OBJECTIVE: To systematically summarize and analyze the project applications and funding in the field of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine by the Medical Science Department of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) from 2010 to 2024, and to identify research hotspots and developmental trends, providing scientific references for the high-quality development of the Emergency and Critical Care Medicine in China. METHODS: Data on all project applications and funding in the field of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine (application code H16) from 2010 to 2024 were collected from the NSFC Grants System, including project application numbers, funding numbers and amounts, project categories, regional and affiliated institutions distributions. Keyword co-occurrence analysis was conducted using VOSviewer software to identify research hotspots, and results were presented using bar charts, pie charts, and Sankey diagrams. RESULTS: Over the past 15 years, the Emergency and Critical Care Medicine field of NSFC received 13 747 project applications and funded 1 781 projects, with a cumulative funding amount of 8.064 99 billion RMB. The annual number of applications increased from 296 in 2010 to 1 971 in 2024, representing an average annual growth rate of 40.42%. Similarly, the number of funded projects grew from 45 in 2010 to 175 in 2024, with an average annual growth rate of 20.63%, while annual funding rose from 20.01 million RMB in 2010 to 74.20 million RMB in 2024, reflecting an average annual growth rate of 19.34%. The majority of funded projects belonged to the General Program (774 projects), Young Scientists Fund (754 projects), and Regional Science Fund (163 projects), collectively accounting for 94.95% of total funded projects (1 691/1 781). Funding was concentrated in two primary research areas: Organ Dysfunction and Support (H1602, 751 projects) and Sepsis (H1601, 612 projects), together comprising 76.53% of total funded projects (1 363/1 781). The total number of funded projects (1 781 projects) in Emergency and Critical Care Medicine was fewer than the average across the subfields of Medical Science Department (4 181 projects). Shanghai (305 projects, 17.1%), Guangdong (222 projects, 12.5%), Jiangsu (154 projects, 8.6%), Zhejiang (149 projects, 8.4%), and Beijing (134 projects, 7.5%) ranked as the top five regions in terms of funded projects. Keyword co-occurrence analysis revealed that sepsis, organ injury, pulmonary injury and poisoning, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation were the main research hotspots in the field of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine over the past 15 years. CONCLUSION From 2010 to 2024, the NSFC funding for the field of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine has shown a significant upward trajectory, providing vital support for the rapid advancement of basic and applied research. This growth has played a crucial role in facilitating the high-quality development of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine in China.
China ; Critical Care/economics* ; Emergency Medicine/economics* ; Humans ; Foundations

Objective To analyze the research status of in situ simulation in the medical field and explore its hotspots and trends. Methods Relevant literature was searched in China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Web of Science core collection from the inception to February 2024.CiteSpace 6.3.R1 was used to analyze the authors,institutions,and keywords and draw visual knowledge maps. Results A total of 25 Chinese articles and 438 English articles were included.Only 14 English articles were from China.In Chinese articles,the authors with the largest number of articles were Dai Hengmao and Liu Shangkun,and the institution with the largest number of articles was Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology.There was little cooperation between the authors and institutions.In English articles,the author and institution with the largest number of articles was Auerbach Marc and Yale University,respectively,and the cooperation between authors and institutions was close.Emergency medicine,emergency event handling,and on-the-job training were the keywords with high frequency in Chinese articles.Patient safety,medical education,and cardiac arrest were the keywords with high frequency in English articles.A total of 4 clusters were generated for Chinese keywords and 13 clusters for English keywords. Conclusions The application of in situ simulation in the medical field is still in the initial stage,and the development is not balanced at home and abroad.The number of articles published and the cooperation between authors and institutions in China obviously lags behind those abroad.Treatment and care of emergency critical patients,emergency event handling and skill training,identification of latent safety threats,improvement of readiness,and promotion of medical quality improvement are the future research hotspots and research trends in this field.
Bibliometrics ; Humans ; China ; Simulation Training ; Education, Medical ; Emergency Medicine/education*

This study evaluates a Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) on Emergency Medicine designed by iEM Education Project and Lecturio, using a validated checklist to assess its usability and user experience. The MOOC received a high score for cognitive connection (>4/5), in four components including interactivity, content and resources, media use, and instructional assessment. However, for learner guidance and support, the score was 2.75/5, indicating that the course did not provide clear instructions on how learners can get support or feedback from teachers when encountering problems in the course. For affective and functional connections, all components received a high overall mean score of more than 4/5. The course was impactful to the users who were in their early clinical years, as they were actively engaged and were motivated to complete the course. However, improvements should be made to better stimulate learning by improving learner feedback and providing space for collaborative learning online. Evaluation of MOOC applying the heuristics of usability and user experience identifies specific components of online learning course apart from rating the severity of acceptance or violation of instructional design principles. The information derived from usability and user experience studies can improve design and delivery of online courses.
User-Centered Design ; Educational Technology ; Emergency Medicine

Humans ; United States ; Internship and Residency ; COVID-19 ; Emergency Medicine/education* ; Curriculum

