Objective To analyze the literature on artificial intelligence in forensic research from 2012 to 2022 in the Web of Science Core Collection Database,to explore research hotspots and developmen-tal trends.Methods A total of 736 articles on artificial intelligence in forensic medicine in the Web of Science Core Collection Database from 2012 to 2022 were visualized and analyzed through the litera-ture measuring tool CiteSpace.The authors,institution,country(region),title,journal,keywords,cited references and other information of relevant literatures were analyzed.Results A total of 736 articles published in 220 journals by 355 authors from 289 institutions in 69 countries(regions)were identi-fied,with the number of articles published showing an increasing trend year by year.Among them,the United States had the highest number of publications and China ranked the second.Academy of Forensic Science had the highest number of publications among the institutions.Forensic Science Inter-national,Journal of Forensic Sciences,International Journal of Legal Medicine ranked high in publica-tion and citation frequency.Through the analysis of keywords,it was found that the research hotspots of artificial intelligence in the forensic field mainly focused on the use of artificial intelligence technol-ogy for sex and age estimation,cause of death analysis,postmortem interval estimation,individual identification and so on.Conclusion It is necessary to pay attention to international and institutional cooperation and to strengthen the cross-disciplinary research.Exploring the combination of advanced ar-tificial intelligence technologies with forensic research will be a hotspot and direction for future re-search.

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Jianwei Xiaozhang Tablets on rats with precancerous lesions of gastric cancer(PLGC).Methods Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into the normal group,the model group,the folic acid group and the Jianwei Xiaozhang Tablets group,with 10 rats in each group.In addition to the normal group,the other three groups of rats were prepared by gavage with Ranitidine Aqueous Solution combined with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine(MNNG)solution drinking method for the preparation of PLGC model.After successful modeling,drugs were administered accordingly for 7 weeks.The changes in body mass of rats during modeling and drug administration were recorded,the gross view of the stomach was observed and scored pathologically,the coefficients of spleen and liver were determined,the pathological changes in gastric tissue were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA)was used to measure serum gastrin(GAS),motilin(MTL)and glucagon(GC),Alisin Blue-Periodic Acid Schiff's(AB-PAS)staining was used to observe the thickness of the mucosal layer of gastric tissues,the expressions of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K),phosphorylated PI3K(p-PI3K),protein kinase B(Akt),phosphorylated Akt(p-Akt),and endothelial-type nitric oxide synthase(eNOS)proteins in gastric tissues were detected by protein immunoblotting(Western Blot),and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor A(VEGFA)protein in gastric tissues was detected by immunofluorescence staining.Results Compared with the normal group,the body mass of rats in the model group grew slowly during the experimental period,gastric macroscopic pathological scores were significantly increased(P＜0.01),splenic coefficient and hepatic coefficient were significantly decreased(P＜0.01),the gastric tissues showed cuprocyte hyperplasia and intestinal chemotaxis,gastric tissues'inflammation scores were significantly increased(P＜0.01),the serum GAS content was significantly increased(P＜0.01),and the MTL,GC contents were significantly reduced(P＜0.05),and the thickness of the mucous membrane layer of gastric tissue was significantly reduced(P＜0.05),the protein expression levels of PI3K,p-PI3K,Akt,p-Akt and eNOS were reduced(P＜0.01),and the protein expression level of VEGFA was reduced(P＜0.01);compared with the model group,the above indexes of the Jianwei Xiaozhang Tablets group and the folic acid group were all significantly improved(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01),among which,the Jianwei Xiaozhang Tablets group had a better improvement effect in the proliferation of cup cells and intestinal chemotaxis in gastric tissues,the content of serum GAS,and the thickness of the mucous layer in gastric tissues.Conclusion The mechanism of the improvement of PLGC in rats by Jianwei Xiaozhang Tablets may be related to the activation of the PI3K-Akt-eNOS pathway,which in turn promotes the angiogenesis and repair of gastric damaged tissues.

