Purpose: This study aimed to explore the current status of systematic review studies on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMS) published in Korean journals. Methods: Studies on the systematic review of PROMs, which applied the COnsensus-based Standards for selecting health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) methodology. There were searched from the KoreaMed. The studies were evaluated based on the eight steps suggested by the COSMIN systematic review processes. Results: A total of eight systematic review studies were published in seven Korean journals. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMS) measure for post-traumatic growth, social adjustment, physical impairment in post-intensive care syndrome, sleep quality, constipation, discharge readiness, post-traumatic stress disorder, and eHealth literacy. Conclusions No studies adhered to the steps of the COSMIN systematic review guidelines. Among the steps, the weakest points were searching strategies and evaluating measurement properties.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the current status of systematic review studies on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMS) published in Korean journals. Methods: Studies on the systematic review of PROMs, which applied the COnsensus-based Standards for selecting health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) methodology. There were searched from the KoreaMed. The studies were evaluated based on the eight steps suggested by the COSMIN systematic review processes. Results: A total of eight systematic review studies were published in seven Korean journals. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMS) measure for post-traumatic growth, social adjustment, physical impairment in post-intensive care syndrome, sleep quality, constipation, discharge readiness, post-traumatic stress disorder, and eHealth literacy. Conclusions No studies adhered to the steps of the COSMIN systematic review guidelines. Among the steps, the weakest points were searching strategies and evaluating measurement properties.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the current status of systematic review studies on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMS) published in Korean journals. Methods: Studies on the systematic review of PROMs, which applied the COnsensus-based Standards for selecting health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) methodology. There were searched from the KoreaMed. The studies were evaluated based on the eight steps suggested by the COSMIN systematic review processes. Results: A total of eight systematic review studies were published in seven Korean journals. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMS) measure for post-traumatic growth, social adjustment, physical impairment in post-intensive care syndrome, sleep quality, constipation, discharge readiness, post-traumatic stress disorder, and eHealth literacy. Conclusions No studies adhered to the steps of the COSMIN systematic review guidelines. Among the steps, the weakest points were searching strategies and evaluating measurement properties.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the current status of systematic review studies on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMS) published in Korean journals. Methods: Studies on the systematic review of PROMs, which applied the COnsensus-based Standards for selecting health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) methodology. There were searched from the KoreaMed. The studies were evaluated based on the eight steps suggested by the COSMIN systematic review processes. Results: A total of eight systematic review studies were published in seven Korean journals. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMS) measure for post-traumatic growth, social adjustment, physical impairment in post-intensive care syndrome, sleep quality, constipation, discharge readiness, post-traumatic stress disorder, and eHealth literacy. Conclusions No studies adhered to the steps of the COSMIN systematic review guidelines. Among the steps, the weakest points were searching strategies and evaluating measurement properties.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the current status of systematic review studies on patient-reported outcome measures (PROMS) published in Korean journals. Methods: Studies on the systematic review of PROMs, which applied the COnsensus-based Standards for selecting health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) methodology. There were searched from the KoreaMed. The studies were evaluated based on the eight steps suggested by the COSMIN systematic review processes. Results: A total of eight systematic review studies were published in seven Korean journals. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMS) measure for post-traumatic growth, social adjustment, physical impairment in post-intensive care syndrome, sleep quality, constipation, discharge readiness, post-traumatic stress disorder, and eHealth literacy. Conclusions No studies adhered to the steps of the COSMIN systematic review guidelines. Among the steps, the weakest points were searching strategies and evaluating measurement properties.

Purpose: Scoliosis is a common musculoskeletal problem in adolescents. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and its associated factors among Korean adolescents. The prevalence of thin individuals among students with AIS was compared based on body mass index (BMI) classifications. Methods: This study was a secondary data analysis and used the 2016 Korean National Health Examination for School Students data. Data from 16,412 students were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of AIS was higher in women (3.8%) than in men (1.6%), and a higher school year was a risk factor for AIS in both sexes. In woman adolescents, scoliosis was associated with thinness; however, the risk of AIS was inversely associated with overweight/obesity in both sexes. The prevalence of thin woman students with scoliosis differed based on the criteria used: 3.3% by the World Health Organization criteria and 14.3% by the International Obesity Task Force criteria. Conclusion The prevalence of thin students with scoliosis could increase by up to four times depending on the BMI criteria. For early screening of thin people at risk of AIS among female students, the criterion of International Obesity Task Force should be used as it is more permissive of thinness. This is also because of the underestimation of AIS prevalence when using the BMI Z score of the World Health Organization cutoff.

