Objective To study the correlation between traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitution and pathogenic factors in patients with ankylosing spondylitis(AS).Methods One hundred patients of AS and their family members who had medical consultation in the Fifth Hospital of Xi'an(i.e.,Shaanxi Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine)in August 2019 and September 2020 were selected as the study subjects.The guidelines of Classification and Determination of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution issued by the China Association of Chinese Medicine were adopted to determine the traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)constitution types of the study subjects.The sociodemographic information,living habits,clinical symptoms,and TCM constitution types of the AS patients and their family members were collected by means of questionnaires and clinical investigations,and then the pathogenic factors of the patients with AS were investigated.The binomial Logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation between TCM constitution types and pathogenic factors in patients with AS.Results(1)Among the 100 AS patients,the majority of them had the biased constitutions,and the biased constitutions with the occurrence frequency in descending order were yang deficiency constitution,qi deficiency constitution,and damp-heat constitution,which accounted for 33.00%,14.00%,and 18.00%,respectively.(2)The prevalence rates of AS in the first-,second-,and third-degree relatives of AS patients were 56.25%,40.00%and 25.00%,respectively.For the positive rates of human leukocyte antigen B27(HLA-B27)in AS patients and their family members,HLA-B27 in AS patients was all positive,while the positive rates of HLA-B27 in the first-,second-,and third-degree relatives of AS patients were 44.31%,30.67%and 15.63%,respectively.(3)The results of regression analysis showed that the disease duration of AS patients was significantly correlated with qi deficiency constitution,the grading of sacroiliac arthritis was correlated with qi stagnation constitution,and age was correlated with blood stasis constitution(P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).The results indicated that disease duration and age were the important factors affecting the constitution types of AS patients,and disease duration was closely related to qi deficiency while age was closely related to blood stasis.Conclusion AS is a highly hereditary autoimmune disease,and its onset is associated with HLA-B27.Yang deficiency is the basic constitution type of AS,and damp-heat constitution is the main constitution type in the progression of AS(especially in the active stage of the disease).The prolongation of the disease will exacerbate the illness condition of AS and then the manifestations of qi deficiency will be more obvious.

Oral mucosal drug delivery has the advantages of rapid drug absorption, no first-pass effect and good patient compliance. However, factors such as low drug dissolution, saliva carrying the drug into the gastrointestinal tract and the existence of physiological barriers in the mucosa may affect the mucosal permeation and bioavailability of the drug. Nanotechnology applied to drug oral mucosa delivery can overcome the above disadvantages and obtain efficient absorption effect. This paper describes the physiological structure of oral mucosa and the factors affecting the absorption of drugs in oral mucosa, reviews the application of nanotechnology such as liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, nanoemulsions, polymer nanoparticles, polymer micelles and nanohybrid suspensions in oral mucosal drug delivery and the mechanism of promoting drug absorption, summarizes the main problems of current research, and gives an outlook on the application of nano oral mucosal drug delivery system. The main problems of current research are summarized, and the prospects for the application of nano oral mucosal drug delivery systems are discussed.