Objective:To study the clinical characteristics of congenital esophageal atresia (CEA) and risk factors of mortality associated with esophageal repair (ER) surgery.Methods:From January 2010 to December 2022, patients diagnosed of CEA using chest and abdomen X-ray and esophagography in our hospital were retrospectively reviewed. The patients were assigned into ER group and non-ER group according to the treatments. The ER group was subgrouped into survival group and death group according to the prognosis. Clinical data and outcomes were collected and compared between the groups.Results:A total of 553 cases were enrolled. According to Gross classification, 29 patients (5.2%) were type A, 2 patients (0.4%) were type B, 504 patients (91.1%) were type C, 6 patients (1.1%) were type D and 11 patients (2.0%) were type E. One patient had simple transluminal septal atresia of the esophagus. 406 patients were in ER group and 147 in non-ER group. Compared with ER group, non-ER group had significantly higher incidences of preterm birth, low birth weight and overall malformations (all P<0.05). In ER group, 152 patients (37.4%) received open thoracic surgery (OTS), 243 (59.9%) had video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) and 11 (2.7%) were VATS converted to OTS. Postoperative anastomotic leakage (PAL) occurred in 92 patients (22.7%) and 15 patients (3.7%) died after surgery. The median length of hospital stay was 23 (17, 36) d. Compared with the survival group, the death group had higher incidences of preterm birth, low birth weight, VATS converted to OTS, mechanical ventilation after ER, and shorter length of hospital stay (all P<0.05). After adjusted for birth weight, VATS converted to OTS ( OR=9.585, 95% CI 1.899-48.374) and mechanical ventilation after ER ( OR=7.821, 95% CI 1.002-61.057) were risk factors of mortality in ER patients. Conclusions:Non-ER patients have higher incidences of preterm birth, low birth weight and overall malformations than ER patients. VATS is the method of choice for CEA. Preterm birth, low birth weight, VATS converted to OTS and mechanical ventilation after ER are risk factors of mortality in ER patients.

Objective To establish a rapid and convenient UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of tamoxifen and its active metabolite endoxifen in plasma of patients with breast cancer.Methods With diazepam as the internal standard,the plasma sample was precipitated with acetonitrile and methanol-acetonitrile was used as mobile phase.The samples were separated by chromatographic column ZORBAX Eclipse plus C18(18 μm,2.1 mm x50 mm)and scanned by electrospray ion source and positive ion multiple reaction monitoring mode.The ion channels were detected as tamoxifen m/z 372.0→72.1,endoxifen m/z 374.0→58.2 and diazepam m/z 285→192.9.Results The linearity of tamoxifen and endoxifen were good in the concentration range of 1-500 ng·mL-1(R2=0.999 5)and 0.5-250 ng·mL-1,respectively(R2=0.999 9).The intra-day and inter-day precision of low,medium and high quality control concentrations were all less than 10％.Tamoxifen and endoxifen were stable at low temperature and stable after repeated freeze-thaw.Conclusion The experimental results show that the method meets the requirements of biological sample analysis,and the sample treatment is simple,specific,and can be used for the accurate and rapid determination of tamoxifen and indoloxifen in human plasma.

Objective To observe the efficacy and safety of Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides in the continuation treatment of mild and moderate depression.Methods An open,single-arm,multi-center design was adopted in our study.Adult patients with mild and moderate depression who had received acute treatment of Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides were enrolled and continue to receive Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides capsules for 24 weeks,the dose remained unchanged during continuation treatment.The remission rate,recurrence rate,recurrence time,and the change from baseline to endpoint of Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA),Clinical Global Impression-Severity(CGI-S)and Arizona Sexual Experience Scale(ASEX)were evaluated.The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was reported.Results The scores of HAMD-17 at baseline and after treatment were 6.60±1.87 and 5.85±4.18,scores of HAMA were 6.36±3.02 and 4.93±3.09,scores of CGI-S were 1.49±0.56 and 1.29±0.81,scores of ASEX were 15.92±4.72 and 15.57±5.26,with significant difference(P＜0.05).After continuation treatment,the remission rate was 54.59％(202 cases/370 cases),and the recurrence rate was 6.49％(24 cases/370 cases),the recurrence time was(64.67±42.47)days.The incidence of treatment-related adverse events was 15.35％(64 cases/417 cases).Conclusion Morinda officinalis oligosaccharides capsules can be effectively used for the continuation treatment of mild and moderate depression,and are well tolerated and safe.

