Objective: To explore the relationship of family function with sleep and externalizing problem behaviors of preschool children, so as to provide a guidance for externalizing problem prevention and intervention among preschool children. Methods: From October 2023 to January 2024, a convenience sampling method was used to select 5 138 preschool children from kindergartens in 8 districts of Wuhan City, Hubei Province. Parents completed the survey for Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale, children s sleep habits and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Spearman correlation analysis was used to examine the correlation of family function with scores of sleep quality and externalizing problem behaviors among preschool children. A mediation model analysis and bootstrap test were conducted to further investigate the mediating role of sleep quality between family function and externalizing problem behaviors. Mplus 8.7 software was used for latent profile analysis of family function. Results: The reported rates of poor sleep quality and externalizing problem behaviors among preschool children were 11.8% ( n =607), 20.0% ( n =1 026). The relevant analysis results showed that family function was negatively correlated with sleep quality and externalizing problem behaviors ( r = -0.20, -0.23), and sleep quality was positively correlated with externalizing problem behaviors ( r =0.27) ( P <0.01). The mediation effect test showed that family function negatively predicted externalizing problem behaviors ( β =-0.079) and sleep quality ( β = -0.075), while sleep quality positively predicted externalizing problem behaviors ( β =0.215) ( P <0.01). The latent profile analysis results showed that family function could be classified into 4 categories: high family function group (23.01%), upper middle family function group (44.65%), moderate family function group (26.24%) and low family function group (6.11%). Compared to high family function, the other three categories significantly positively predicted externalizing problem behaviors, and the mediating effects of sleep quality on different categories of family function were statistically significant [upper middle family function: mediation effect value was 0.022 (95% CI =0.004-0.041) and direct effect value was 0.329 (95% CI =0.263-0.396); middle family function: mediation effect value was 0.087 (95% CI =0.063-0.115) and direct effect value was 0.491 (95% CI =0.416-0.565); low family function: mediation effect value was 0.144 (95% CI =0.107-0.185) and direct effect 0.621 (95% CI =0.503-0.740)] ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion Family function negatively predicts the externalizing problem behaviors of preschool children, and sleep quality plays a partial mediating role.

Objective: To explore the association between maternal lipid levels during pregnancy and the risk of overweight and obesity in offspring at 3 years of age, providing scientific evidences for the prevention and control of childhood obesity. Methods: A total of 2 432 mother-child pairs with maternal lipid tests during pregnancy and offspring s physical growth data at 3 years of age were included from the Borin in Guangzhou Cohort Study up to September 2021. Lipid indicators, including high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and total cholesterol (TC), were measured at 13-19 +6 weeks (mid pregnancy) and 32-39 +6 weeks (late pregnancy). Children s body mass index (BMI) Z score were calculated according to the World Health Organization s growth standards for children under 5 years old. The lipid Z score were divided into four quartiles: Q 1, Q 2, Q 3 and Q 4. Linear regression was used to analyze the relationship between maternal lipid levels during pregnancy and offspring’s BMI Z score at 3 years of age. Poisson regression with a robust error variance was employed to evaluate the association between maternal lipid levels during pregnancy and the at risk of overweight and obesity in offspring at 3 years of age, after adjusting for maternal age at conception, education level, parity, pre pregnancy BMI and gestational diabetes mellitus. Results: There was a statistically significnt difference in the detection rate of overweight and obesity risk among children with different mothers s pre pregnancy BMI ( χ 2=22.85, P <0.05). Linear regression analysis showed that TG levels in late pregnancy were positively related to BMI Z score ( β=0.10, 95%CI=0.02-0.18, P <0.05). Poisson regression with a robust error variance indicated that, compared with the Q 1 group of TC, the Q 4 group of TC in mid pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of overweight and obesity in offspring at 3 years of age ( RR=1.59, 95%CI =1.04-2.44); compared with the Q 1 group of TG, the Q 4 group of TG during late pregnancy increased the risk of overweight and obesity in offspring at 3 years of age ( RR=1.79, 95%CI =1.02-3.12) (both P <0.05). Conclusions Maternal serum TC level during mid pregnancy can increase the risk of overweight and obesity in offspring at 3 years of age. Maternal serum TG levels during late pregnancy is positively correlated with BMI and the risk of overweight and obesity in offspring at 3 years of age.