Objective: Compare and analyze the results of the domestic Lanyi AH600 glycated hemoglobin analyzer and other different detection systems to understand the comparability of the detection results of different detectors, and establish the best cut point of Lanyi AH600 determination of haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in the diagnosis of diabetes. Methods: Multi center cohort study was adopted. The clinical laboratory departments of 18 medical institutions independently collected test samples from their respective hospitals from March to April 2022, and independently completed comparative analysis of the evaluated instrument (Lanyi AH600) and the reference instrument HbA1c. The reference instruments include four different brands of glycosylated hemoglobin meters, including Arkray, Bio-Rad, DOSOH, and Huizhong. Scatter plot was used to calculate the correlation between the results of different detection systems, and the regression equation was calculated. The consistency analysis between the results of different detection systems was evaluated by Bland Altman method. Consistency judgment principles: (1) When the 95% limits of agreement (95% LoA) of the measurement difference was within 0.4% HbA1c and the measurement score was≥80 points, the comparison consistency was good; (2) When the measurement difference of 95% LoA exceeded 0.4% HbA1c, and the measurement score was≥80 points, the comparison consistency was relatively good; (3) The measurement score was less than 80 points, the comparison consistency was poor. The difference between the results of different detection systems was tested by paired sample T test or Wilcoxon paired sign rank sum test; The best cut-off point of diabetes was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results: The correlation coefficient R² of results between Lanyi AH600 and the reference instrument in 16 hospitals is≥0.99; The Bland Altman consistency analysis showed that the difference of 95% LoA in Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital in Jiangsu Province (reference instrument: Arkray HA8180) was -0.486%-0.325%, and the measurement score was 94.6 points (473/500); The difference of 95% LoA in the Tibetan Traditional Medical Hospital of TAR (reference instrument: Bio-Rad Variant II) was -0.727%-0.612%, and the measurement score was 89.8 points; The difference of 95% LoA in the People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area (reference instrument: Huizhong MQ-2000PT) was -0.231%-0.461%, and the measurement score was 96.6 points; The difference of 95% LoA in the Taihe Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine in Anhui Province (reference instrument: Huizhong MQ-2000PT) was -0.469%-0.479%, and the measurement score was 91.9 points. The other 14 hospitals, Lanyi AH600, were compared with 4 reference instrument brands, the difference of 95% LoA was less than 0.4% HbA1c, and the scores were all greater than 95 points. The results of paired sample T test or Wilcoxon paired sign rank sum test showed that there was no statistically significant difference between Lanyi AH600 and the reference instrument Arkray HA8180 (Z=1.665,P=0.096), with no statistical difference. The mean difference between the measured values of the two instruments was 0.004%. The comparison data of Lanyi AH600 and the reference instrument of all other institutions had significant differences (all P<0.001), however, it was necessary to consider whether it was within the clinical acceptable range in combination with the results of the Bland-Altman consistency analysis. The ROC curve of HbA1c detected by Lanyi AH600 in 985 patients with diabetes and 3 423 patients with non-diabetes was analyzed, the area under curve (AUC) was 0.877, the standard error was 0.007, and the 95% confidence interval 95%CI was (0.864, 0.891), which was statistically significant (P<0.001). The maximum value of Youden index was 0.634, and the corresponding HbA1c cut point was 6.235%. The sensitivity and specificity of diabetes diagnosis were 76.2% and 87.2%, respectively. Conclusion: Among the hospitals and instruments currently included in this study, among these four hospitals included Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital in Jiangsu Province (reference instrument: Arkray HA8180), Tibetan Traditional Medical Hospital of TAR (reference instrument: Bio-Rad Variant Ⅱ), the People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area (reference instrument: Huizhong MQ-2000PT), and the Taihe Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine in Anhui Province (reference instrument: Huizhong MQ-2000PT), the comparison between Lanyi AH600 and the reference instruments showed relatively good consistency, while the other 14 hospitals involved four different brands of reference instruments: Arkray, Bio-Rad, DOSOH, and Huizhong, Lanyi AH600 had good consistency with its comparison. The best cut point of the domestic Lanyi AH600 for detecting HbA1c in the diagnosis of diabetes is 6.235%.
Pregnancy ; Child ; Humans ; Female ; Glycated Hemoglobin ; Cohort Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; ROC Curve

