To study the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and insomnia among social workers during the prolonged battle against the COVID-19 pandemic and explore the associated risk factors.

Using a stratified cluster sampling method, we selected all social workers in the five streets of Chaoyang District, Beijing(Jiuxianqiao, Wangjing, Taiyanggong, Shibalidian, Sunhe) from November 2021 to March 2022 as the study population(social worker group), and the frontline medical staffs(medical professional group) of the same age range of the corresponding community hospitals of the same five streets, and the community residents(resident group) as the control population. The ratio of the social worker group, medical professional group, and resident group was 1∶1∶1. The Sojump platform was used to send electronic questionnaires to the wechat groups of social workers, healthcare workers, and community residents to carry out the survey. The screen positive rates for anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders were compared among the 3 groups. Multifactorial Logistic regression and decision tree were used to analyze the influencing factors of anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders among social workers.

A total of 954 questionnaires were collected, of which 62 were disqualified and excluded. Finally, 892 valid questionnaires(93.5%) were included for data analysis. Among them, there were 372 questionnaires(41.7%) from the social worker group, 262(29.4%) from the medical professional group, and 258(28.9%) from the resident group. The prevalences of anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders among social workers group were found to be 15.3%, 22.0%, and 48.1%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in the medical professional group(7.6%, 10.3%, and 30.5%) and the resident group(7.0%, 8.5%, and 29.5%), all P < 0.001. Multiple Logistic regression showed that family burden(OR=1.80, 95% CI: 1.09-2.96) and Chinese perceived stress scale(CPSS) score(OR=1.34, 95% CI: 1.24-1.45) were independent influencing factors for anxiety among social workers; CPSS score(OR=1.29, 95% CI: 1.20-1.39) and social support rating scale(SSRS) score(OR=0.96, 95% CI: 0.92-1.00) were independent influencing factors for depression among social workers; family history of mental illness(OR=4.91, 95% CI: 1.27-18.94), CPSS score(OR=1.20, 95% CI: 1.14-1.27), and SSRS score(OR=0.95, 95% CI: 0.91-0.98) were independent influencing factors for sleep disorders among social workers. The results of decision tree analysis were consistent with those of multiple Logistic regression analysis. Family burden, CPSS score, and SSRS score were important variables affecting the mental health of social workers, among which CPSS score was strongly associated with anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders among social workers.

Social workers exhibited significant levels of anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders during the long-term pandemic prevention, with CPSS being the most significant influencing factor.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2021.03.043.].

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical efficacy of Feining Paidu decoction on refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in child patients. MethodA randomized controlled trial （RCT） was conducted， with 96 child patients randomly divided into a control group and an observation group， each containing 48 cases. The control group received intravenous azithromycin （10 mg·kg^-1·d^-1） for 7 days， intravenous methylprednisolone （1 mg·kg^-1·d^-1） for 3 days， along with supportive treatments such as fluid infusion and antipyretics. The observation group received oral administration of Feining Paidu decoction once a day for 7 days. Changes in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） syndrome scores， clinical efficacy， serum soluble B7-H3 （sB7-H3）， serum inflammatory factors， coagulation function， and lung imaging ［computer tomography（CT）］ scores were observed in both groups. Adverse reaction events were also recorded. ResultThe total effective rate in the observation group was 95.74% （45/47）， significantly higher than 80.43% （37/46） in the control group （Z=-3.702， P<0.01）. Compared with the results before treatment， TCM syndrome scores， lung imaging scores， sB7-H3， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， D-dimer （D-D）， and fibrinogen （FIB） levels in both groups all significantly decreased after treatment （P<0.05， P<0.01）. After treatment， the observation group showed significantly better results in these indicators than the control group （P<0.05， P<0.01）. There was no statistically significant difference in thrombin time （TT） in the control group before and after treatment， while the observation group showed a significant prolongation after treatment （P<0.05）. There were no statistically significant differences in activated partial thromboplastin time （APTT） and prothrombin time （PT） between the two groups before treatment， and no serious adverse reactions occurred in either group. ConclusionFeining Paidu decoction combined with conventional treatment can alleviate inflammatory responses， improve hypercoagulable states， promote the absorption of pulmonary inflammation， and enhance the clinical efficacy of refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children.