Bioactive compounds derived from herbal medicinal plants modulate various therapeutic targets and signaling pathways associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), the world's primary cause of death. Ginkgo biloba, a well-known traditional Chinese medicine with notable cardiovascular actions, has been used as a cardio- and cerebrovascular therapeutic drug and nutraceutical in Asian countries for centuries. Preclinical studies have shown that ginkgolide B, a bioactive component in Ginkgo biloba, can ameliorate atherosclerosis in cultured vascular cells and disease models. Of clinical relevance, several clinical trials are ongoing or being completed to examine the efficacy and safety of ginkgolide B-related drug preparations in the prevention of cerebrovascular diseases, such as ischemia stroke. Here, we present a comprehensive review of the pharmacological activities, pharmacokinetic characteristics, and mechanisms of action of ginkgolide B in atherosclerosis prevention and therapy. We highlight new molecular targets of ginkgolide B, including nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases (NADPH oxidase), lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1), sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), platelet-activating factor (PAF), proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and others. Finally, we provide an overview and discussion of the therapeutic potential of ginkgolide B and highlight the future perspective of developing ginkgolide B as an effective therapeutic agent for treating atherosclerosis.

BACKGROUND:Inflammation and oxidative stress contribute to the barriers of regeneration in chronic wound.Oxymatrine has various biological activities,such as anti-oxidation,anti-inflammation and so on,which may have the potential effect of promoting wound healing. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of oxymatrine on wound healing and the protective effect on H2O2-induced oxidative stress injury in human keratinoid cell line HaCaT cells. METHODS:(1)In vivo experiment:Hyaluronic acid methacryloyl hydrogels containing 0,0.05,0.1,0.2 g/L oxymatrine were prepared.A full-layer skin defect model with a diameter of 12 mm was made in the back of 75 diabetic mice and randomly divided into five groups for intervention,with 15 mice in each group.The wounds of the model group were bandaged and fixed.The wounds of the hydrogel group were covered with hyaluronic acid methacryloyl hydrogel.The wounds of the low-dose,moderate-dose and high-dose oxymatrine groups were covered with hyaluronic acid methacryloyl hydrogel containing 0.05,0.1,and 0.2 g/L oxymatrine,respectively,and then bandaged and fixed after light curing.Relevant indicators were detected within 14 days.(2)In vitro experiment:Human keratinocyte line HaCaT was divided into five groups.The normal group was cultured conventionally.H2O2 group and low-,moderate-and high-concentration oxymatrine groups were treated with H2O2 for 4 hours,and then the medium was replaced with medium containing 0,0.05,0.1,and 0.2 g/L oxymatrine,respectively,and the relevant indexes were detected after 24 hours of culture. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)In vivo experiment:Compared with the model group,the wound healing rate of mice in the hydrogel group had no significant change.The wound healing rate of mice in the low-,moderate-and high-dose oxymatrine group was increased at 7 and 14 days after treatment(P<0.05).Pathological observation of wound section 14 days after treatment showed that compared with the model group,the thickness of regenerated epidermal layer,the number of microvessels,and collagen deposition in the moderate-and high-dose oxymatrine groups were increased(P<0.05).Western blot assay analysis of wound samples 7 days after surgery showed that compared with the model group,the protein expressions of tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin 6 in the moderate-and high-dose oxymatrine groups were decreased(P<0.05).(2)In vitro experiment:CCK8 assay,EdU and Ki67 staining showed that compared with the H2O2 group,the cell proliferation ability of the moderate-and high-concentration oxymatrine groups was significantly increased(P<0.05).Compared with the H2O2 group,mitochondrial membrane potential was increased(P<0.05)and reactive oxygen species content was decreased(P<0.05)in the moderate-and high-concentration oxymatrine groups.Western blot assay results showed that compared with the H2O2 group,the expression levels of Nrf2 nuclear protein,Nrf2 total protein,HO-1 protein,and superoxide dismutase 1 protein were increased in the high-concentration oxymatrine group(P<0.05).(3)These findings confirm that oxymatrine can alleviate oxidative stress damage in HaCat cells and accelerate wound healing by upregulating the levels of Nrf2 and HO-1 protein.

Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) diseases are common clinical conditions. The number of patients with TMJ diseases is large, and the etiology, epidemiology, disease spectrum, and treatment of the disease remain controversial and unknown. To understand and master the current situation of the occurrence, development and prevention of TMJ diseases, as well as to identify the patterns in etiology, incidence, drug sensitivity, and prognosis is crucial for alleviating patients′suffering.This will facilitate in-depth medical research, effective disease prevention measures, and the formulation of corresponding health policies. Cohort construction and research has an irreplaceable role in precise disease prevention and significant improvement in diagnosis and treatment levels. Large-scale cohort studies are needed to explore the relationship between potential risk factors and outcomes of TMJ diseases, and to observe disease prognoses through long-term follw-ups. The consensus aims to establish a standard conceptual frame work for a cohort study on patients with TMJ disease while providing ideas for cohort data standards to this condition. TMJ disease cohort data consists of both common data standards applicable to all specific disease cohorts as well as disease-specific data standards. Common data were available for each specific disease cohort. By integrating different cohort research resources, standard problems or study variables can be unified. Long-term follow-up can be performed using consistent definitions and criteria across different projects for better core data collection. It is hoped that this consensus will be facilitate the development cohort studies of TMJ diseases.

BackgroundDiabetes distress is highly prevalent and has adverse impacts in adolescent patients with type 1 diabetes. However， the related factors of diabetes distress in adolescents with type 1 diabetes are not clear. ObjectiveTo identify the factors associated with diabetes distress in adolescents with type 1 diabetes using Meta-analysis， and to provide a scientific evidence for effective prevention and improvement of diabetes distress in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. MethodsOn December 1， 2022， a computerized search was conducted on databases including PubMed， Cochrane Library， Web of Science， Embase， CNKI， Wanfang Data， VIP and China Biomedical Literature Database， and studies relevant to diabetes distress in adolescents with type 1 diabetes were systematically included. Quality assessment of cross-sectional and cohort studies was carried out using criteria defined by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality （AHRQ） and Newcastle-Ottawa Scale （NOS）. Then the included studies were pooled in a Meta-analysis using Revman 5.3. ResultsA total of 22 studies were included， involving 6 442 adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Meta-analysis denoted that the occurrence of diabetes distress among adolescents with type 1 diabetes was correlated with age （r=0.094，95% CI： 0.042~0.145）， HbA1c （r=0.291， 95% CI： 0.248~0.335）， trait anxiety （r=0.585， 95% CI： 0.526~0.639）， depressive symptoms （r=0.635， 95% CI： 0.590~0.676）， resilience （r=-0.410， 95% CI： -0.528~-0.276） and parents' diabetes distress （r=0.462， 95% CI： 0.421~0.501）. ConclusionFactors including age， HbA1c， trait anxiety， depressive symptoms， resilience and parents' diabetes distress are correlated with diabetes distress in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. ［Funded by Sichuan Science and Technology Program （number， 24KJPX0034）］

Objective To compare the anti-inflammatory,antitumor and anti-bacterial effects of the single extract(in granules)and the prepared drug in pieces of Forsythia Suspense(Lianqiao,a traditional Chinese herbal medicine).Methods In zebrafish embryo models of CuSO4 exposure,tail transection and LPS microinjection-induced inflammation,the anti-inflammatory effects of 10 μg/mL DEX,single extract of Forsythia Suspense,and the water extract of the prepared drug(400,600,and 800 μg/mL)were evaluated by observing neutrophil counts,RT-qPCR,HE staining and survival analysis.Zebrafish embryo models bearing different human tumor cell xenografts were used to assess the anti-tumor effect of the drugs in different dosage forms by fluorescence staining and HE staining.The microbroth dilution method was used to evaluate the antibacterial efficacy of the drugs.Results In the zebrafish embryo models of inflammation,both of the two dosage forms of Forsythia Suspense significantly inhibited neutrophil aggregation,reduced the mRNA expressions of TNF-α,IL-6,P38,Jnk,Erk and P65,and increased the survival rate of zebrafish.They both showed obvious inhibitory effects against xenografts of different human cancer cells including colon cancer cells(HCT116),pancreas adenocarcinoma cells(PANC-1),lung cancer cells(A549),liver cancer cells(Hep3B)and cervical carcinoma cells(Hela)in zebrafish embryos,and exhibited strong anti-bacterial effects at the concentration of 15.63 mg/mL.Conclusion The two dosage forms of Forsythia Suspense have similar anti-inflammatory,antitumor and antibacterial effects,but their effects for inhibiting IL-6,P65,and Jnk mRNA expressions and HCT116 cell proliferation differ significantly at low doses in zebrafish.