Objective: To investigate the application of a simplified technique for reconstruction of vesicourethral support (RVUS) in laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP). METHODS: From January 2017 to August 2019, 122 patients with localized prostate cancer underwent extraperitoneal LRP, 65 with RVUS (the RVUS group) and 57 without RVUS (the non-RVUS group). We compared the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, rate of pelvic lymph node dissection, neurovascular bundle sparing, incidence of urethrovesical anastomotic urinary leakage (UVAUL), postoperative urinary continence, postoperative hospital stay, intraperitoneal drainage tube removal time, and urethral catheter removal time between the two groups of patients. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, rate of pelvic lymph node dissection, neurovascular bundle sparing, or urethral catheter removal time (P > 0.05). The incidence rate of UVAUL was lower in the non-RVUS than in the RVUS group (8.8% vs 0%, P < 0.05), and so were the rates of postoperative urinary continence immediate after (0% vs 32.3%, P < 0.05) and at 1 month (38.6% vs 56.9%, P < 0.05), 3 months (59.6% vs 80%, P < 0.05), 6 months (78.9% vs 84.6%, P > 0.05) and 12 months after catheter removal (87.7% vs 92.3%, P > 0.05). The postoperative hospital stay was dramatically longer in the non-RVUS than in the RVUS group (［9.1 ± 4.3］ vs ［6.7 ± 1.8］ d, P < 0.01) and so was the intraperitoneal drainage tube removal time (［6.9 ± 4.5］ vs ［4.8 ± 1.5］ d, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The simplified technique for reconstruction of vesicourethral support in laparoscopic radical prostatectomy improves early urinary continence, especially immediate continence, decreases the incidence rate of urethrovesical anastomotic urinary leakage, and shortens the intraperitoneal drainage tube removal time and postoperative hospital stay.?
Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Male ; Prostatectomy

Objective To investigate the expression and correlation of visfatin, hsa-miR-199a and extracellular regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues. Methods The expression levels of visfatin mRNA and hsa-miR-199a were detected by Real-time PCR in 64 primary cases of radical resection of colorectal cancer who underwent pathological clinical examination in the clinicopathological examination in our hospital center from January 2017 to December 2017, the protein expression levels of visfatin and ERK1/2 were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. The relative expression levels of hsa-miR-199a in each group were compared according to the expression levels of visfatin and ERK1/2. Results The levels of visfatin gene and protein in colorectal cancer tissue (observation group, 64 cases) were higher than those in normal colorectal cancer (control group, 64 cases), and the expression was consistent. The colorectal cancer tissue(observation group) expression level of hsa-miR-199a was lower than that of normal colorectal tissue(control group), and visfatin mRNA was significantly negatively correlated. The colorectal cancer tissue (observation group) expression of ERK1/2 was higher than normal colorectal tissue (control group) and visfatin was significantly positively correlated. The relative expression of hsa-miR-199a in the visfatin and ERK1/2 positive group was significantly different from that in the test variables. Conclusion The overexpression of visfatin in colorectal cancer affects the down-regulation of hsa-miR-199a and is related to the ERK signaling pathway.

To make a thorough investigation of the common She's nationality wild medicinal plants resources in our country, including the species, the distribution, the folk application and the endemic medicinal plant species, Field surveyed was conducted with 25 She people mainly lived area (county, district or city) throughout the country, the folk prescription and treatment cases provided by She's medical personnel, the drug usage and dosage, the commonly used traditional She's medicine and drug samples were collected. And the distribution, growing environment of these plants were investigated, their characteristics, photographs, GPS data and track were record , and the fresh wax leaf or plants specimens were collected. In total 1 600 varieties of folk medicine of She's nationality, 450 disease names and 1 016 prescriptions were collected. 520 kinds of these medicinal plants were commonly used, growing mainly distributed in the southeastern China, about 200 meters above sea level to 1 500 meters. There are 5 First-Grade State protection wild plants (medicinal), 15 second-Grade State protection wild plants (medicinal), and 11 She characteristic medicinal plants in our study, they belong to 144 families, 312 genera 494 species, 2 subspecies, 17 varieties, 3 forms and 1 cultivated varieties of She's nationality. Folk medicine usage is different from the traditional Chinese medicine and ethnic medicine. This survey finds out the common She's nationality wild medicinal plants resources in China, including the species, the distribution, the folk application and commonly used drugs, and found the rare and endangered medicinal plants and the She's nationality endemic medicinal plants, which provides a basis for further development and use the traditional She's medicine resources.
China ; ethnology ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; analysis ; Ethnic Groups ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; classification ; growth & development

OBJECTIVETo review the applications of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques in assessing treatment response to gamma knife radiosurgery for brain tumors.

