Branchial Region ; Branchioma/diagnosis* ; Humans ; Sleep ; Snoring

Estrogens/pharmacology* ; Humans ; Smell

Objective At present, the model of pulmonary blast injury is characterized by complexity, a certain degree of safety risks,and difficulty in obtaining the materials.This article aimed to establish a simple, safe and reusable primary pulmonary blast injury model in rats. Methods A total of 16 SD rats were randomly divided into control group and pulmonary blast injury group. In rats of control group, only ketamine(120 mg/kg)was injected intraperitoneally and hair was removed from chest.In pulmonary blast injury group,after the rats were fully anesthetized and depilated on chest,they were placed in a reducing T-pipe with only chest fully exposed,and the pneumatic simulated blasting device was adjusted to 0.4 Mpa.Taking locations about 2.5 cm from the intersection points of the median line of the sternum with left and right anterior axillary lines as targets,explosion were carried out respectively,fol-lowing the sequence of right chest 2 min prior to left chest.Lung pathology,lung water content,arterial blood gas analysis, and inter-leukin-6(IL-6)changes were observed. Results No obvious dam-age was found as to the appearance of chest in all rats after blast inju-ry.Transient purpura appeared in 37.5%(3/8)of the rats within 5 min after injury and disappeared within 1 h.On the spot,62.5%(5/8)of the rats presented 10-20 s of brief apnea and gradually recov-ered 6 h later.The lung tissue W/D,serum IL-6 level and lung tissue IL-6 level in pulmonary blast injury group were significantly greater than those in control group[(4.97±0.37)vs(4.62±0.07),(68.13± 59.40)vs(16.27 ±5.08)pg/mL,(487.04 ±30.57)vs(172.74 ±35.02)pg/mL],representing statistically significant difference(P<0.05).PaO2level in pulmonary blast injury group was significantly lower than that of control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After pulmonary blast injury, punctate and flaky hemorrhages were observed in the lesions of lung tissues,showing red hepatic changes.Lung interstitium was obviously thickened and alveoli collapsed under microscope.Erythrocytes and edema fluid in lung interstitium and alveoli exuded.Gas embolism in intersti-tial blood vessels was observed under microscope. Conclusion The lungs of rats after blast through simple T-pipe is typical of prima-ry pulmonary blast injury in pathological and pathophysiological manifestations, which proves the convenience and reliability of the modeling method.

Objective: To observe the synergistic effect of Qilan Capsules in the treatment of the patient with Qi-deficiency blood-stasis type of prostate cancer receiving androgen-deprivation therapy after castration. METHODS: This randomized controlled double-blind study included 246 cases of Qi-deficiency blood-stasis type of prostate cancer after castration, which were randomly divided into an experiment and a control group of equal number to be treated with Qilan Capsules + androgen-deprivation and placebo + androgen-deprivation, respectively. After 6 months of treatment, we compared the International Prostate Symptoms Scores (IPSS), TCM Symptoms Scores (TCMSS), maximal urine flow rate (Qmax), and the level of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) between the two groups of patients. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were observed between the experiment and control groups in the syndrome classification-based efficacy (87.7% vs 67.9%, P <0.05) and total effectiveness rate (86.0% vs 71.6%, P <0.05). Compared with the baseline, the experiment group showed remarkable improvement after treatment in TCMSS (17.1±5.1 vs 8.3±4.0, P <0.05), IPSS (17.7±7.5 vs 11.4±4.6, P <0.05), and Qmax (［10.9±4.3］ ml/s vs ［14.7±3.7］ ml/s, P <0.05), and so did the control group (16.8±5.2 vs 11.5±5.2, 17.8±6.7 vs 14.6±5.8, and ［11.0±4.3］ ml/s vs ［12.0±4.1］ ml/s, P <0.05). The above three parameters were even more markedly improved in the former than in the latter group (P <0.05). However, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in the improvement of the PSA level after treatment (P >0.05). CONCLUSIONS Qilan Capsules can significantly enhance the effect of androgen-deprivation therapy in the treatment of Qi-deficiency blood-stasis type of prostate cancer after castration though cannot obviously improve the PSA level.
Androgen Antagonists ; therapeutic use ; Capsules ; Double-Blind Method ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Orchiectomy ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; blood ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; blood ; blood supply ; surgery ; Qi ; Quality of Life ; Treatment Outcome

