This study aims to explore the effect of Jingfang Mixture on the protein expression of urticaria in mice and explain the mechanism of Jingfang Mixture in the treatment of urticaria. Twenty-seven male Kunming mice were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group and a Jingfang Mixture group according to body weight. Except for the normal group, mice in the model group and the Jingfang Mixture group were injected with the mixture of ovalbumin and Al(OH)_3 gel for the first immunization, and the second immunization was performed on the 10 th day to induce the urticaria model. Mice in the Jingfang Mixture group started to be administered on the 6 th day after the initial immunization, and was administered continuously for 21 days. The normal group and the model group were replaced with the same amount of purified water. Twenty-four hours after the last administration, an appropriate amount of skin was taken, and label-free quantitative proteomics technology was used to detect the differences in protein expression in skin tissue. The signaling pathways involved in the differential proteins was further analyzed. The results of proteomics indicated that seventy-six proteins were involved in the intervention of Jingfang Mixture on mice with urticaria, and the differential proteins were mainly enriched in biological process(BP), molecular function(MF), and cellular component(CC). Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) analysis showed that the signaling pathways regulated by Jingfang Mixture mainly involved carbon metabolism, metabolic pathways, glucagon signaling pathway, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, pentose phosphate pathway, hypoxia inducible factor-1(HIF-1) signaling pathway, purine metabolism, adherens junction, calcium signaling pathway, leukocyte transendothelial migration, and inflammatory mediator regulation of transient receptor potential(TRP) channels, which were involved in skin tissue energy metabolism and immune regulation. The findings of this study showed that the protective effect of Jingfang Mixture on mice with urticaria was closely related to the regulation of immune disorders, and the regulatory effect on immune system may be achieved through the regulation of energy metabolism by Jingfang Mixture.
Male ; Mice ; Animals ; Proteomics/methods* ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Urticaria/genetics* ; Signal Transduction ; Technology

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the early and mid-term clinical results of medial parapatellar soft tissue overlapping suture in total knee arthroplasty for treatment of severe osteoarthritis combined with permanent patellar dislocation. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 12 patients (12 knees) diagnosed with severe knee osteoarthritis combined with permanent patellar dislocation undergoing total knee arthroplasty with medial parapatellar soft tissue overlapping suture. Knee Society Score (KSS), University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) activity-level rating, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain score, and knee range of motion of the patients were assessed before and 2 years after the surgery. Anteroposterior and lateral radiographs of the knee joint, full-length standing radiographs of the lower limbs and patellar axial radiographs were evaluated. RESULTS: The mean Knee Society Score of the patients increased from 34.2±11.1 before surgery to 73.5±6.3 at two years after the surgery (P < 0.001). The UCLA activity-level rating increased from an average of 3.8 ± 0.8 before surgery to 5.8 ± 0.6 at two years postoperatively (P=0.003). The mean VAS pain score decreased from 42.8±6.0 before surgery to 20.1±3.7 (P < 0.001) and the range of motion of the knee joint increased from 74.6±8.9 degrees to 97.5±4.5 degrees at two years (P < 0.001). The radiographs showed no signs of subluxation or dislocation of the patella in all the patients. CONCLUSIONS Medial parapatellar soft tissue overlapping suture in total knee arthroplasty can achieve good early and mid-term clinical results for treatment of severe osteoarthritis combined with permanent patellar dislocation.
Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee/methods* ; Humans ; Osteoarthritis, Knee/surgery* ; Patella/surgery* ; Retrospective Studies ; Sutures

BACKGROUND: Multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN), Lewis-Sumner syndrome (LSS), and many chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathies (CIDPs) are representative of acquired multifocal polyneuropathy and are characterized by conduction block (CB). This retrospective study aimed to investigate the demyelinating distribution and the selective vulnerability of MMN, LSS, and CIDP with CB (CIDP-CB) in nerves. METHODS: Fifteen LSS subjects (107 nerves), 24 MMN subjects (176 nerves), and 17 CIDP-CB subjects (110 nerves) were included. Their clinical information was recorded, blood and cerebrospinal fluid tests were conducted, and nerve conductions of the median, ulnar, radial, peroneal, and tibial nerves were evaluated. CB, temporal dispersion, distal motor latency (DML), and F-wave latency were recorded, and nerve conduction velocity, terminal latency index, and modified F-wave ratio were calculated. RESULTS: CB was more likely to occur around the elbow in CIDP-CB than in MMN (78.6% vs. 6.8%, P < 0.01) but less likely to occur between the wrist and the elbow than in LSS (10.7% vs. 39.3%, P < 0.05). Tibial nerve CB was most frequently observed in MMN (47.4%, P < 0.05). CIDP-CB was characterized by a prolonged DML in all nerves, and slow motor nerve velocity of the upper limb was significant when CB nerves were excluded (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS We report the different distributions of segmental and diffuse demyelination of the ulnar and tibial nerves in LSS, MMN, and CIDP-CB. These distinct distributions could help in differentiating among these conditions.
Humans ; Neural Conduction ; Peripheral Nerves ; Polyneuropathies ; Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating ; Retrospective Studies