Purpose: The aims of this study were to develop a new instrument for measuring self-management with a hierarchical structure [the Diabetes Self-Management Scale (DSMS)] in patients with type 2 diabetes, and evaluate its psychometric properties. Methods: The DSMS instrument was developed in three phases: (1) conceptualization and item generation; (2) content validity and pilot testing; and (3) field testing of its psychometric properties. A convenience sample of 473 participants was recruited in three university hospitals and one regional health center, South Korea. Results: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses yielded two second-order component models explaining the common variance among six first-order factors. Principal axis factoring with a varimax rotation accounted for 60.88% of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis of the hierarchical structure revealed the following fit indices: χ2/df = 1.373, standardized root-mean-square residual = .050, goodness-of-fit index = .935, incremental fit index = .975, comparative fit index = .974, and root-mean-square error of approximation = .039. All Cronbach' α values for internal consistency exceeded the criterion of .70. All of the intraclass correlation coefficients for test–retest reliability exceeded .70 except that for the taking-medication subscale. The components of the DSMS were moderately correlated with the comparator measures of self-efficacy and health literacy administered for convergent validity. Conclusion The DSMS is a new instrument for measuring the complex nature of self-management in patients with type 2 diabetes, comprising 17 items scored on a five-point Likert scale. The DSMS exhibits satisfactory psychometric properties for five reliability and validity metrics, and so is a suitable instrument to apply in both research and clinical practices.

Purpose: Scoliosis is a common musculoskeletal problem in adolescents. This study aimed to identify the prevalence of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) and its associated factors among Korean adolescents. The prevalence of thin individuals among students with AIS was compared based on body mass index (BMI) classifications. Methods: This study was a secondary data analysis and used the 2016 Korean National Health Examination for School Students data. Data from 16,412 students were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square tests, and logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of AIS was higher in women (3.8%) than in men (1.6%), and a higher school year was a risk factor for AIS in both sexes. In woman adolescents, scoliosis was associated with thinness; however, the risk of AIS was inversely associated with overweight/obesity in both sexes. The prevalence of thin woman students with scoliosis differed based on the criteria used: 3.3% by the World Health Organization criteria and 14.3% by the International Obesity Task Force criteria. Conclusion The prevalence of thin students with scoliosis could increase by up to four times depending on the BMI criteria. For early screening of thin people at risk of AIS among female students, the criterion of International Obesity Task Force should be used as it is more permissive of thinness. This is also because of the underestimation of AIS prevalence when using the BMI Z score of the World Health Organization cutoff.

Purpose: The aims of this study were to develop a new instrument for measuring self-management with a hierarchical structure [the Diabetes Self-Management Scale (DSMS)] in patients with type 2 diabetes, and evaluate its psychometric properties. Methods: The DSMS instrument was developed in three phases: (1) conceptualization and item generation; (2) content validity and pilot testing; and (3) field testing of its psychometric properties. A convenience sample of 473 participants was recruited in three university hospitals and one regional health center, South Korea. Results: Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses yielded two second-order component models explaining the common variance among six first-order factors. Principal axis factoring with a varimax rotation accounted for 60.88% of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis of the hierarchical structure revealed the following fit indices: χ2/df = 1.373, standardized root-mean-square residual = .050, goodness-of-fit index = .935, incremental fit index = .975, comparative fit index = .974, and root-mean-square error of approximation = .039. All Cronbach' α values for internal consistency exceeded the criterion of .70. All of the intraclass correlation coefficients for test–retest reliability exceeded .70 except that for the taking-medication subscale. The components of the DSMS were moderately correlated with the comparator measures of self-efficacy and health literacy administered for convergent validity. Conclusion The DSMS is a new instrument for measuring the complex nature of self-management in patients with type 2 diabetes, comprising 17 items scored on a five-point Likert scale. The DSMS exhibits satisfactory psychometric properties for five reliability and validity metrics, and so is a suitable instrument to apply in both research and clinical practices.

PURPOSE: To develop and psychometrically test the Korean version of the Cultural Competence Scale for Nurses (K-CCSN). METHODS: A multi-phase questionnaire development method was used to develop the scale from November 2012 to April 2013. The item pool was generated based on literature review, existing scales and in-depth interviews. The content validity was evaluated twice by an expert panel. The scale validation was conducted with a convenience sample of 456 general hospital nurses recruited from five general hospitals and a nursing college in the Seoul Metropolitan Area of South Korea. The construct-related and criterion-related validity and internal consistency reliability of the scale were tested. RESULTS: The 33-item K-CCSN comprised four subscalesdcultural awareness, cultural knowledge, cultural sensitivity and cultural skillsdexplaining 53.96% of the total variance. The criterion-related validity was supported by a known-group comparison. The reliability analysis showed an acceptable-to-high Cronbach's alpha in total and for subscales ranging from .879 to .932. CONCLUSION: This preliminary evaluation of psychometric scale properties demonstrated acceptable validity and reliability. The K-CCSN is able to provide scientific and empirical data regarding the cultural competence of clinical nurses. However, further studies are needed to test the applicability of the scale in different settings and contexts.
Adult ; *Cultural Competency ; Culturally Competent Care/*standards ; Humans ; *Nursing Staff, Hospital ; Psychometrics/*standards ; Questionnaires ; Reproducibility of Results ; Republic of Korea ; *Students, Nursing