Objective To investigate the distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of clinically isolated bacteria from intensive care units(ICUs)in hospitals of Hunan Province Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System from 2012 to 2021.Methods According to China Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System,data of clinically isolated bacterial strains and antimicrobial susceptibility testing results of bacteria from ICUs reported by all member units of Hunan Province Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System were analyzed with WHONET 2022 software.Results From 2012 to 2021,the total number of bacteria isolated from ICUs of member units of the Hunan Province Antimi-crobial Resistance Surveillance System was 5 777-22 369,with Gram-negative bacteria accounting for 76.1％-78.0％annually.Staphylococcus aureus ranked first among isolated Gram-positive bacteria each year.The top 5 bacteria among Gram-negative bacteria were Acinetobacter baumannii,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Escherichia coli,Pseudo-monas aeruginosa,and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.Detection rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus showed a downward trend year by year.No Staphylococcus spp.were found to be resistant to vancomycin,teico-planin and linezolid.Detection rates of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis and vancomycin-resistant Entero-coccus faecium were 0.6-1.1％and 0.6％-2.2％,respectively.Resistance rates of Escherichia coli and Kleb-siella pneumoniae to imipenem were 3.1％-5.7％and 7.7％-20.9％,respectively.Resistance rates of Pseudo-monasaeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii to imipenem were 24.6％-40.1％and 76.1％-80.9％,respective-ly.Detection rates of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa declined year by year.Acinetobacter baumannii maintained high susceptibility to polymyxin B,with resistance rate＜10％.Conclusion Antimicrobial resistance of bacteria from ICUs is serious.Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriales has an upward trend after 2019.It is nece-ssary to strengthen the surveillance of bacterial resistance and carry out multidisciplinary collaboration.

Objective To investigate the effects of overweight and obesity on the gait of primary school children by comparing the kinematic parameters between overweight/obese children and normal weight children during level walking. Methods Forty overweight/obese children (age: (9.6±1.72) year; height: (142.16±12.19) cm; BMI: (24.32±2.96) kg/m2) and 50 normal weight healthy children (age: (10.26±0.72) year; height: (139.0±7.50) cm; BMI: (17.08±1.25) kg/m2) were recruited as the subjects. All of the subjects completed 3 walking trials at preferred speed along a 10 m walkway with barefoot. A digital video camera was used to record these subjects’ level walking images, and their gait parameters, such as step length, stride length and joint angle of the lower extremity, were obtained through Shixun motion analysis system. SPSS 16.0 was used for data analysis. A paired t-test was used to assess differences of all the variables between lefe side and right side for the subjects. An independent t-test was used to assess differences of all the variables between the overweight/obese and normal weight children. Statistical significance was defined as P<0.05. Results (1) There were significant differences between overweight/obese children ((0.44±0.001)) and normal weight children ((0.45±0.001)) for relative step length (P<0.05). (2) There were significant differences in left hip and knee joint angle in the frontal plane between overweight/obese children (left hip angle: (165.36±5.29)°, left knee angle: (178.82±5.51)°, right knee angle: (177.84±5.25)°) and normal weight children (left hip angle: (161.99±4.28)°, left knee angle: (174.67±4.91)°, right knee angle: (174.67±4.91)°) during heel strike phase (P<0.05). Significant differences were found in the left ankle joint angle of the frontal plane during toe off phase between overweight/obese children((121.73±8.03)°) and normal weight children((118.44±6.70)°)(P<0.05). Conclusions Relative step length of overweight/obese children was significantly smaller than that of normal weight children during level walking. The left hip and knee joint angle in the frontal plane of overweight/obese children during heel strike phase were significantly larger than those of normal weight children. The left ankle joint angle in the frontal plane of overweight/obese children during toe off phase was significantly larger than that of normal weight children. These differences may affect the function of the lower extremity in overweight/obese children.