Objectives: To explore the clinical experience for a bridge therapy of percutaneous balloon aortic valvuloplasty (PBAV) in treating the patients with severe aortic stenosis (AS). Methods: A total of 37 patients with severe AS who were not suitable for surgical valvular replacement received PBAV in our hospital from 2011-03 to 2017-03 were retrospectively studied. The patient's mean age was (74±12) years, their clinical and anatomical features, efficacy and safety of operation were observed and the outcomes were evaluated by follow-up study. Results: Patients presented the high surgical risk and worse cardiac function, 50% of them had bicuspid leaflet morphology with severe calcification [HU850=(856.0±658.2) mm3]. Balloon size was chosen by the intra-operative supra-annular diameters; at 7 days after operation, aortic valve orifice area (AVOA) was increased from (0.37±0.10) cm2to (0.87±1.10) cm2, the mean trans-aortic valve gradient pressure decreased form (55.1±22.9) mmHg to (44.8±17.8) mmHg, P<0.001 and LVEF elevated form(35.8±14.3)% to(41.0±12.2)%,P<0.001.There were 4 patients died in hospital,1 received permanent pacemaker and 1 developed severe aortic valve regurgitation. The patients were followed-up for (16.5±11.1)months after operation, 13/37 (35.1%) patients were in transition to surgical or transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). Conclusions: PBAV may have good early clinical efficacy in severe AS patients who were not suitable for surgical valvular replacement and TAVR; PBAV could be expected to become a bridge therapy, smaller supra-annular diameter was safe and effective for patients having bicuspid leaflet with severe calcification.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of FLAMIGEL (hydrogel dressing) on the repair of residual burn wound.

METHODSSixty burn patients with residual wounds hospitalized in 6 burn units from November 2011 to May 2012 were enrolled in the multi-center, randomized, and self-control clinical trial. Two residual wounds of each patient were divided into groups T (treated with FLAMIGEL) and C (treated with iodophor gauze) according to the random number table. On post treatment day (PTD) 7 and 14, wound healing rate was calculated, with the number of completely healed wound counted. The degree of pain patient felt during dressing change was evaluated using the visual analogue scale (VAS). The mean numbers of wounds with score equal to zero, more than zero and less than or equal to 3, more than 3 and less than or equal to 6, more than 6 and less than or equal to 10 were recorded respectively. Wound secretion or exudate samples were collected for bacterial culture, and the side effect was observed. Data were processed with repeated measure analysis of variance, t test, chi-square test, and nonparametric rank sum test.

RESULTSWound healing rate of groups T, C on PTD 7 was respectively (67 ± 24)%, (45 ± 25)%, and it was respectively (92 ± 16)%, (72 ± 23)% on PTD 14. There was statistically significant difference in wound healing rate on PTD 7, 14 between group T and group C (F = 32.388, P < 0.01). Ten wounds in group T and four wounds in group C were healed completely on PTD 7, with no significant difference between them (χ(2) = 0, P > 0.05). Forty-two wounds in group T and seven wounds in group C healed completely on PTD 14, with statistically significant difference between them (χ(2) = 42.254, P < 0.01). Patients in group T felt mild pain during dressing change for 37 wounds, with VAS score higher than zero and lower than or equal to 3. Evident pain was observed in patients of group C during dressing change for 43 wounds, and it scored higher than 3 and less than or equal to 6 by VAS evaluation. There was statistically significant difference in mean number of wounds with different grade of VAS score between group T and group C (Z = -4.638, P < 0.01). Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, E. coli, Baumanii, and Staphylococcus epidermidis were all detected in both groups, but there was no statistical difference between group T and group C (χ(2) = 0.051, P > 0.05). No side effect was observed in either of the two groups during the whole trial.

