Objective:To explore the high-risk factors for parenteral nutrition associated cholestasis（PNAC）in extremely/ultra-low birth weight infants，and establish a risk Alignment Diagram prediction model.Methods:We retrospectivly analyzed the clinical data of hospitalized extremely/ultra-low birth weight infants admitted to Neonatology Department at Quanzhou Children's Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020，using multivariate Logistic regression analysis to screen for independent risk factors for the occurrence of PNAC.An Alignment Diagram model prediction model for PNAC was constructed by using R software，and the performance of the model was evaluated through receiver operating characteristic curves.Results:A total of 203 extremely/ultra-low birth weight infants were included，with a median gestational age of 29.14（28.00，30.86）weeks and a median birth weight of 1　170（1　000,1　300）g.Among them，26（12.81%）cases developed PNAC.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the duration of parenteral nutrition（ OR=1.015 ，95% CI 1.003-1.034），the cumulative amount of glucose（ OR=1.014 ，95% CI 1.001-1.028），small for gestational age（ OR=3.455 ，95% CI 1.127-10.589），and neonatal sepsis（ OR=3.142 ，95% CI 1.039-9.503）were independent risk factors for PNAC（ P＜0.05）；The four independent risk factors mentioned above were introduced into R software to construct an Alignment Diagram model，the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was 0.835（95% CI 0.842-0.731），and the results of the Hosmer Limeshow goodness of fit test show that：χ 2=5.34，degree of freedom=8， P=0.72.A calibration curve indicated good consistency between the predicted probability of the model and the actual occurrence rate，with good accuracy. Conclusion:The Alignment Diagram model constructed based on four independent risk factors of the duration of parenteral nutrition，glucose accumulation，small for gestational age infants，and neonatal sepsis exhibits high predictive ability，and is expected to provide an intuitive and convenient visualization tool for preventing or reducing the occurrence of PNAC in extremely/ultra-low birth weight infants

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of dengue fever patients, summarize the course and characteristics of the disease, and analyze the risk factors that affect the condition.Methods:Retrospective collection of general information, clinical symptoms, medical history, laboratory tests, prognosis and other clinical data of dengue fever patients that admitted to Jinghong First People's Hospital and severe dengue fever patients at People's Hospital of Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture from June to December 2023 was conducted using a case report form (CRF). According to the diagnostic criteria of the World Health Organization (WHO), patients were divided into dengue fever group, dengue fever with warning signs group, and severe dengue fever group. The differences in clinical data between different groups of patients were analyzed and compared. Binary multiple factor Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors affecting the severity of dengue fever in patients. Receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC curve) was drawn to analyze the predictive value of prediction models constructed for various risk factors for severe dengue fever. Subgroup analysis was performed on the prognosis of severe dengue fever patients, and the differences in clinical data between two groups of patients with different prognoses were compared. Binary multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the risk factors affecting the prognosis of severe dengue fever patients. ROC curve was drawn to analyze the predictive value of prediction models constructed for various risk factors on the prognosis of severe dengue fever patients.Results:A total of 2 264 patients were included, including 499 cases in the dengue fever group, 1 379 cases in the dengue fever with warning signs group, and 386 in the severe dengue fever group (43 deaths and 343 survivors). The most common symptom of dengue fever patients was fever (94.70%), followed by muscle soreness (70.54%), headache (63.12%), fatigue (58.92%), and chills (46.02%). Compared with the dengue fever group and the dengue fever with warning signs group, the ratio of thalassemia and the levels of cardiac troponin (cTnI, cTnT), MB isoenzyme of creatine kinase (CK-MB), and myoglobin were significantly increased in patients with severe dengue fever group, albumin (Alb) was significantly decreased in patients with severe dengue fever group. The levels of cTnT and myoglobin in patients with dengue fever with warning signs group were significantly higher than those in the dengue fever group, and the level of Alb in patients with dengue fever with warning signs group was significantly lower than that in the dengue fever group, the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). Binary multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that thalassemia [odds ratio ( OR) = 6.214, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was 2.337-16.524, P < 0.001], Alb ≤ 36 g/L ( OR = 6.297, 95% CI was 4.270-9.286, P < 0.001), and cTnT levels ( OR = 1.008, 95% CI was 1.002-1.015, P = 0.016) were risk factors for severe dengue fever. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) for predicting severe dengue fever based on the prediction models constructed for the above risk factors was 0.856, with the best predictive value of 0.067, sensitivity of 67.1%, and specificity of 99.4%. In the subgroup analysis of patients with severe dengue fever, compared with the survival group, the levels of hematocrit (HCT), cTnT, and CK-MB in the death group patients were significantly increased, while the level of Alb was significantly decreased, and the differences were statistically significant. Binary multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that Alb ( OR = 0.839, 95% CI was 0.755-0.932, P = 0.001), HCT ( OR = 1.086, 95% CI was 1.010-1.168, P = 0.025), elevated troponin level ( OR = 10.119, 95% CI was 2.596-39.440, P < 0.001), and CK-MB ( OR = 1.081, 95% CI was 1.032-1.133, P < 0.001) were risk factors for mortality in patients with severe dengue fever. ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC for predicting death in severe dengue fever patients based on the prediction models constructed for the above risk factors was 0.881, with the best predictive value of 0.113, sensitivity of 75.0%, and specificity of 88.9%. Conclusion:Thalassemia, Alb≤36 g/L, and cTnT level are risk factors for severe dengue fever, while HCT level, Alb level, CK-MB level, and elevated troponin level are risk factors for death in patients with severe dengue fever.