Une new flavonoids named as notabilisin K (1), together with four known compounds, morusin (2), mulberrofuran A (3), neocyclomorusin (4) and mornigrol F (5) are separated from 95% ethanol extracts of the twigs of Morus notabilis. Compounds 2-5 are separated from this plant for the first time. Notabilisin I, notabilisin J exhibits certain effect against cells of HCT-116, HepG2 and A2780 with IC50 values ranging from 1.47 μmol x L(-1) to 5.46 μmol x L(-1). Morusin exhibits strong effect against five kinds of human cancer cells (BGC823, A2780, HCT-116, HepG2 and NCI-H1650) with IC50 values ranging from 0.74 μmol x L(-1) to 1.58 μmol x L(-1).
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; chemistry ; Benzofurans ; chemistry ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Inhibitory Concentration 50 ; Morus ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; Terpenes ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo explore efficacy of imatinib for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia(CML) and its resistance-related factors during the treatment.

METHODSThe clinical data of 214 CML patients received imatinib were analyzed respectively in our hospital from April 2005 to December 2010. The therapy history and efficacy of regular follow-up and factors influencing drug resistance were analyzed. COX regression analysis was used to perform the univariate and multivariate analysis.

RESULTSUntil the end of follow up, thirty-one patients (14.5%) occurred drug resistance. One of them was in accelerated phase(AP), and two in blast phase(BP); 69.2% of patients achieved a complete cytogenetic response(CCyR), and 31.3% of patients achieved a major molecular response(MMR). COX analysis was performed in 207 chronic phase(CP) patients. Univariate analysis showed that the course of disease before treatment, the hemoglobin count, the white blood cell count, whether achieved CCyR or not and whether achieved MMR or not were the influencing factors for imatinib resistance. Multivariate analysis showed that whether achieved CCyR or not was the independent factor for drug resistance.

CONCLUSIONWhether achieved CCyR or not is an independent factor and also a protective factor for imatinib resistance in patients with CML.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Benzamides ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic-Phase ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Piperazines ; therapeutic use ; Pyrimidines ; therapeutic use ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and safety of CO2 laser supraglottoplasty for severe laryngomalacia in infants.Methods From January 2009 to December 2011,32 infants with severe laryngomalacia were confirmed by electronic laryngoscope and clinical assessment in Shenzhen Children's Hospital.According to the choice made by the parents,16 children accepted CO2 laser supraglottoplasty (group 1),the others were treated conservatively (group 2).The beginning observation point TO was defined as the age on the first medicine taking day or the age of surgery.T1,T3,T6 were defined as 1,3,6 months following TO.Clinical symptoms included stridor,dyspnea,aspiration,and respiratory infections.The body weight,PSG reports,laryngoscope findings,cure rates of the two groups were compared.Results The anatomical abnormalities were corrected surgically,and the symptoms,such as stridor,dyspnea,and aspiration improved rapidly after the operation.The cure rates was higher in group 1 than in group 2 on T1,T3,T6 stage.There were statistically significant differences(x2 were 13.9,28.1,24.6 respectively; all P ＜ 0.01).Children in group 1 gained weight better than in group 2.There was a statistically significant difference in Z scores median on T1,T3,T6 stage (z score were-0.848,-2.940,-4.110 ; P ＜ 0.05,or P ＜ 0.01 respectively).The lowest oxygen saturation in group 1 improved one month after the surgery (from average 0.686 ±0.106 to 0.901 ±0.041).There was a statistically significant difference (t =-7.876,P =0.001).Complications included adhesion (1 case) and temporary new-onset aspiration (1 case).Conclusions The CO2 laser supraglottoplasty can resolve severe laryngomalacia symptoms including stridor,dyspnea and aspiration.It can reduce the frequency of respiratory infections,and contribute to weight gaining.The CO2 laser supraglottoplasty is effective,of high security and with rare complications.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the independent predictors of postoperative mortality, morbidity, and long-term survival in patients with stage IV ( colorectal cancer.

METHODSClinical data of 189 patients with stage IV( colorectal cancer undergoing palliative resection of primary tumor in the presence of unresectable synchronous metastases were analyzed retrospectively.

RESULTSEighty-six (45.5%)patients developed postoperative complications. Preoperative predictors of medical complications included age(≥65, P=0.039) and emergency operations (P=0.001). Preoperative predictors of surgical complications included advanced local disease (T4, P=0.022) and lymph node spread (N2, P=0.009). Seventeen (9.0%) patients died in the postoperative period. Mortality was independently associated with age(P=0.013), peritoneal dissemination(P=0.010), emergency operations(P=0.001) and medical complications(P=0.008). The survival rates at 1-, 2-, and 3- year of 172 patients admitted in survival analysis were 41.2%, 22.7% and 7.7% respectively. Independent factors associated with poor overall survival included lymph node spread(N2, P=0.015) and poor tumor differentiation(P=0.038).

