This paper systematically summarizes the practical experience of the 2025 Dingri earthquake emergency medical rescue in Tibet. It analyzes the requirements for earthquake medical rescue under conditions of high-altitude hypoxia, low temperature, and low air pressure. The paper provides a detailed discussion on the strategic layout of earthquake medical rescue at the national level, local government level, and through social participation. It covers the construction of rescue organizational systems, technical systems, material support systems, and information systems. The importance of building rescue teams is emphasized. In high-altitude and cold conditions, rapid response, scientific decision-making, and multi-party collaboration are identified as key elements to enhance rescue efficiency. By optimizing rescue organizational structures, strengthening the development of new equipment, and promoting telemedicine technologies, the precision and effectiveness of medical rescue can be significantly improved, providing important references for future similar disaster rescues.

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by muscle rigidity, resting tremor, and postural instability, which severely impair the quality of life in middle-aged and elderly individuals. PD’s pathogenesis is complex, involving oxidative stress, immune inflammation, and genetic factors. Despite extensive research, precise therapeutic targets for PD remain elusive, necessitating further investigation into its underlying mechanisms. Recent studies highlight the pivotal role of regional brain iron overload, oxidative stress, and lipid peroxidation in PD’s pathogenesis. Ferroptosis, a form of regulated cell death driven by iron dependency and lipid peroxidation, has emerged as a critical factor in PD pathology. This review examines the relationship between ferroptosis and PD and explores the potential of exercise as a therapeutic intervention to modulate ferroptosis and alleviate PD symptoms. Ferroptosis, distinct from other forms of cell death such as necrosis, autophagy, pyroptosis, and apoptosis, is characterized by mitochondrial shrinkage, reduced cristae, and membrane collapse, without nuclear fragmentation, DNA cleavage, or caspase activation. It is induced by the accumulation of intracellular Fe²⁺, which enhances lipid peroxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, ultimately leading to cell death. Studies show disrupted iron metabolism in PD patients, with elevated iron levels in dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra correlating with disease severity. Iron chelation therapy has shown promise in alleviating PD symptoms by reducing brain iron levels, highlighting the significance of iron metabolism in PD pathogenesis. Lipid peroxidation, a hallmark of ferroptosis, involves the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in cell membranes, compromising membrane integrity and increasing permeability. Elevated lipid peroxidation in the substantia nigra contributes to neuronal damage in PD. Enzymes such as ACSL4 and LPCAT3, crucial in PUFA metabolism, play significant roles in ferroptosis. Exercise has been shown to modulate these enzymes, potentially reducing lipid peroxidation and preventing ferroptosis in PD. Glutathione (GSH) metabolism is another crucial factor in ferroptosis regulation. GSH depletion impairs ROS detoxification, exacerbating oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation. PD patients exhibit reduced GSH levels in the substantia nigra, making dopaminergic neurons more vulnerable to oxidative damage. Exercise enhances GSH synthesis and activity, mitigating oxidative stress and ferroptosis in PD. α-Synuclein aggregation, a hallmark of PD, is closely linked to iron metabolism and oxidative stress. Excessive α‑synuclein binds to iron, promoting its aggregation and inducing ferroptosis. Exercise has been found to reduceα-synuclein accumulation and its pathological phosphorylation, potentially through the upregulation of neuroprotective proteins like DJ-1 and Irisin. These proteins enhance antioxidant defenses and facilitate α‑synuclein degradation, providing a protective effect against PD progression. Additionally, glutamate excitotoxicity, driven by dysregulated glutamate metabolism and receptor activity, contributes to ferroptosis in PD. Exercise modulates glutamate levels and receptor expression, reducing excitotoxicity and iron-induced neuronal damage. In conclusion, emerging research suggests that exercise may inhibit ferroptosis through multiple mechanisms, including regulation of iron metabolism, enhancement of antioxidant defenses, reduction of α-synuclein aggregation, and modulation of glutamate metabolism. These findings highlight the potential of exercise as a non-pharmacological intervention in the prevention and treatment of PD. Further research is needed to elucidate precise mechanisms and optimize exercise protocols for maximum therapeutic benefit.