Objective To investigate the current status and awareness of pharmaceutical services in hospitals in Guizhou province and to provide a reference for exploring and carrying out pharmaceutical service fees.Methods The questionnaire was designed by the"wjx.cn"website.Three kinds of questionnaires were designed for pharmacists,doctors,nurses,and patients as the research objects,with corresponding differences in some questions,and promoted on WeChat,Dingxiangyuan,and other network platforms.Results A total of 655 questionnaires were collected,and 639 valid questionnaires were recovered,with an effective recovery rate of 97.56%.324 pharmacists(50.70%),82 doctors and nurses(12.83%),233 patients(36.46%)were surveyed.The average approval score of these three groups of respondents on pharmaceutical service fees was 4.67,4.23,and 4.22,respectively(full score:5).Conclusions Overall,pharmacists'professional services have received support from medical staff and patients.However,patients'pharmaceutical service projects currently focus on dispensing services.The recognition of pharmacists'work and the public's awareness of pharmaceutical services can be improved by enhancing the professional ability of pharmacists,strengthening publicity and guidance,and exploring"Internet+pharmaceutical services",etc.,to promote the sustainable development of pharmaceutical services.

Objective To translate the fear-avoidance components scale(FACS)into Chinese and test its reliability and validity.Methods In September 2023,the Chinese version of the Fear-avoidance component scale(FACS)was translated from the English version with translation,back-translation,cultural adjustment and pre-experiment according to Brislin's translation-back-translation model,after having been granted the rights by the author of FACS in August 2023.In October 2023,with the convenience sampling method,402 patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain in a Grade IIIA hospital were selected as the trial subjects to test the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of FACS.Results A total of 376 patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain had completed the study.The Chinese version of FACS encompassed 2 dimensions with 18 items:fear-avoidance psychology(12 items)and fear-avoidance behaviour(6 items).The total Cronbach α coefficient of the scale was 0.907 with the split-half reliability at 0.836 and test-retest reliability at 0.895.The Cronbach α coefficients of the two dimensions were at 0.884 and 0.812,split-half reliability at 0.871 and 0.896 and the test-retest reliability at 0.808 and 0.921,respectively.The content validity index of the scale level was 0.935,with a range from 0.870 to 1.000 at the item level.The KMO value for exploratory factor analysis was at 0.909,the spherical test value at 3134.208(P<0.01)and the cumulative variance contribution rate at 66.514%.Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the model fitted the data well.Conclusion The Chinese version of FACS exhibits good reliability and validity.It can serve as an effective tool in the assessment of fear-avoidance in the patients with chronic pain in China.

Objective:To establish ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) characteristic chromatogram of Pulsatilla chinensis; To provide reference for the origin identification and quality control of Pulsatilla chinensis. Methods:UPLC Method was adopted. The determination was performed on a column of Agilent SB C18 (2.1 mm×100 mm, 1.8 μm) . The mobile phase was acetonitrile-methanol (2:1) -0.1% phosphoric acid solution by fradient elution at a flow rate of 0.30ml/min. The column temperature was 30 ℃. The detection wavelength was 215 nm. The injection volume was 2 μl. The common counterfeit products and medicinal herbs of Pulsatilla chinensis from different areas were evaluated by comparison of characteristic chromatogram, principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA). Results:There were 9 characteristic peaks in the characteristic chromatogram of Pulsatilla chinensis, and 8 common peaks were identified by high resolution mass spectrometry and comparison of reference materials. Through PCA analysis, it was possible to clearly distinguish the medicinal herbs of Pulsatilla chinensis from different areas. Combined with OPLS-DA analysis, it was found that peak 2, peak 3, peak 6 were the main markers of Pulsatilla chinensis from different producing areas. Conclusion:The established method has good specificity, repeatability and durability, and it can effectively distinguish the common counterfeits of Pulsatilla chinensis, and provide the basis of quality control and selection of origin for Pulsatilla chinensis.