COVID-19 ; Emergency Medicine ; Humans ; Pandemics ; Qualitative Research ; SARS-CoV-2

Fellowship in Prehospital and Disaster Medicine (PDM) is a flagship program of the Emergency in Medical and Trauma Services offered by the Universiti Teknologi MARA in Malaysia. This program is designed to empower emergency physicians through academic courses, leadership training, and networking. One of the essential elements to advance in the program is being able to do a fellowship attachment in a foreign country. I specifically chose to have my fellowship attachment in Davao City, Philippines because it has been recognized as a peaceful and orderly city that is resilient to natural and anthropogenic disasters. I was also interested to learn about the proactive stances of its leaders towards empowering communities and strengthening disaster risk reduction and disaster management capabilities. My fellowship attachment took place between March 14, 2019, and June 24, 2019. I was the first fellow in the PDM program to have my attachment in Davao City. My purpose was to identify and learn from gaps between the prehospital care and emergency medical services of Philippines and Malaysia. I also wanted to expand my clinical experience and learn more about the Emergency Medical Services in the Southern Philippines Medical Center (SPMC). Their Department of Emergency Medicine has observership arrangements with partner institutions. In SPMC, my main rotation took place in the Emergency Room - Trauma Surgery Unit. I had a comprehensive learning experience while being part of medical standby services for significant events. First, I was part of the medical standby services for the Alveo Ironman 70.3 in Azuela Cove, Davao City. The event had a month-long training and simulation for the safest race, which involved a team from various agencies such as SPMC, Central 911, Bureau of Fire Protection, Philippine National Police, Philippine Red Cross, and Philippine Coast Guard. Second, I was also involved in the medical standby services during the 2019 Palarong Pambansa, an annual multi-sport event for student athletes from all over the Philippines. I was able to participate in the emergency medical service activities of the Davao City Central 911. I had quite a few day-time, and night-time ambulance runs during my rotation, not only in the main Central 911 office, but also in the three other satellite stations in the city–Panacan, Toril, and Cabantian. Most of the patients I responded to (woman in labour, head trauma patient, medical patient in shock, pre-arrest condition, etc.) needed immediate transfers. I also had the opportunity to teach the emergency medical technicians (EMTs) and Emergency Medicine residents who were doing rotation in Central 911. During my fellowship attachment, I was also able to participate as a trainer and evaluator in an audit activity on high-quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) using the QCPR app and a mannequin. The audit involved 60 EMTs. The pretest results of the batch revealed that about 90% of the EMTs had poor-quality CPR performance, with compression fraction percentages falling between 10% and 50% (acceptable: 80%). After the pretest, we taught the EMTs how to perform high-quality CPR and to assess the quality of their CPR through the feedback sensor attached to the mannequin's chest and the QCPR app. All of the EMTs in the batch passed the high-quality CPR feedback posttest, making them competent in performing single-rescuer, high-quality CPR. During the last month of my fellowship attachment, the Chief of the Davao City Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office gave me the opportunity to learn about the concept and practice of disaster risk reduction in Davao City. We reviewed the data on the catastrophic events in the city during the past decade, the progressive development of disaster risk reduction efforts, and the coping mechanisms of communities that experienced disasters. I was amazed at how hard the team worked through the challenges in responding to disasters and how it managed to produce outcomes that are worthy of recognition. SPMC also gave me the opportunity to participate in its medical missions in Surigao. The missions strengthened the collaboration of SPMC with other hospitals in Mindanao for the development of the telemedicine program based in SPMC Emergency Medicine and Surgery departments. During the missions, clinicians in rural areas underwent short trainings on point-of-care ultrasonography and real-time ultrasound image transfer to enable them to participate in the telemedicine program. I was also introduced to the SPMC Diving and Hyperbaric Medicine Unit, which is located near the Emergency Room - Trauma Surgery Unit of SPMC. I learned the process of how selected patients undergo hyperbaric therapy, and I was even allowed to get into the hyperbaric chamber. I look forward to bringing back new ideas, thoughts and connections from SPMC to my institution in Malaysia. What I have witnessed and experienced firsthand during my fellowship attachment inspired me to encourage people from outside Davao City to explore the excellent development and progress of the disaster risk reduction program in Davao City. Indeed, the Philippines has many great people with compassionate character and benevolent nature. Even before leaving for my home country, I know that I will miss the Philippines and its people very much.
Emergency Medicine

PURPOSE: The purpose of this paper was to investigate clinical nurses' knowledge and educational needs about dizziness. One of the most frequent complaints among adult persons visiting the hospital is experiencing dizziness. Clinical nurses in the hospital play a crucial role in managing such patients.METHODS: Our paper is a cross-sectional survey using structured instruments to evaluate clinical nurses' knowledge and educational needs about dizziness. This study was conducted January through February 2018. Subjects were 246 clinical nurses in an outpatient, intensive care, internal medicine unit and emergency department at university hospital. Data were analyzed using SPSS statistics 21.RESULTS: The average ofdizziness knowledge score was 57.66±23.75 (range 0-100) and educational need was 3.55±.47(range 0-5). There were significant differences in dizziness knowledge according to age (p < .001), working unit (p < .001), career duration (p < .001), change experience of unit (p < .001), dizziness patient care experience and participation in dizziness education (p < .001). There was positive correlation between knowledge of dizziness and the need for dizziness education (r=.26 p < .001).CONCLUSION: Results of this paper indicate that a dizziness education program is urgently needed for clinical nurses. Such a program should be seriously considered based on our results.
Adult ; Critical Care ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Dizziness ; Education ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Humans ; Internal Medicine ; Outpatients ; Patient Care