MHNTs@PDA@ZIF-8 with rod-shaped core-shell structures was synthesized and used as sorbent in magnetic solid phase extraction(MSPE).MHNTs@PDA@ZIF-8-MSPE method coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)was employed to analyze sixteen kinds of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in tea beverages.Vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and nitrogen adsorption-desorption techniques were used to characterize the MHNTs@PDA@ZIF-8.The results demonstrated that the MHNTs@PDA@ZIF-8 exhibited significant magnetic properties and a large specific surface area.The experimental conditions that could affect MSPE were investigated,including adsorbent dosage,extraction time,desorption time,ionic strength,desorption solvent type,and desorption solvent volume.The optimal conditions were 10 mg of MHNTs@PDA@ZIF-8 as adsorbent,90 s under vortex extraction,and ultrasonic desorption for 60 s with 1 mL ofn-hexane.The sixteen kinds of PAHs showed good linearity in the concentration range of 5-500 μg/L(r2≥0.995).The limits of detection(S/N=3)and quantitation(S/N=10)were in the range of 0.1-0.8 μg/L and 0.3-2.6 μg/L,respectively.The recoveries of the method ranged from 60.9%to 114.7%,with relative standard deviations(n=3)ranging from 0.2%to 9.2%when the addition levels of sixteen kinds of PAHs were 10,50,and 100 μg/L.The method was simple,fast,sensitive and environmentally friendly,and suitable for detecting sixteen kinds of PAHs in tea beverages.

Humans ; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck ; RNA, Messenger ; Immunohistochemistry ; Papillomavirus Infections/diagnosis* ; Oncogene Proteins, Viral/genetics* ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 ; Papillomaviridae ; Papillomavirus E7 Proteins/genetics* ; DNA, Viral

This study aims to prepare vitexin albumin nanoparticles(VT-BSA-NPs) to alleviate the low bioavailability of vitexin(VT) in vivo due to its poor water solubility. VT micro powders were prepared by the antisolvent crystallization method, and the morphology, size, and physicochemical properties of VT micro powders were studied. The results showed that the VT micro powder had a particle size of(187.13±7.15) nm, an approximate spherical morphology, and a uniform size distribution. Compared with VT, the chemical structure of VT micro powders has not changed. VT-BSA-NPs were prepared from VT micro powders by desolvation-crosslinking curing method. The preparation process was screened by single factor test and orthogonal test, and the quality evaluation of the optimal prescription particle size, PDI, Zeta potential, EE, and morphology was performed. The results showed that the average particle size of VT-BSA-NPs was(124.33±0.47) nm; the PDI was 0.184±0.012; the Zeta potential was(-48.83±2.20) mV, and the encapsulation rate was 83.43%±0.39%, all of which met the formulation-related requirements. The morphological results showed that the VT-BSA-NPs were approximately spherical in appearance, regular in shape, and without adhesion on the surface. In vitro release results showed a significantly reduced release rate of VT-BSA-NPs compared with VT, indicating a good sustained release effect. LC-MS/MS was used to establish an analytical method for in vivo analysis of VT and study the plasma pharmacokinetics of VT-BSA-NPs in rats. The results showed that the specificity of the analytical method was good, and the extraction recovery was more than 90%. Compared with VT and VT micro powders, VT-BSA-NPs could significantly increase AUC, MRT, and t_(1/2), which was beneficial to improve the bioavailability of VT.
Rats ; Animals ; Serum Albumin, Bovine/chemistry* ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Nanoparticles/chemistry* ; Particle Size ; Drug Carriers/chemistry*

Objective: To investigate the impact of combined use and timing of arterial-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) with intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) on the prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated with cardiogenic shock (AMICS). Methods: This was a prospective cohort study, patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock who received VA-ECMO support from the Heart Center of Lanzhou University First Hospital from March 2019 to March 2022 in the registration database of the Chinese Society for Extracorporeal Life Support were enrolled. According to combination with IABP and time point, patients were divided into VA-ECMO alone group, VA-ECMO+IABP concurrent group and VA-ECMO+IABP non-concurrent group. Data from 3 groups of patients were collected, including the demographic characteristics, risk factors, ECG and echocardiographic examination results, critical illness characteristics, coronary intervention results, VA-ECMO related parameters and complications were compared among the three groups. The primary clinical endpoint was all-cause death, and the safety indicators of mechanical circulatory support included a decrease in hemoglobin greater than 50 g/L, gastrointestinal bleeding, bacteremia, lower extremity ischemia, lower extremity thrombosis, acute kidney injury, pulmonary edema and stroke. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to analyze the survival outcomes of patients within 30 days of follow-up. Using VA-ECMO+IABP concurrent group as reference, multivariate Cox regression model was used to evaluate the effect of the combination of VA-ECMO+IABP at different time points on the prognosis of AMICS patients within 30 days. Results: The study included 68 AMICS patients who were supported by VA-ECMO, average age was (59.8±10.8) years, there were 12 female patients (17.6%), 19 cases were in VA-ECMO alone group, 34 cases in VA-ECMO+IABP concurrent group and 15 cases in VA-ECMO+IABP non-concurrent group. The success rate of ECMO weaning in the VA-ECMO+IABP concurrent group was significantly higher than that in the VA-ECMO alone group and the VA-ECMO+IABP non-concurrent group (all P<0.05). Compared with the ECMO+IABP non-concurrent group, the other two groups had shorter ECMO support time, lower rates of acute kidney injury complications (all P<0.05), and lower rates of pulmonary edema complications in the ECMO alone group (P<0.05). In-hospital survival rate was significantly higher in the VA-ECMO+IABP concurrent group (28 patients (82.4%)) than in the VA-ECMO alone group (9 patients) and VA-ECMO+IABP non-concurrent group (7 patients) (all P<0.05). The survival rate up to 30 days of follow-up was also significantly higher surviving patients within were in the ECMO+IABP concurrent group (26 cases) than in VA-ECMO alone group (9 patients) and VA-ECMO+IABP non-concurrent group (4 patients) (all P<0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that compared with the concurrent use of VA-ECMO+IABP, the use of VA-ECMO alone and non-concurrent use of VA-ECMO+IABP were associated with increased 30-day mortality in AMICS patients (HR=2.801, P=0.036; HR=2.985, P=0.033, respectively). Conclusions: When VA-ECMO is indicated for AMICS patients, combined use with IABP at the same time can improve the ECMO weaning rate, in-hospital survival and survival at 30 days post discharge, and which does not increase additional complications.
Humans ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Shock, Cardiogenic/complications* ; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation/methods* ; Pulmonary Edema/complications* ; Aftercare ; Prospective Studies ; Patient Discharge ; Myocardial Infarction/therapy* ; Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping/methods* ; Treatment Outcome ; Retrospective Studies