CONCLUSIONSFLAMIGEL can accelerate the healing of residual burn wounds and obviously relieve painful sensation during dressing change.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Bandages ; Burns ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Hydrogels ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo observe effects of removing arms and ovarian on lumbar intervertebral disc and vertebral bone mineral density (BMD) by establishing rat model of lumbar intervetebral disc degeneration (IDD) with kidney deficiency, and to explore internal mechanism of disc degeneration, relationship between disc degeneration and osteoporosis.

METHODSThirty Sprague-Dawley female rats aged one month were randomly divided into control group, lumbar IDD group and lumbar IDD with kidney deficiency group (combined group), 10 rats in each group. Lumbar IDD group removed double arms, lumbar IDD with kidney deficiency group removed double arms after 3 months, both ovaries were removed. Vertebral bone mineral density were observed by Micro-CT scan; morphological changes were tested by safranine O-fast green staining; II, X collagen protein expression in the intervertebral disc were obsevered by immunohistochemistry; extracellular matrix gene expression were obsevered by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), in order to evaluate the effects of removed of forelimbs and double ovarian on degeneration and vertebral bone mineral density of intervertebral disc.

RESULTSMicro-CT scan showed osteoporosis in kidney deficiency group was obviously worse than other two groups; safranine O-fast green staining showed that intervertebral space became narrowed, intervertebral disc tissue degenerated obviously, chondral palte was underdeveloped in kidney deficiency group; immunohistochemistry showed that X collagen expression increased, type II collagen expression decreased in kidney deficiency group; RT-PCR showed that type II collagen expression in lumbar IDD group and kidney deficiency group was lower than control group, and had statistical meaning among three groups (P=0.000, P=0.000); Age 1 in lumbar IDD group and kidney deficiency group was lower than control group, and had statistical meaning among three groups (P=0.000, P= 0.000); while type X collagen expression was higher than control group, but no significant meaning; MMP-13 in lumbar IDD group and kidney deficiency group was higher than control group, with significant meaning compared among three groups (P= 0.000, P=0.000); aggrecanase-2 in lumbar IDD group and kidney deficiency group was higher than control group, with significant meaning compared among three groups (P=0.006, P=0.008).

CONCLUSIONRats model of lumbar disc degeneration established by removed forelimbs and ovariectomized can occure "bone like"--osteoporosis, which is similar with clinical kidney lumbar disc degeneration in tissue morphology, molecular cell biology expression.

Animals ; Collagen ; genetics ; metabolism ; Extracellular Matrix ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Degeneration ; etiology ; metabolism ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Kidney ; physiopathology ; Osteoporosis ; complications ; genetics ; metabolism ; Ovariectomy ; adverse effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

BACKGROUNDCerebral alveolar echinococcosis (CAE) grows infiltratively like a malignant tumor, causing great harm to the human body. It is possible to display mass lesions of CAE using various imaging systems, but regarding the infiltrating proliferation active regions, it is difficult to evaluate its actual range using conventional magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI). This research focused on proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)HMRS) techniques to find the mass and infiltration zone of CAE. We explored the marginal zone (MZ) of CAE nearly close to the actual infiltrating scope, to provide reliable images for clinical purposes, to overcome shortcomings of cMRI, to formulate beneficial clinical surgical plans and assess prognosis.

METHODSBetween September 2005 and May 2011, 15 patients who were suffering from CAE (36 effective lesions altogether) were examined by (1)HMRS at the first affiliated hospital of Xinjiang Medical University. Multi-voxel (1)HMRS was acquired with a 1.5T MRI scanner. Concentrations and the ratios of the metabolites of CAE were calculated. Furthermore, changes in the concentrations of the metabolites containing N-acetyl-aspartic-acid (NAA), choline (Cho), creatine (Cr), lipids and lactate (Lip + Lac) and the ratios of Cho/Cr, NAA/Cr, (Lip + Lac) /Cr were compared in the substantial region, 0 - 10 mm MZ, and 11 - 20 mm MZ of the infiltration zone, as well as the corresponding contralateral part of the normal brain parenchyma area (control group).