CONCLUSIONSEmergency operations should be avoid when palliative resection of primary tumor is considered for stage IV( colorectal cancer patients, especially for elderly patients and those with peritoneal dissemination. The significance of palliative resection is limited for stage IV ( colorectal cancer patients with lymph node spread and poor tumor differentiation.

Aged ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Staging ; Palliative Care ; Postoperative Complications ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Analysis

OBJECTIVETo establish an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS) method for determination of 30 trace elements including As, Ba, Be, Bi, Ni, Cd, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Ga, Mn, Pb, Sr, Tl, V, Ge, Mo, Nb, Ti, W, Te, Se, Zr, In, Sb, Hg, Ce, La, and Sm in human blood.

METHODThe blood samples were analyzed by ICP-MS after diluted 1/10 with 0.01% Triton-X-100 and 0.5% nitric acid solution. Y, Rh and Lu were selected as internal standard in order to correct the matrix interference of Cr, As, Se, and Hg by a hex pole-based collision-reaction cell. Other elements were determined with standard method. The limits of detection, precision and accuracy of the method were evaluated. The accuracy was validated by the determination of the whole blood reference material.

RESULTSAll the 30 trace elements have good linearity in their determination range, with the correlation coefficient > 0.9999. The limits of detection of the 30 trace elements were in the range of 1.19 - 2.15 µg/L and the intra-precision and inter-precision (relative standard deviation, RSD) were less than 14.3% (except Hg RSD < 21.2%, and Ni RSD < 15.4%). The spiked recovery for all elements fell within 59.3% - 119.2%. Among the 13 whole blood reference materials, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, As, Se, Cd, Te, and Pb (1.45, 1.19, 18.40, 0.18, 1.57, 591.00, 2.97, 61.00, 0.35, 1.86, and 9.70 µg/L respectively) fell within the acceptable range and the detection results of Hg (0.59 µg/L) and Mo (1.59 µg/L) were slightly beyond the range.

CONCLUSIONThis method was simple, fast and effective. It can be used to monitor the multi-elementary concentration in human blood.

Humans ; Limit of Detection ; Mass Spectrometry ; methods ; Metalloids ; blood ; Metals ; blood ; Trace Elements ; blood

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the chromium (Cr) levels in blood and urine among general population in China between 2009 and 2010, and thereby to analyze its prevalent features.

METHODSFrom year 2009 to 2010, a total of 11 983 subjects of general population aged between 6 and 60 year-old were recruited from 24 districts in 8 provinces in eastern, central and western China mainland, by cluster random sampling method. The information about their living environment and health status were collected by questionnaire, and 11 983 blood samples and 11 853 urine samples were also collected. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was applied to test the Cr level both in blood and urine; and the Cr distribution in blood and urine among groups of population in different ages, genders and districts, were then analyzed.

RESULTSAmong general population in China, the geometric mean (GM) of Cr concentration in blood was 1.19 µg/L, with median at 1.74 µg /L and 95% percentile at 5.59 µg/L. The Cr concentration in blood among males and females were separately 1.18 µg/L and 1.20 µg/L(P > 0.05); while its GM in the groups of population aged 6 - 12, 12 - 16, 16 - 20, 20 - 30, 30 - 45 and 45 - 60 years old were 1.00, 1.22, 1.01, 1.40, 1.27 and 1.30 µg/L (P < 0.01), respectively; and the figures in populations from eastern, central and western China were 1.00, 1.70 and 1.98 µg/L (P < 0.01), respectively. Among general population, the GM of Cr concentration in urine was 0.53 µg/L, with median was lower than 0.42 µg/L and 95% percentile at 3.53 µg/L. The Cr concentration in urine among males and females were separately 0.52 µg/L and 0.53 µg/L (P > 0.05);while its GM in the groups of population aged 6 - 12, 12 - 16, 16 - 20, 20 - 30, 30 - 45 and 45 - 60 years old were 0.56, 0.60, 0.52, 0.50, 0.52 and 0.46 µg/L (P < 0.01), respectively;and the figures in populations from eastern, central and western China were 0.58, < 0.42 and 0.60 µg/L (P < 0.01), respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe study reported the Cr levels in blood and urine among general population in China, and thereby provided basic data evidence for the following Cr biological monitoring studies in near future.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; China ; Chromium ; blood ; urine ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Population Surveillance ; Young Adult