Objective To observe the effect of omeprazole enteric-coated capsules on clinical symptoms and serum inflammatory factor levels in children with chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer.Methods Children with chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer were divided into treatment group and control group by random number table method.The control group was given triple therapy of ranitidine hydrochloride tablets,amoxicillin and clarithromycin,while the treatment group was treated with omeprazole enteric-coated capsules combined with amoxicillin and clarithromycin.Clinical efficacy,symptom relief time,and changes in serum motilin(MOT),gastrin(GAS)and inflammatory factors[interlrukin-6(IL-6)and interlrukin-8(IL-8)]were compared between the two groups.Results There were 48 cases in treatment group and 48 cases in control group.After treatment,the total effective rates in treatment group and control group were 93.74％(45 cases/48 cases)and 85.42％(41 cases/48 cases),with significant difference(P＜0.05).After treatment,the disappearance time of ulcer induced pain in treatment group and control group were(1.51±0.26)and(2.08±0.42)d;the disappearance time of acid regurgitation were(2.29±0.40)and(2.93±0.33)d;the disappearance time of burning sensation were(2.37±0.21)and(2.85±0.54)d;the length of hospital stay were(6.21±1.07)and(6.94±1.25)d;serum MOT levels were(298.48±35.15)and(273.58±31.25)pg·mL-1;serum GAS levels were(167.28±19.46)and(128.32±18.61)ng·L-1;IL-6 levels were(58.67±5.39)and(76.14±6.63)mg·mL-1;IL-8 levels were(50.08±5.16)and(58.68±5.49)mg·mL-1.The above indexes were significantly different between control group and treatment group(all P＜0.05).The total incidence of adverse drug reactions in treatment group and control group were 8.33％and 12.50％,with no statistical significance(P＞0.05).Conclusion Omeprazole enteric-coated capsules in the treatment of children with chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer can effectively alleviate various clinical symptoms and improve clinical efficacy.At the same time,it can lower serum levels of inflammatory factors and improve inflammation,with good effect.

Objective To investigate the effects of medullary differentiation-2(MD-2)in obesity-induced myocardial injury by regulating adenosine 5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase(AMPK)activity.Methods The obese mice model was established by feeding high-fat feed.The wild-type and MD-2 gene knockout mice were randomly divided into wild-type(WT)-control group(fed normally),WT-model group(fed with high-fat diet),knockout(KO)-control group(fed normally)and KO-model group(fed with high-fat diet)with 8 mice in each group.At week 16,creatine kinase-MB(CK-MB)and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)were measured by reagent kits;the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)and left ventricular fraction shortening(LVFS)were measured with ultrasonic apparatus;the pathological changes in myocardial tissue were observed by hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining and Masson staining;the protein expression of phosphorylation AMPK(p-AMPK)was measured by Western blot.Results HE staining and Masson staining results revealed significant necrosis and fibrosis of the myocardial tissue in WT-model group,while the degrees of necrosis and fibrosis in KO-model group were significantly reduced.The LVEF values of the WT-control group,WT-model group,KO-control group and KO-model group were(83.98±7.58)％,(52.03±4.91)％,(76.42±3.89)％and(73.71±4.22)％,respectively;the LVFS values of each group were(53.61±8.51)％,(24.56±3.76)％,(48.14±5.00)％and(44.07±3.74)％,respectively;the CK-MB values of each group were(49.83±15.49),(83.75±11.90),(54.03±18.66)and(66.85±12.98)U·L-1,respectively;the LDH values of each group were(12.24±3.20),(27.90±6.10),(13.55±3.55)and(15.53±2.58)U·L-1,respectively;the relative expression levels of p-AMPK in each group were 221.31±88.76,46.29±10.07,148.66±32.02 and 161.49±78.11.Compared with WT-control group,the above indicators in WT-model group,compared with WT-model group,the above indicators in KO-model group,the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Conclusion MD-2 mediates high-fat feed induced myocardial injury in obese mice by inhibiting AMPK activity.