PURPOSE: To compare the efficacy of inflammatory markers, the Laboratory-score, and a new laboratory combined model for predicting serious bacterial infection (SBI) in young febrile children.METHODS: The presence of SBI was reviewed in previously healthy children aged 3 years or younger with fever (> 38℃) who visited the emergency department from 2017 through 2018. Areas under the curves (AUCs) of the receiver operating characteristic curve for SBI were compared with individual inflammatory markers (white blood cells [WBC] count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR], C-reactive protein [CRP], procalcitonin [PCT], and urine WBC count), the Laboratory-score, and a laboratory combined model. The latter model was developed using logistic regression analysis including ESR, CRP, and PCT.RESULTS: Of the 203 enrolled children, SBI was diagnosed in 58 (28.6%). For SBI prediction, the Laboratory-score showed 51.7% sensitivity (95% confidence interval [CI], 38.2%–65.0%) and 83.5% specificity (95% CI, 76.4%–89.1%). The AUC of the Laboratory-score (0.76) was significantly superior to the values of all individual inflammatory markers (WBC, 0.59 [P = 0.032]; ESR, 0.69; and CRP, 0.74 [P < 0.001]) except that of PCT (0.77, [P < 0.001]). The AUC of the laboratory combined model (0.80) was superior to that of the Laboratory-score (0.76) (P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: In this study, the new laboratory combined model showed good predictability for SBI. This finding suggests the usefulness of combining ESR, CRP, and PCT in predicting SBI.
Area Under Curve ; Bacterial Infections ; Blood Cells ; C-Reactive Protein ; Child ; Emergency Medicine ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Erythrocyte Count ; Fever ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Pediatrics ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity

BACKGROUND: For decades, trauma has been recognized globally as a major cause of death. Reducing the mortality of patients with trauma is an extremely pressing issue, particularly for those with severe trauma. An early and accurate assessment of the risk of mortality among patients with severe trauma is important for improving patient outcomes.METHODS: We performed a retrospective medical record review of 582 patients with severe trauma admitted to the emergency department between July 2011 and June 2016. We analyzed the associations of in-hospital mortality with the baseline characteristics and initial biochemical markers of patients with severe trauma on admission.RESULTS: The overall in-hospital mortality rate was 14.9%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the patient’s Rapid Emergency Medicine Score (REMS; odds ratio [OR], 1.186; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.018–1.383; p=0.029), Emergency Trauma Score (EMTRAS; OR, 2.168; 95% CI, 1.570–2.994; p<0.001), serum lactate levels (SLL; OR, 1.298; 95% CI, 1.118–1.507; p<0.001), and Injury Severity Score (ISS; OR, 1.038; 95% CI, 1.010–1.130; p=0.021) were significantly associated with in-hospital mortality.CONCLUSION: The REMS, EMTRAS, and SLL can easily and rapidly be used as alternatives to the injury severity score to predict in-hospital mortality for patients who present to the emergency department with severe trauma.
Biomarkers ; Cause of Death ; Emergencies ; Emergency Medicine ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Hospital Mortality ; Humans ; Injury Severity Score ; Lactic Acid ; Logistic Models ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Odds Ratio ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Wounds and Injuries

OBJECTIVE: Data mining extracts meaningful information from large datasets. In this study, text mining techniques were used to extract keywords from the Journal of the Korean Society of Emergency Medicine, and the change trend was examined. METHODS: The rvest package in R was used to extract all papers published in the Journal of the Korean Society of Emergency Medicine from 2006 to 2016 that could be searched online. Among them, 3,952 keywords were extracted and studied. Using the selected keywords, the corpus was formed by refining keywords that did not correspond to MeSH (Medical Subject Headings) or were misspelled and had similar meanings based on agreement of researchers. Using the refined keywords, the frequencies of the keywords in the first and second halves of the studies were calculated and visualized. RESULTS: Word Cloud revealed that emergency medical service and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) were most frequently mentioned in both the first and second halves of the studies. In the first half, ultrasonography, stroke, poisoning, injury, and education were frequently mentioned, while in the second half, poisoning, injury, stroke, acute, and tomography were frequently mentioned. A pyramid graph revealed that the frequencies of emergency medical service and CPR were commonly high. CONCLUSION: Core keywords of the Journal of the Korean Society of Emergency Medicine were analyzed for correlations and trends. Changes in study topics according to key topics of interest and period were visually identified.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Data Mining ; Dataset ; Education ; Emergencies ; Emergency Medical Services ; Emergency Medicine ; Poisoning ; Stroke ; Ultrasonography