Objective:To describe the prevalence of food allergy among children aged 0-5 years in China and to explore related influencing factors.Methods:Multistage stratified random sampling method was used to collect data from 275 surveillance sites of the China National Nutrition and Health Survey of Chinese children and lactating mothers programs in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) of China in 2016-2017. A total of 70 107 participants aged 0-5 years were included in this study. The study collected information of participants' demographic characteristics and food allergies by face-to-face questionnaire. The prevalence of food allergy was analyzed, using the complex data weighting method. The logistic regression models were used to analyze the influencing factors related to food allergy.Results:The overall prevalence of self-reported food allergy among children aged 0-5 years was 4.81%. Prevalence rates in infants aged 0-5 months, and 6-23 months and preschool children aged 2-5 years were 0.81%, 4.68% and 5.26%, respectively. The results of logistic analysis showed that there was a significantly positive correlation between factors including children from 6 months to 5 years old, urban area, southwest area, first-born, mothers with college education or above, and the prevalence of food allergy in children. Shrimp, poultry eggs, crab shellfish, fruit, milk and fish appeared the common allergic foods in children aged 0-5 years, with prevalence rates of self-reported food allergy as 1.55%, 1.25%, 0.99%, 0.97%, 0.87% and 0.86%, respectively. The proportion of single food allergy in children with allergies was 69.85%.Conclusions:Among children aged 0-5 years, the prevalence of self-reported food allergy increases with age, in China. Foods that is prone to allergies include fish, shrimp, crab, shellfish, poultry eggs, milk and fruits, etc. Most allergies were only caused by single food in children, under observation.

Objective:To carry out the Meta-integration of real experience qualitative studies on modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) for patients with mental disorders.Methods:We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, VIP, WanFang Data, and China Biology Medline Disc by computer to collect qualitative researches on the MECT experience of patients with mental disorders from database establishment to February 18, 2022. The quality of articles was evaluated using the quality evaluation criteria for qualitative research of the Joanna Briggs Institute Evidence-Based Health Care Center in Australia. The results were summarized and integrated using the aggregation integration method.Results:This study included 16 articles and extracted 69 results. Similar results were summarized into 10 categories and integrated into 4 themes, namely MECT decision-making experience, different treatment attitudes, breaking the life normality, adjusting strategies to cope with the new normality and expecting diversified support and help.Conclusions:Medical and nursing staff should pay attention to the MECT experience of patients with mental disorders, and meet their needs through multiple channels. Medical and nursing staff also should cooperate with patients' family members and peers to build a diversified support system to provide patients with necessary support and help them cope with the new forms of life.