Gastrointestinal mucositis is one of the most debilitating side effects of the chemotherapeutic agent irinotecan (CPT-11). Andrographolide, a natural bicyclic diterpenoid lactone, has been reported to possess anti-colitis activity. In this study, andrographolide treatment was found to significantly relieve CPT-11-induced colitis in tumor-bearing mice without decreasing the tumor suppression effect of CPT-11. CPT-11 causes DNA damage and the release of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) from the intestine, leading to cyclic-GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)‒stimulator of interferon genes (STING)-mediated colitis, which was significantly decreased by andrographolide both in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistic studies revealed that andrographolide could promote homologous recombination (HR) repair and downregulate dsDNA‒cGAS‒STING signaling and contribute to the improvement of CPT-11-induced gastrointestinal mucositis. These results suggest that andrographolide may be a novel agent to relieve gastrointestinal mucositis caused by CPT-11.

Objective:To investigate the features, diagnostic value and clinical significance of prenatal ultrasound for umbilical cord ulcer (UCU).Methods:Ultrasonographic characteristics of three fetuses with UCU diagnosed at Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center from January 2014 to June 2020 were reviewed. Relevant articles published from January 1, 1990, to June 1, 2020, were retrieved from Wanfang, CNKI and PubMed databases and analyzed. Likelihood ratio, adjusted Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used to analyze the association between the pathological results and fetal outcomes. Results:(1) Among the three fetuses with UCU, two were complicated by upper gastrointestinal obstruction and one by intrauterine infection. Two of them survived and one died after birth. Prenatal ultrasound examination of the umbilical cord and amniotic cavity showed one case was normal, while the other two showing features such as flocculent hypoechoic sign around the umbilical cord, cloudy hyperechoic sign ejecting from the umbilical cord lesion in dynamic observation, exposed umbilical vessels and ribbon-like echo around the umbilical cord. (2) No reported case of UCU had been found in any publications in China. A total of 39 reported cases of UCU complicated by duodenal or jejunal obstruction were retrieved from English literature, among which intrauterine fetal death, neonatal death and live births accounted for 30.8% (12/39), 28.2% (11/39) and 41.0% (16/39), respectively. Six cases with intrauterine abnormalities detected by prenatal ultrasound survived after emergent cesarean section, showing a positive detection rate of 15.4% (6/39), of which three obtained a snapshot of umbilical cord bleeding and three were characterized by lamellar and linear echoes around the amniotic cavity or umbilical cord. Hemorrhagic amniotic fluid was observed in 66.7% (26/39) of the fetuses and decreased heart rate occurred in 35.9%(14/39). The site, number and pathological grade of UCU were not related to the pregnancy outcomes (all P>0.05). Conclusions:Prenatal ultrasound for detecting abnormalities in umbilical cord and amniotic cavity is of a certain value in the diagnosis of UCU. Lamellar and linear echoes around the umbilical cord may be the ultrasonographic characteristics of UCU. The real-time detection of UCU bleeding by prenatal ultrasound can provide direct evidence for timely clinical treatment.

OBJECTIVETo predict the burden caused by fatal road traffic injuries from 2015 to 2030.

METHODSWe searched the websites of United Nations Population Division,United States Department of Agriculture, World Health Organization, China Energy Research Foundation and other agencies to obtain the predictive values of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, urbanization, motorization and education from 2015 to 2030 in China. Predicted values were then applied to log-linear models to estimate the numbers and years of life lost due to road traffic injuries from 2015 to 2030.

RESULTSThe mortality rate caused by road traffic injury decreased slightly, from 13.7/100 000 in 2015 to 11.8/100 000 in 2030. 191, 189, 183, 169 thousand persons were estimated to die from road traffic crashes in 2015, 2020, 2025 and 2030, respectively, showing a declining trend. Years of Life Lost (YLLs) caused by road traffic deaths were predicted to be 6 918, 6 634, 6 189, 5 513 thousand years in 2015, 2020, 2025 and 2030, respectively, also showing a gradual downward trend. But the YLLs displayed an increase among people at 55 years of age or older, between 2015 and 2030. Results from the sensitivity analysis showed a stable forecasting result.