Objective To observe the effects of matrine on the proliferation,migration,and invasion of human neuroblastoma cells,and to investigate its potential mechanism.Methods This study was divided into AS experimental group(SK-N-AS cells treated with IC50 concentration of matrine),AS blank group(SK-N-AS cells cultured under normal conditions),AS control group(SK-N-AS cells treated with an equal amount of dimethyl sulfoxide),DZ experimental group(SK-N-DZ cells treated with IC50 concentration of matrine),DZ blank group(SK-N-DZ cells cultured under normal conditions),and DZ control group(SK-N-DZ cells treated with an equal amount of dimethyl sulfoxide).Scratch assay and Transwell chamber were used to measure the effect of matrine on the migration and invasion.The expression of E-cadherin,N-cadherin and Vimentin were tested by Western blot.Results After different intervention,the migration percentages of AS blank group,AS control group,AS experimental group,DZ blank group,DZ control group and DZ experimental group were(66.32±3.12)％,(65.27±3.44)％,(23.73±0.79)％,(46.25±4.68)％,(44.15±5.60)％and(16.77±3.52)％,respectively;the number of invasive cells were 870.45±19.32,865.32±23.39,492.74±16.81,1 198.10±43.71,1 203.03±71.91 and 891.69±42.62,respectively;the expression levels of E-cadherin protein were(100.00±11.72)％,(105.65±13.11)％,(477.20±29.71)％,(100.00±12.54)％,(97.78±12.77)％and(240.53±12.23)％,respectively;the expression levels of N-cadherin protein were(100.00±15.44)％,(103.90±10.76)％,(43.52±9.96)％,(100.00±10.12)％,(104.95±10.49)％and(38.39±8.70)％,respectively;Vimentin protein expression levels were(100.00±9.51)％,(97.39±11.33)％,(59.13±10.25)％,(100.00±13.20)％,(96.27±11.01)％and(47.67±9.48)％,respectively.There were statistically significant differences in the above indexes between the AS group and the AS blank group(P＜0.01,P＜0.001),and there were statistically significant differences between the above indexes in the DZ group and the DZ blank group(P＜0.01,P＜0.001).Conclusion Matrine inhibits the proliferation,migration,and invasion of neuroblastoma SK-N-AS and SK-N-DZ cells,potentially through suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Objective Hypertriglyceridemic waist(HW),hypertriglyceridemic waist-to-height ratio(HWHtR),and waist-to-hip ratio(WHR)have been shown to be indicators of cardiometabolic risk factors.However,it is not clear which indicator is more suitable for children and adolescents.We aimed to investigate the relationship between HW,HWHtR,WHR,and cardiovascular risk factors clustering to determine the best screening tools for cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents. Methods This was a national cross-sectional study.Anthropometric and biochemical variables were assessed in approximately 70,000 participants aged 6-18 years from seven provinces in China.Demographics,physical activity,dietary intake,and family history of chronic diseases were obtained through questionnaires.ANOVA,x2 and logistic regression analysis was conducted. Results A significant sex difference was observed for HWHtR and WHR,but not for HW phenotype.The risk of cardiometabolic health risk factor clustering with HW phenotype or the HWHtR phenotype was significantly higher than that with the non-HW or non-HWHtR phenotypes among children and adolescents(HW:OR = 12.22,95%CI:9.54-15.67;HWHtR:OR = 9.70,95%CI:6.93-13.58).Compared with the HW and HWHtR phenotypes,the association between risk of cardiometabolic health risk factors(CHRF)clustering and high WHR was much weaker and not significant(WHR:OR = 1.14,95%CI:0.97-1.34). Conclusion Compared with HWHtR and WHR,the HW phenotype is a more convenient indicator with higher applicability to screen children and adolescents for cardiovascular risk factors.

AIM To evaluate the quality of Beidougen Formula Granules.METHODS Fifteen batches of standard decoctions and three batches of formula granules were prepared,after which paste rate and contents,transfer rates of magnoflorine,daurisoline,dauricine were determined.HPLC specific chromatograms were established,and cluster analysis was adopted in chemical pattern recognition.RESULTS For three batches of formula granules,the paste rates were 15.1%-16.6%,the contents of magnoflorine,daurisoline,dauricine were 18.93-19.39,9.42-9.60,6.79-6.85 mg/g with the transfer rates of 34.42%-35.25%,43.81%-44.65%,27.27%-27.51%from decoction pieces to formula granules,respectively,and there were seven characteristic peaks in the specific chromatograms with the similarities of more than 0.95,which demonstrated good consistence with those of standard decoctions and accorded with related limit requirements.Fifteen batches of standard decoctions were clustered into two types,and the medicinal materials produced from Jilin,Hebei,Shangdong could be used for the preparation of formula granules.CONCLUSION This reasonable and reliable method can provide references for the quality control and clinical application of Beidougen Formula Granules.