Objective: To examine the developmental trajectory of fine motor ability in schoolage children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) for two years, so as to provide scientific evidence to promote motor development in ADHD children. Methods: From April to June 2019, 31 children aged 6-8 years old were selected from a public elementary school. They were diagnosed with ADHD by two psychiatric professionals according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-V) criteria. Additionally, 31 typical developmental children, matched for age, sex and IQ with the ADHD group, were recruited as the control group. Fine motor ability was assessed with tasks of hand manual dexterity in Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2 (MACB-2), and a followup assessment was conducted from April to June 2021. The development changes of fine motor ability between two groups of children were compared by using t test and repeated measures analysis of variance. Results: Between baseline and followup periods after two years, the total score of hand fine motor in the ADHD group did not show significant improvement (7.4±3.0, 8.0±3.4; t=-1.05, P>0.05), while there was a small effect size improvement in typically developing control group (9.5±2.1, 10.5±2.4; t=-2.12, effect size=0.38, P<0.05). Followup after two years, coin/peg throwing scores with dominant hand improved between ADHD group and control group (7.0±3.3, 9.5±3.2; 8.4±2.8, 11.6±1.6) (t=-3.74, -6.33, P<0.01; effect size=0.67, 1.14), with a smaller improvement in the ADHD group. The score for threading beads/threads decreased in between ADHD group and control group (7.9±2.4, 5.8±3.1; 9.2±1.1, 8.2±1.9) (t=3.89, 2.78, P<0.01; effect size=0.70, 0.50), with a greater decrease in the ADHD group. Conclusions The development speed of fine motor ability in children with ADHD aged 6-8 is slow and continues to lag behind normal developmental children. Fine motor development in children with ADHD should be closely monitored, and targeted interventions should be implemented when necessary.

Objective:To compare the safety of radial artery puncture in elderly patients aged 75 years and older who are undergoing neurointerventional procedures.Methods:A single-center retrospective study was conducted, involving 350 elderly patients aged 75 years and older who received neurointerventional treatment at Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, from June to December 2022.The participants were divided into two groups based on the puncture site: femoral artery puncture and radial artery puncture.The safety indicators compared between the two groups included puncture failure, changes in puncture site, general puncture complications(such as subcutaneous bleeding, puncture site hematoma, and vasospasm), severe puncture complications(including distal limb ischemia and pseudoaneurysm), and lower limb venous thrombosis.Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the impact of different puncture methods on the occurrence of complications.Results:Among the 350 patients, 280 underwent femoral artery puncture, while 70 underwent radial artery puncture.There were no statistically significant differences in baseline characteristics between the two groups(all P>0.05).The proportions of patients using antiplatelet drugs prior to surgery, puncture failure rates, rates of change in puncture sites, and the incidence of severe complications-including distal limb ischemia and pseudoaneurysm-were not significantly different between the two groups( χ2=2.051, 0.075, 0.588, 3.175; P=0.152, 0.784, 0.443, 0.075).In the femoral artery puncture group, 20.4%(57 cases)of patients experienced general puncture complications(including subcutaneous bleeding, puncture site hematoma, and vasospasm), whereas only 8.6%(6 cases)in the radial artery puncture group experienced such complications, revealing a statistically significant difference between the two groups( χ2=5.720, P=0.022).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that, compared to femoral artery puncture, radial artery puncture was associated with a reduced risk of all complications( OR=0.272, 95% CI: 0.139-0.532, P<0.001), general puncture complications( OR=0.375, 95% CI: 0.153-0.919, P=0.032)and lower limb venous thrombosis( OR=0.219, 95% CI: 0.050-0.954, P=0.043). Conclusions:In elderly patients aged 75 years and older who are undergoing neurointerventional procedures, radial artery puncture is associated with a reduced incidence of general puncture complications and lower limb venous thrombosis when compared to femoral artery puncture, indicating a superior safety profile.