DATA SOURCESPublished articles about assessing treatment response to gamma knife radiosurgery for brain tumors were selected using PubMed. The search terms were "MRI", "gamma knife" and "brain tumors".

STUDY SELECTIONArticles regarding the MRI techniques using for early assessment of treatment response of gamma knife were selected.

RESULTSMRI techniques, especially diffusion weighted imaging, perfusion weighted imaging, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, are useful for early assessment of treatment response of gamma knife by detecting the hemodynamic, metabolic, and cellular alterations. Moreover, they can also provide important information on prognosis.

CONCLUSIONSDiffusion weighted imaging, perfusion weighted imaging and magnetic resonance spectroscopy can provide early assessment of treatment response of gamma knife for brain tumors, and also information of tumor progression or recurrence earlier than conventional MRI. But there are still many questions to be answered which should be based on the development and advancement of MRI and related disciplines.

Brain Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Radiosurgery

More and more clinical evidence has confirmed the limitations of the use of serum PSA in the screening, detection and treatment of prostate cancer, and scientists are continuously seeking for new biomarkers of the disease. The discovery of early prostate cancer antigen 2 (EPCA-2) has provided a new base for the screening, detection, treatment and follow-up of prostate cancer.
Antigens, Neoplasm ; analysis ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis

OBJECTIVETo detect the infection of human papillomavirus (HPV) 16/18 in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and explore the relationship between HPV infection and expressions of Ki-67 and P53 proteins in tumor tissue.

METHODThe level of HPV 16/18 DNA was measured by real time polymerase chain reaction, and Ki-67 and P53 proteins were measured by immunohistochemistry in tissues from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

RESULTSHPV 16/18 DNA was detected in 62.8% of our patients. In each cancer tissue sample, Ki-67 protein was expressed between 2% to 70%. P53 protein was expressed in 46.15% of our patients. No significant relation was found between HPV 16/18 DNA level and sex, smoking, drinking, and tumor clinical stages. However, level of HPV 16/18 DNA was found to have positive relation with tumor pathological grades and negative relation with P53 protein expression. No relation with Ki-67 protein expression was found.

CONCLUSIONHead and neck squamous cell carcinoma may be initiated by HPV 16/18 infection and the mechanism in carcinogenesis involves abnormal expression in P53 protein.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; virology ; DNA, Viral ; analysis ; Female ; Human papillomavirus 16 ; isolation & purification ; Human papillomavirus 18 ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Ki-67 Antigen ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; metabolism ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; metabolism ; virology

Objective To investigate combination anesthesia with low-dose ketamine and mid-dose pentobarbital for open heart surgery in ju-venile pigs.Methods Thirty experimental juvenile pigs received ket-amine(3 mg·kg~(-1))and pentobarbital(20 mg·kg~(-1))intramuscularly for induction and intubation,then were given ketamine(5 mg·kg~(-1)·h~(-1)),pentobarbital(6-8 mg·kg~(-1)·h~(-1)),midazolam(0.1-0.2mg kg~(-1)·h~(-1))and pipecuronium(0.1 mg·kg~(-1)·h~(-1))intravenously for maintenance.The infusion of pentobarbital was withdrawn after car-diopulmonary bypass started.During the experimental treatment,vital signs were monitored;artery gas analysis and hemodynamie parameters were recorded.Results Twenty-eight juvenile pigs got stable hemody-namic parameters in the perioperative period.The time of anesthetic in-duction and maintenance is(9±2)and(179±15)min,respectively.The respiratory and cardiac arrest rates were 6.7% in induction and 3.3% in maintenance.respectively.Two cases got respiratory and cardi-ac arrest.on in induction and the OtIler after extubation.In addition,class I anesthetic effectiveness was achieved 73.3% in induction and 80.0% in maintenance,respectively.Conclusion This study demon-strated that lOW-dose ketamine combined with mid-dose pentobarbihal has little inhibition on respiration and circulation.The combination can achieve both hypnosis and analgesia effects with good surgical anesthetic effectiveness in juvenile pigs with open heart surgery.