RESULTSIn this study, the ratios of Cho/Cr in the substantial region, 0 - 10 mm MZ of infiltration zone and the control group were 1.78 ± 0.70, 1.90 ± 0.54, and 0.78 ± 0.15, respectively; the ratios of NAA/Cr were 1.60 ± 0.20, 1.80 ± 0.42, 2.24 ± 0.86, respectively; the ratios of (Lip + Lac)/Cr were 25.69 ± 13.84, 25.18 ± 16.03, and 0.61 ± 0.15, respectively. From the control group, 11 - 20 mm MZ to 0 - 10 mm MZ and the substantial region of CAE, the concentrations of the metabolites showed that NAA and Cho decreased gradually and markedly. But (Lip + Lac) increased gradually and markedly. The ratios of Cho/Cr and NAA/Cr, (Lip + Lac)/Cr were statistically significant (P < 0.0083) between the substantial region and the control group, as well as between the 0 - 10 mm MZ and the control group. The ratios of Cho/Cr and NAA/Cr, (Lip + Lac)/Cr displayed no statistically significant differences (P > 0.0083) between the substantial region and the 0 - 10 mm MZ.

CONCLUSIONSThere was a pathological spectrum surrounding the infiltration zone of CAE. Multi-voxel 1HMRS has great clinical value for discerning the main lesion and the infiltration zone of CAE.

Adult ; Central Nervous System Infections ; pathology ; Echinococcosis ; pathology ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Objective To study changes and correlations in ultrasound acoustic parameters, bone density and microstructure of the cancellous bone at different stages of decalcification. Methods Fifteen defatted porcine cancellous bone specimens were decalcified at different decalcification stages, and the bone density, microstructure and acoustic parameters were measured by Micro CT and ultrasound system, respectively, before and after the decalcification. Correlations between acoustic parameters, bone density and microstructure were investigated. Results With the loss of calcium in bone specimens, BMD (bone mass density), BS/TV and BV/TV decreased continuously. Microstructure parameters SMI and BS/BV increased, while Tb.Th and Tb.N decreased with Tb. Sp increasing. Degree of anisotropy (DA) increased. Acoustic parameter SOS increased at first, and then decreased, with nBUA slightly decreasing. High correlation was found between acoustic parameters, BMD and bone microstructure parameters. Conclusions Ultrasound acoustic parameters are correlated with BMD and bone microstructure. This study may provide some reference information for the early diagnosis of osteoporosis based on ultrasound.

Objective To compare the effects of location and orientation training on the improvement of visual motor coordination under up down reversed vision, provide reference for the preventation of space motion sickness and the design of adaptation training for sensory conflict. Method Sixteen subjects were instructed to complete the maze task wearing the up down reversing prism spectacle before and after the location training and the orientation training. Both trainings lasted 30 minutes respectively. The error rate and the executing time during the maze test were analyzed and compared. Results Both trainings significantly decreased the error rate and the executing time. In addition, the results of different training methods had significant difference, and the effects of the orientation training was better than that of the location training under up-down reversed vision. Conclusions Under the sensory conflict environment arising from the visual change, the adaptation induced by some task training could also be of benefit to some other task training so as to improve the ability of visual-motor coordination and the adaption to the sensory conflict. However, different trainings could have various degrees of improvement.

Objective To discuss the common complications of single-nostril transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas, and the prevention ofpostsurgical complications. Methods Clinical and follow-up (1-36 months) data of 241 patients with pituitary adenomas treated with single-nostril transsphenoidal surgery were collected and analyzed retrospectively by EXCEL software with regard to the patients' sex, age, tumor dimension and quality, postsurgical complications, and so on. Results Total removal of tumors was achieved in 171 (71%) cases, subtotal removal in 28 (11.6%), most removal in 26 (10.7%), and partial removal in 16 (6.6%). After the operation, 38 (15.8%) cases were found with transient diabetes insipidus, 12 (4.9%) cases with worse sight, 4 (1.6%) with cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea, 2 (0.8%) with unilateral oculomotor paralysis, and 2 (0.8%) with anterior pituitary insufficiency; during the operation, there were 2 (0.8%) cases with severe cavernous sinus hemorrhage, 2(0.8%) with nasoseptal perforation, no internal carotid artery injuries or death. Conclusions Though the damage of single-nostril transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas was small, there were a few complications. In order to prevent the complications and reduce the mortality, we should be familiar with the regional anatomy and better master the surgical skills, meanwhile, clinical experience is also very important in improving the therapeutic efficacy.