuries for both men and women caused by jumping and landing activities. The ankle is protected by the static and dynamic stabilizers to reduce the incidences of injuries. Furthermore, using a non-elastic closedbasket weave taping technique is one of the common interventions to prevent it. Knowledge about the muscle activity reaction of the dynamic stabilizers upon application of tape is limited with varying results. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of non-elastic closed-basket weave ankle taping on the muscle activity of tibialis anterior, peroneus longus, medial, and lateral gastrocnemius on healthy individuals during jump landing on a hard, flat surface. METHODS: This study is a quasi-experimental study using a pre- and post-test design. Peak amplitude muscle activity was assessed and analyzed using surface electromyography (sEMG) after landing from a jump. The pre-test was done by jump landing without tape, after which post-test data was immediately collected after applying the non-elastic closed-basket weave taping. Jump landing was done for three trials for both pre- and post-tests. A paired t-test was used to determine significant differences in pre-post taping. RESULTS: Fifteen healthy participants were included in the study (9 females, 6 males) with a mean age of 21 + 1.03 years old and BMI of 22.74 + 1.63 kg/m2. No significant difference was observed on peak amplitude muscle activity of the tibialis anterior (p= 0.06), medial gastrocnemius (p= 0.32), and lateral gastrocnemius (p= 0.66) after application of tape. However, a significant difference was observed in the peroneus longus after the application of tape (p= 0.05) during jump landing CONCLUSION Non-elastic closed-basket weave taping decreased the peak amplitude muscle activity of the peroneus longus during jump landing. This research suggests that tape may influence the peroneus longus, and it may or may not be detrimental in reducing the risk of ankle sprains.
Electromyography

We present an 8 years old girl who was diagnosed at 6 months of age of Progressive Familial Intrahepatic Cholestasis type 2. Although liver transplantation (LT) was classically considered curative for these patients, cholestasis recurrence with normal gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), mediated by anti-bile salt export pump (BSEP) antibodies after LT (auto-antibody Induced BSEP Deficiency, AIBD) has been recently reported. Our patient underwent LT at 14 months. During her evolution, patient presented three episodes of acute rejection. Seven years after the LT, the patient presented pruritus with cholestasis and elevation of liver enzymes with persistent normal GGT. Liver biopsy showed intrahepatic cholestasis and giant-cell transformation with very low BSEP activity. Auto-antibodies against BSEP were detected therefore an AIBD was diagnosed. She was treated with Rituximab and immunoadsorption with resolution of the AIBD. As a complication of the treatment she developed a pneumocystis infection successfully treated with corticoids, cotrimoxazol and anidulafungin.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Antibodies ; Bile ; Biopsy ; Child ; Cholestasis ; Cholestasis, Intrahepatic ; Female ; gamma-Glutamyltransferase ; Humans ; Liver Transplantation ; Liver ; Pneumocystis Infections ; Pruritus ; Recurrence ; Rituximab