Objective: Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is a condition of unknown etiology associated with venous sinus stenosis. This study aimed to develop a magnetic resonance venography (MRV)-based radiomics model for predicting a high trans-stenotic pressure gradient (TPG) in IIH patients diagnosed with venous sinus stenosis. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 105 IIH patients (median age [interquartile range], 35 years [27– 42 years]; female:male, 82:23) who underwent MRV and catheter venography complemented by venous manometry. Contrast enhanced-MRV was conducted under 1.5 Tesla system, and the images were reconstructed using a standard algorithm. Shape features were derived from MRV images via the PyRadiomics package and selected by utilizing the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) method. A radiomics score for predicting high TPG (≥ 8 mmHg) in IIH patients was formulated using multivariable logistic regression; its discrimination performance was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). A nomogram was constructed by incorporating the radiomics scores and clinical features. Results: Data from 105 patients were randomly divided into two distinct datasets for model training (n = 73; 50 and 23 with and without high TPG, respectively) and testing (n = 32; 22 and 10 with and without high TPG, respectively). Three informative shape features were identified in the training datasets: least axis length, sphericity, and maximum three-dimensional diameter.The radiomics score for predicting high TPG in IIH patients demonstrated an AUROC of 0.906 (95% confidence interval, 0.836– 0.976) in the training dataset and 0.877 (95% confidence interval, 0.755–0.999) in the test dataset. The nomogram showed good calibration. Conclusion Our study presents the feasibility of a novel model for predicting high TPG in IIH patients using radiomics analysis of noninvasive MRV-based shape features. This information may aid clinicians in identifying patients who may benefit from stenting.

Objective To observe the electromyography characteristics of children's handwriting with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD),and explore its electrophysiological mechanism,so as to provide an objective basis for developing non-pharmacological treatment for such children.Methods Between September 2021 and April 2022,29 ADHD children were recruited from an ordinary public primary school and the psychiatric clinic of a class-3 grade-A hospital in Beijing.Among them,25 were boys and 4 were girls,with an average age of 8.21±1.78 years.Meanwhile,23 male and 5 fe-male healthy counterparts were selected with the age gap no more than 6 months.The Delsys wireless surface EMG system was used to collect the electromyographic signals of the abductor pollicis breve,the first dorsal interosseous muscle,the flexor radial carpi motor and the extensor finger muscles dur-ing their writing tasks such as tracing trajectories,writing Arabic numerals 0-9,26 small and capital English letters,Chinese characters one to ten and"Yong".The percentage of the averaged electromyog-raphy(AEMG)of a muscle in the sum value of all measured muscles,and the coefficient of differ-ence were selected to evaluate the muscle contribution rate and the consistency of exertion,respective-ly.Moreover,the independent sample t-test was employed to compare the two different groups with the significance set at α=0.05.Results There was a significant difference in the muscle contribution of abductor pollicis breve and first dorsal interosseous muscles when writing Arabic numerals and that of abductor pollicis breve muscles when writing Chinese characters between ADHD children(27.29%,25.58%and 27.53%)and their healthy counterparts(42.87%,19.96%and 37.13%)(P<0.05).Most muscle differentiation coefficients of ADHD children were higher than 100%,with that of the domi-nant hand radial wrist flexor muscle reaching 270%in the trajectory tracing task.Conclusion Accord-ing to the characteristics of EMG signals,school-age ADHD children show an immature writing pat-tern,including poor stability of writing-related muscles,insufficient control of small finger muscle groups,poor control of hand coordination,and insufficient muscle inhibition of non-dominant hand.It is recommended to conduct the electromyoelectric assessment of handwriting movements in ADHD chil-dren,so as to carry out targeted intervention at an early stage.