【Objective】 To learn the production efficient of platelet components among prefecture-level blood stations in China, to provide supporting data for those blood stations to optimize the production mode of platelet components and continuously improve production efficiency and supply capacity. 【Methods】 The data from 2017 to 2020 was obtained from 24 prefecture-level blood stations who were the members of the practice comparison network for blood institutes in China. The collection units of apheresis platelets, the number of dual-collections of apheresis platelets and plasma, the average apheresis units of one platelet apheresis procedure, the discarded rate of apheresis platelets, the amount of expired apheresis platelets and the amount of apheresis platelets issued were collected. For concentrated platelets, the prepared amount of platelet concentrates and the amount of expired platelet concentrates were collected; both the quantity of qualified and issued concentrated platelets were submitted for statistical analysis.The total output and efficiency of platelet components were calculated based on the collected data. 【Results】 The average annual growth rate of apheresis platelets collection in 24 prefecture-level blood stations was 12.23%, accounting for 99.80% of the total platelet output; the average collection unit of one platelets apheresis procedure was 1.75; from 2019 to 2020, only 5 blood stations performed dual-collection of platelet and plasma during one apheresis procedure; the discarded rate of apheresis platelets was 0.28%, of which 0.007% was due to expiration. A total of 1 621.2 therapeutic units of concentrated platelets were prepared, and 13.03% of them was discarded due to the expiration. The production efficiency of platelet components was 97.56%, of which the production efficiency of apheresis platelets was 97.61% and the production efficiency of concentrated platelets was 74.43%. 【Conclusion】 There are large regional differences in the supply capacity of platelet components in prefecture-level blood stations. Apheresis platelets are the main resource of platelet components product, and the collection capacity is increasing over the years with the characteristics of high production efficiency and low expiration scrapping rate. However, the preparation of concentrated platelets are still limited with relatively low production and high expiration discarded rate.

Objective:To evaluate the application values of classifications of acute distal occlusion of internal carotid artery and variation of Willis' circle in predicting prognoses of acute ischemic stroke patients after mechanical thrombectomy (MT).Methods:One hundred and fifty-eight patients with acute ischemic stroke, admitted to our hospital from January 2016 to November 2020, were chosen in our study; these patients had conformed imaging diagnosis of acute distal occlusion of internal carotid artery and accepted endovascular MT; the clinical and imaging data of these patients were retrospectively analyzed. The distal occlusion of internal carotid artery was divided into Ia, Ib, L, and T types according to the occlusion positions. Prognoses were evaluated by modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 90 d after treatment. Multivariate Logistic regression was used to determine the independent factors for prognoses.Results:Among these 158 patients, 58 patients achieved good prognosis and 100 had poor prognosis. As compared with patients in the poor prognosis group, patients in the good prognosis group had significantly younger age, significantly lower NIHSS scores at admission, and statistically lower atrial fibrillation ratio ( P<0.05). There were statistical differences in the classifications of acute distal occlusion of internal carotid artery between the two groups ( P<0.05): the proportion of Ia type in patients of good prognosis group was the highest (75.9%), while that of T type was the lowest (3.4%). There was no significant difference in variation of Willis' circle between the two groups ( P>0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that T type of acute distal occlusion of internal carotid artery and atrial fibrillation were independent factors for prognoses of these patients ( OR=0.342, 95%CI: 0.127-0.919, P=0.033; OR=0.066, 95%CI: 0.005-0.803, P=0.033). Conclusion:Patients with T type of acute distal occlusion of internal carotid artery and atrial fibrillation are trend to have poor prognosis.

Objective:To explore the related factors of nutritional status in hospitalized elders with mental disorders.Methods:A total of 584 elders with mental disorders admitted to Beijing Huilongguan Hospital from June 2020 to June 2021 were selected by convenience sampling method. General questionnaire, Barthel Index Scale, Frailty Phenotype, Mini Nutritional Assessment, Simple Physical Fitness Scale (SPFS) , Family Function Assessment Scale were collected. Univariate analysis and Pearson correlation analysis were used to analyze the related factors of patients' nutritional status. Multivariate correspondence analysis was performed for significant variables in univariate analysis.Results:The incidence of malnutrition in hospitalized elders with mental disorders was 51.88% (303/584) , and patients were divided into three groups according to nutritional status, including good nutritional status group, risk of malnutrition group, and malnutrition group for statistical analysis. Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in age, diagnosis, frailty, smoking, drinking, BMI, Barthel score, SPPB, family function among three groups ( P<0.01) . Correlation analysis showed that BMI ( r=0.144, P<0.01) , Barthel index ( r=0.087, P<0.05) , family social function ( r=0.257, P<0.01) and nutritional status were positively correlated with nutritional status, while age ( r=-0.252, P<0.01) , frailty ( r=-0.216, P<0.01) were negatively correlated with nutritional status. Multiple correspondence analysis showed that dementia, over 81 years old, frailty, impaired activities of daily living, and family dysfunction were the related factors of malnutrition; schizophrenia, 71-80 years old, pre-debility, good ability of daily living were the associated factors of good nutritional status; bipolar disorder, 60-70 years old were the associated factors of malnutrition. Conclusions:The health supervision and nutrition screening of hospitalized elders with mental disorders should be strengthened, and targeted nutritional intervention strategies should be adopted for patients with different mental disorders, so as to reduce the health problems.