Objective: To investigate the impact of combined use and timing of arterial-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) with intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) on the prognosis of patients with acute myocardial infarction complicated with cardiogenic shock (AMICS). Methods: This was a prospective cohort study, patients with acute myocardial infarction and cardiogenic shock who received VA-ECMO support from the Heart Center of Lanzhou University First Hospital from March 2019 to March 2022 in the registration database of the Chinese Society for Extracorporeal Life Support were enrolled. According to combination with IABP and time point, patients were divided into VA-ECMO alone group, VA-ECMO+IABP concurrent group and VA-ECMO+IABP non-concurrent group. Data from 3 groups of patients were collected, including the demographic characteristics, risk factors, ECG and echocardiographic examination results, critical illness characteristics, coronary intervention results, VA-ECMO related parameters and complications were compared among the three groups. The primary clinical endpoint was all-cause death, and the safety indicators of mechanical circulatory support included a decrease in hemoglobin greater than 50 g/L, gastrointestinal bleeding, bacteremia, lower extremity ischemia, lower extremity thrombosis, acute kidney injury, pulmonary edema and stroke. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were used to analyze the survival outcomes of patients within 30 days of follow-up. Using VA-ECMO+IABP concurrent group as reference, multivariate Cox regression model was used to evaluate the effect of the combination of VA-ECMO+IABP at different time points on the prognosis of AMICS patients within 30 days. Results: The study included 68 AMICS patients who were supported by VA-ECMO, average age was (59.8±10.8) years, there were 12 female patients (17.6%), 19 cases were in VA-ECMO alone group, 34 cases in VA-ECMO+IABP concurrent group and 15 cases in VA-ECMO+IABP non-concurrent group. The success rate of ECMO weaning in the VA-ECMO+IABP concurrent group was significantly higher than that in the VA-ECMO alone group and the VA-ECMO+IABP non-concurrent group (all P<0.05). Compared with the ECMO+IABP non-concurrent group, the other two groups had shorter ECMO support time, lower rates of acute kidney injury complications (all P<0.05), and lower rates of pulmonary edema complications in the ECMO alone group (P<0.05). In-hospital survival rate was significantly higher in the VA-ECMO+IABP concurrent group (28 patients (82.4%)) than in the VA-ECMO alone group (9 patients) and VA-ECMO+IABP non-concurrent group (7 patients) (all P<0.05). The survival rate up to 30 days of follow-up was also significantly higher surviving patients within were in the ECMO+IABP concurrent group (26 cases) than in VA-ECMO alone group (9 patients) and VA-ECMO+IABP non-concurrent group (4 patients) (all P<0.05). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that compared with the concurrent use of VA-ECMO+IABP, the use of VA-ECMO alone and non-concurrent use of VA-ECMO+IABP were associated with increased 30-day mortality in AMICS patients (HR=2.801, P=0.036; HR=2.985, P=0.033, respectively). Conclusions: When VA-ECMO is indicated for AMICS patients, combined use with IABP at the same time can improve the ECMO weaning rate, in-hospital survival and survival at 30 days post discharge, and which does not increase additional complications.
Humans ; Female ; Middle Aged ; Aged ; Shock, Cardiogenic/complications* ; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation/methods* ; Pulmonary Edema/complications* ; Aftercare ; Prospective Studies ; Patient Discharge ; Myocardial Infarction/therapy* ; Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping/methods* ; Treatment Outcome ; Retrospective Studies