Objective:To investigate the value of a preoperatively MRI-based deep learning (DL) radiomics machine learning model to distinguish low-grade and high-grade soft tissue sarcomas (STS).Methods:From November 2007 to May 2019, 151 patients with STS confirmed by pathology in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University were enrolled as training sets, and 131 patients in the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University were enrolled as external validation sets. According to the French Federation Nationale des Centres de Lutte Contre le Cancer classification (FNCLCC) system, 161 patients with FNCLCC grades Ⅰ and Ⅱ were defined as low-grade and 121 patients with grade Ⅲ were defined as high-grade. The hand-crafted radiomic (HCR) and DL radiomic features of the lesions were extracted respectively. Based on HCR features, DL features, and HCR-DL combined features, respectively, three machine-learning models were established by decision tree, logistic regression, and support vector machine (SVM) classifiers. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to evaluate the performance of each machine learning model and choose the best one. The univariate and multivariate logistic regression were used to establish a clinical-imaging factors model based on demographics and MRI findings. The nomogram was established by combining the optimal radiomics model and the clinical-imaging model. The AUC was used to evaluate the performance of each model and the DeLong test was used for comparison of AUC between every two models. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve and log-rank test were used to evaluate the performance of the optimal machine learning model in the risk stratification of progression free survival (PFS) in STS patients.Results:The SVM radiomics model based on HCR-DL combined features had the optimal predicting power with AUC values of 0.931(95%CI 0.889-0.973) in the training set and 0.951 (95%CI 0.904-0.997) in the validation set. The AUC values of the clinical-imaging model were 0.795 (95%CI 0.724-0.867) and 0.615 (95%CI 0.510-0.720), and of the nomogram was 0.875 (95%CI 0.818-0.932) and 0.786 (95%CI 0.701-0.872) in the training and validation sets, respectively. In validation set, the performance of SVM radiomics model was better than those of the nomogram and clinical-imaging models ( Z=3.16, 6.07; P=0.002,<0.001). Using the optimal radiomics model, there was statistically significant in PFS between the high and low risk groups of STS patients (training sets: χ2=43.50, P<0.001; validation sets: χ2=70.50, P<0.001). Conclusion:Preoperative MRI-based DL radiomics machine learning model has accurate prediction performance in differentiating the histopathological grading of STS. The SVM radiomics model based on HCR-DL combined features has the optimal predicting power and was expected to undergo risk stratification of prognosis in STS patients.

Objective:To evaluate the safety and feasibility of endovascular recanalization for non-acute internal carotid artery occlusion (NA-ICAO), and to propose a new angiographic classification.Methods:From April 2015 to October 2019, 95 consecutive patients with symptomatic NA-ICAO who received endovascular recanalization were retrospectively analyzed in Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University. All the patients were divided into four groups according to DSA: type Ⅰ, petrous segments were distally reconstituted by collateral vessels; type Ⅱ, cavernous segments were distally reconstituted by collateral vessels; type Ⅲ, ophthalmic segments were distally reconstituted by collateral vessels; type Ⅳ, communicating segments were distally reconstituted by collateral vessels. Study data including clinical characteristics, surgical details, lesion classification, recanalization rate and perioperative complications. For the counting data, the χ 2 test was used to compare between groups. For the quantitative data, the ANOVA was used for the normal distribution data, otherwise the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used. The primary safety outcome was any stroke or death within 30 days. Results:Among the 95 patients, 67 (70.53%) had successful recanalization. The recanalization rates of type Ⅰ－Ⅳ were 92.31% (36/39), 81.82% (18/22), 47.83% (11/23) and 18.18% (2/11) respectively (χ2=29.557, P<0.001). And the complication rates of the four types were 5.13% (2/39), 13.64% (3/22), 21.74% (5/23) and 9.10% (1/11) respectively. The incidence of perioperative ischemic stroke was 2.11% (2/95). No other serious stroke and death occurred. Conclusions:Endovascular recanalization may be feasible and safe for carefully selected patients with NA-ICAO and therefore represents an alternative treatment. The patients with type Ⅰ and Ⅱ lesions had higher recanalization rates, while the patients with type Ⅳ lesions had significantly lower recalculation rate. The new angiographic classification is conducive to the selection of suitable patients and difficulty in grading.

Objective:To compare the safety and therapeutic effect of bridging therapy versus direct endovascular treatment in patients with acute ischemic stroke(AIS)aged 80 years and over, who received the therapy within 4.5 h of onset.Methods:A total of 89 AIS patients aged 80 years and over receiving the endovascular therapy at our hospital from January 2016 to June 2019 were studied with versus without intravenous thrombolysis before endovascular therapy(the former as bridging therapy group, n=49; the latter as the direct endovascular treatment group, n=40). Baseline information including gender, the modified Rankin scale(mRS)score, medical history, smoking history, preoperative national institute of health stroke scale(NIHSS)score were collected.Clinical data related to the operation including the times from onset to hospital, door-to-puncture and door-to-recanalization, complications(symptomatic cerebral hemorrhage, mortality)and mRS at 90 d after treatment were compared between the two groups.Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine whether or not bridging therapy with intravenous thrombolysis was a prognostic factor.Results:There was no significant difference in baseline information between the two groups( P>0.05). The times from onset to hospital, door-to-puncture, door-to-recanalization had no significant difference between the two groups( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of symptomatic cerebral hemorrhage and mortality within 90 d between the two groups(26.5% or 13 cases vs. 17.5% or 7 cases, 14.3% or 7 cases vs.7.5% or 3 cases, χ2=1.031 and 1.017, P=0.310 and 0.313). With different clinical outcomes as dependent variables, after adjusting factors such as gender, admission NIHSS and medical history, Logistic regression analysis showed that the bridging therapy with intravenous thrombolysis was not a prognostic factor( OR=0.795, 95% CI: 0.280~2.258, P=0.666). Conclusions:The bridging therapy is as safe and effective as the direct intravascular therapy for AIS patients aged 80 and over within 4.5 hours of onset.The intravenous thrombolysis should be given as soon as possible within time window.