Identification of the risk factors for conversion to cesarean section during labor can significantly improve the mother and infant outcomes. Though advocated by the International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology (ISUOG), intrapartum ultrasound is not widely practiced in managing labor progress. The Obstetrics and Gynecology Center of Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical University has carried out intrapartum ultrasound in recent years. We summarize the clinical key point and the significance of measuring the major sonographic parameters during labor and illustrate the role of occiput-spine angle, a new sonographic index, in predicting fetal head descent during the first stage of labor.

OBJECTIVE：To compare the methods for the con tent determination of polysaccharide and reducing sugar in Polygonatum cyrtonema， and to optimize the wine-steaming technology of P. cyrtonema . METHODS ： The contents of polysaccharide in P. cyrtonema were determined by anthrone-sulfuric acid method and phenol-sulfuric acid method. The contents of reducing sugar in P. cyrtonema were determined by anthrone-sulfuric acid method ， phenol-sulfuric acid method and 3， 5-dinitrosalicylic acid （DNS）method，respectively. Taking appearance and property scores of processed products ，the contents of polysaccharide，reducing sugar and total sugar as indicators ，the amount of alcohol added ，steaming time and moistening time as factors，the wine-steaming technology of P. cyrtonema was optimized by Latin square design. The contents of polysaccharide ， reducing sugar and total sugar were compared before and after steaming. RESULTS ：The linear ranges of polysaccharide and reducing sugar obtained by anthrone-sulfuric acid method were both 0.006 6-0.033 mg/mL（R2＝0.999 9）. RSDs of precision ， stability（90 min）and reproducibility tests were all lower than 3％ and 2％，respectively. Average recoveries were 99.75％（RSD＝ 0.48％，n＝6）and 103.40％（RSD＝1.25％，n＝6），respectively. The linear ranges of polysaccharide and reducing sugar obtained by phenol-sulfuric acid method were both 0.002 5-0.025 mg/mL（R2＝0.999 2）. RSDs of precision ，stability （90 min） and reproducibility tests were all lower than 5％ and 6％，respectively. Average recoveries were 112.80％（RSD＝2.36％，n＝6）and 99.20％（RSD＝3.47％，n＝6）. The linear range of reducing sugar obtained by DNS method was 0.01-0.18 mg/mL（R2＝0.999 9）. RSDs of precision ，stability（90 min）and reproducibility tests were all lower than 2％. Average recoveries was 96.95％（RSD＝ 1.19％，n＝6）. The optimal wine-steaming technology of P. cyrtonema included the amount of alcohol added of 20％，moistening time of 2 h and steaming time of 7 h. RSDs of average contents of polysaccharide ，reducing sugar and total sugar in wine-steamed products were all lower than 3％ in 3 times of validation tests （n＝3）. The average contents of polysaccharide ，reducing sugar and total sugar in 4 batches of P. cyrtonema were 16.3％，11.2％ and 27.4％；those of 4 batches of wine-steamed products were 3.4％， 61.0％ and 64.4％，respectively. CONCLUSIONS ：The anthrone- ） sulfuric acid method is the best for the determination of poly- saccharide in P. cyrtonema ；DNS method is the best for the pandongmei1228@126.com determination of reducing sugar in P. cyrtonema. The content ofpolysaccharide in wine-steamed products is decreased signifi- cantly，while the contents of reducing sugar and total sugar are increased significantly.

Objective:To investigate the implementation status of protective restraints for psychiatric patients.Methods:The self-developed psychiatric protective restraint questionnaire was used to investigate 2 101 patients who had experienced at least one protective restraint during hospitalization in psychiatric institutions in 15 provinces and cities from March to May 2019 to analyze the current status of protective restraint of psychiatric patients.Results:A total of 2 101 questionnaires were distributed and 1 897 valid questionnaires were returned. The duration of constraint of 1 897 patients was 3 (1, 8) h, with the shortest duration of 1 h and the longest duration of 72 h. There were statistically significant differences in duration of restraint for patients with different genders, hospitals, marital status, first diagnosis on admission and history of self-harm or commit suicide ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:There is an urgent need to establish a set of standardized restraint procedures in clinical practice to prevent unreasonable use of restraints.