The biological behavior of carbon dots, especially the mechanism of cellular uptake and intracellular distribution, is the basis of its biomedical applications. In this paper, blue fluorescent carbon quantum dots were synthesized by hydrothermal method with Poria cocos polysaccharide as raw material, and the specific biological behavior of carbon dots entering cells was explored to evaluate its biological activity. It was characterized by transmission electron microscopy, UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Two different cell lines, immunocytes-RAW264.7 cells (mouse mononuclear macrophages cells) and cancer cells-4T₁ cells (mouse breast cancer cells), were used as the research objects to study the uptake kinetics, uptake pathway, distribution and efflux of polysaccharide carbon dots in cells. The results showed that the carbon dots have a size distribution of 2 to 10 nm, and the average size was 6.85 nm. The carbon dots were mainly composed of C, O and N elements, with abundant surface functional groups such as -OH, C=O, C-N and C=C, and the fluorescence quantum yield was 4.72%. Carbon dots enter cells in a certain concentration and time dependence. Different cell lines have different uptake pathways. RAW264.7 cells enter the cells mainly by macrophage-specific phagocytosis, and a small part of the endocytosis is mediated by caveolin, while 4T₁ cells are mainly mediated by grid protein endocytosis and giant cell drinking process. In summary, the synthesized carbon dots have good fluorescence properties, low cytotoxicity and excellent biocompatibility, which can be used for cell imaging applications.

OBJECTIVE: On the basis of sodium hyaluronate eye drops, to observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture on dry eye and explore the effect mechanism of ocular surface protection. METHODS: A total of 80 patients with dry eye were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 40 cases in each group. The control group was treated with routine cleaning of eyelid margin, hot compress of eyes with warm towel, and external application of sodium hyaluronate eye drops for 5 weeks. On the basis of the treatment as the control group, the observation group was treated with acupuncture at Jingming (BL 1), Cuanzhu (BL 2), Chengqi (ST 1), Hegu (LI 4), Zusanli (ST 36), Sanyinjiao (SP 6), etc., once a day, 6 times a week for 5 weeks (30 times totally). Before and after treatment, SchirmerⅠtest (SⅠT), breaking up time (BUT), corneal fluorescent (FL) score, ocular surface disease index (OSDI) score, and the contents of IL-6 and TNF-α in tears were evaluated and the therapeutic effect was compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Compared with before treatment, SⅠT and BUT after treatment in the observation group were prolonged (P<0.05), the scores of FL and OSDI and the contents of IL-6 and TNF-α in tears were decreased (P<0.05). After treatment, SⅠT and BUT in the observation group were longer than the control group (P<0.05), and the scores of FL and OSDI and the contents of IL-6 and TNF-α in tears in the observation group were lower than the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate in the observation group was 87.5% (35/40), which was higher than 45.0% (18/40) in the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION On the basis of sodium hyaluronate eye drops, acupuncture could improve the clinical symptoms of dry eye, promote the secretion of tears, prolong the tear film breaking up time, and reduce corneal damage, and effect mechanism may be related to the reduction of inflammatory response.
Humans ; Hyaluronic Acid ; Interleukin-6 ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Dry Eye Syndromes/therapy* ; Ophthalmic Solutions

Xuanfu Daizhe Decoction, first seen in Zhang Zhongjing's Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases, was composed of seven medicinal materials: Inulae Flos, Glycyrrhizae Radix, Ginseng Radix, Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, Haematitum, Pinelliae Rhizoma and Jujubae Fructus. It was used to treat gastric fullness and hardness and belching due to the wrong treatment of typhoid fever and sweating. With detailed records and description in ancient medical books, Xuanfu Daizhe Decoction was widely adopted in clinical practice by physicians of later generations, which expanded its main therapeutic functions. By comprehensive collation of ancient and modern literature on Xuanfu Daizhe Decoction, this paper systematically explored the historical evolution of the prescription from the source, composition, dosage, processing, clinical application, function interpretation and decocting method. It was found that the composition and processing method of the prescription in the past dynasties were relatively consistent, and there was a gradual decrease in dosage in clinical application. In ancient times, Xuanfu Daizhe Decoction was mainly used to treat nausea, vomiting, hiccups, constipation, etc., while modern clinicians mainly used it for digestive diseases such as reflux esophagitis and gastritis. Through the analysis and textual research, the composition, dosage, processing, function evolution and decocting method of this prescription were determined, which provided reference for the research and development of compound preparations of Xuanfu Daizhe Decoction.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/therapeutic use* ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Plant Extracts ; Rhizome ; Triterpenes