TORCH, which is considered as a series of pathogens, including the Toxoplasma gondii, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus or Herpes simplex virus, often infects the pregnant women to induce the the fetus or newborn infection by transplacental infection or exposure to contaminated genital tract secretions at delivery. Increasing evidence have been confirmed that the infection of TORCH may cause the miscarriage, premature birth, malformed fetus, stillbirth, intrauterine growth retardation, neonatal multiple organ dysfunction and other adverse pregnancy outcomes. For most TORCH-infections cases may lacking the effective treatments during pregnancy, and it is important to achieve the effacing monitoring of TORCH infections before and during pregnancy. The laboratory testing of TORCH has the great significance. However, the consensus opinions still need to improve the the standardization of TORCH testing process and the correct interpretation. Based on the characteristics of the TORCH detection method, this article gives a consensus opinion on the standardized detection and clinical application of TORCH from the laboratory perspective according to the characteristics and types of infection of different pathogens.

Objective To evaluate the safety and therapeutic effects of stent retriever-based thrombectomy (SRT) on acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in patients aged 80 years and older.Methods A cohort of 157 AIS patients hospitalized in Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Tiantan Hospital were selected for SRT from January 2016 to May 2017.Based on the age,all patients were divided into two groups:groups aged ＜ 80 years and ≥ 80 years.Baseline information including gender,the Modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score,past medical history,smoking history,preoperative National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS),the Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Scores (ASPECTS),intravenous thrombolysis and clinical outcomes were compared between two groups.The informations related to the operation,including time from onset to hospital,door-to-needle puncture time,door-to-recanalization time,SRT complications (symptomatic cerebral hemorrhage,mortality) and good outcome,were compared between two groups.Logistic regression analysis was used to determine whether the age of 80 years and over was a risk factor for adverse prognosis after SRT.Results There were 130 patients in the group ＜ 80 years of age,and 27 patients in the group ≥80 years.No significant differences were found in baseline information between the two groups (all P＞ 0.05).In addition,there were no significant differences in the proportions of the operative information,complications of SRT and the good outcome (all P＞0.05).Furthermore,advanced age (≥80 years) was not a risk factor for adverse outcome after SRT (OR =0.738,95％ CI:0.300-1.813).Conclusions Stent retriever-based thrombectomy is safe and beneficial for patients with acute ischemic stroke,even in patients aged 80 years and over.

Objective To evaluate the safety,effectiveness,and middle or long-term efficacy of endovascular stenting of internal carotid artery stenosis at the cavernous segment. Methods Thirty-two patients underwent endovascular stenting at the cavernous segment of internal carotid artery from January 2012 to February 2015 were enrolled retrospectively. Angioplasty and stenting were conducted using Apollo or Winspan stent system. The improvement of internal carotid artery cavernous segment stenosis and perioperative safety and the results of the medium and long-term follow-up of the 2 kinds of stents were observed. Results All the 32 patients achieved technical success. The symptoms of cerebral ischemia of the patients were relieved significantly. The length of the stenosis at cavernous segment of the internal carotid artery was 4 to 13 mm (mean,7. 2 ±2. 9 mm). The stenosis rate from 82 ± 7% before treatment decreased to the 24 ± 7% . One patient had perioperative complication (4. 7%),26 of them were followed up with DSA,and 6 were lost to follow-up. The follow-up period ranged from 7 to 29 months (mean,16 ± 7 months). During the follow-up period,1 patient had intracerebral hemorrhage,1 had cerebral infarction,and none of them died. Four patients had in-stent restenosis,three of them used Winspan stents, and 1 used Apollo stents. Conclusion The patients should be screened strictly,particularly paying attention to the length of lesions. Endovascular stent angioplasty for the treatment of internal carotid artery cavernous segment stenosis is a safe and effective method.