CONCLUSIONMortality, number of deaths and YLLs from road traffic crashes were predicted to decrease slightly, between 2015 and 2030 but the number of deaths and YLLs due to road traffic injuries will continue to increase from 2015 to 2030.

Accidents, Traffic ; mortality ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Cost of Illness ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Objective To predict the burden caused by fatal road traffic injuries from 2015 to 2030. Methods We searched the websites of United Nations Population Division,United States Department of Agriculture,World Health Organization,China Energy Research Foundation and other agencies to obtain the predictive values of gross domestic product(GDP)per capita,urbanization, motorization and education from 2015 to 2030 in China. Predicted values were then applied to log-linear models to estimate the numbers and years of life lost due to road traffic injuries from 2015 to 2030. Results The mortality rate caused by road traffic injury decreased slightly,from 13.7/100 000 in 2015 to 11.8/100 000 in 2030. 191,189,183,169 thousand persons were estimated to die from road traffic crashes in 2015,2020,2025 and 2030,respectively,showing a declining trend. Years of Life Lost(YLLs)caused by road traffic deaths were predicted to be 6 918,6 634,6 189,5 513 thousand years in 2015,2020,2025 and 2030,respectively,also showing a gradual downward trend. But the YLLs displayed an increase among people at 55 years of age or older,between 2015 and 2030. Results from the sensitivity analysis showed a stable forecasting result. Conclusion Mortality, number of deaths and YLLs from road traffic crashes were predicted to decrease slightly,between 2015 and 2030 but the number of deaths and YLLs due to road traffic injuries will continue to increase from 2015 to 2030.

Objectives To learn about current public health education for undergraduate clinical students and to provide some references for developing suitable teaching way in the further.Methods Public health education for undergraduate clinical students in 11 medical colleges and universities and teachers' opinions on it were surveyed with the self-made questionnaire.Quantitative data were analyzed with descriptive statistic method.Results All the surveyed colleges and universities opened public health curriculum for undergraduate clinical students and 10 colleges and universities made public health course to be compulsory.The teaching contents were varied in different colleges and universities.Teachers who gave the public health courses proposed some suggestions on its reform.Conclusions Public health education for clinical students in different colleges and universities has both unity and diversity.It should develop new teaching model based on the training goal of public health education for undergraduate clinical students.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and incidence of illness of two-week duration, and the factors influencing these, among residents 15 years and older in four counties of Hunan Province. METHODS: Data were sampled from four counties of Hunan Province for the Fourth National Health Service Survey. Incidence and two-week prevalence of disease were used to assess the health service needs of residents. A non-conditional, stepwise logistic regression was employed to explore the influencing factors. RESULTS: The two-week prevalence and incidence were 11.5% and 3.9%, respectively, in four counties of Hunan. The three leading diseases of two-week prevalence were: respiratory diseases, digestive diseases, and musculoskeletal diseases. Non-conditional stepwise logistic regression showed that urban residents had 0.64 times the risk of two-week illness compared with the rural residents (P< 0.05); residents in the 45-59 year age group and the 60+ year age group had 1.69 and 2.62 times the risk of two-week illness compared with residents in the 15-44 year age group, respectively (P<0.05). The widowed had 1.91 times the risk of prevalence of two-week illness contrasted to singles (P<0.05); the students had 0.29 times the risk of two-week illness contrasted to the workers (P<0.05); urban residents had 0.63 times the risk of two-week illness compared with the rural (P<0.05); the widowed had 2.37 times the risk of incidence of two-week illness compared with singles (P<0.05). CONCLUSION The majority of health service needs of residents of four counties is generated by three diseases: respiratory diseases, digestive diseases, and musculoskeletal diseases. Relatively, rural residents, the elderly, employed persons and the widowed have higher health service needs than others and deserve specific attention.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; China ; epidemiology ; Community Health Services ; statistics & numerical data ; Digestive System Diseases ; epidemiology ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Musculoskeletal Diseases ; epidemiology ; Respiratory Tract Diseases ; epidemiology ; Sampling Studies ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

The present study examined von Willebrand factor (vWF) levels and ADAMTS13 activity in pregnant and severe preeclamptic women in order to shed light on the prothrombotic state in severe preeclampsia. Thirty healthy women of childbearing age, 22 second trimester pregnant women, 30 third trimester pregnant women and 10 severe preeclamptic patients were recruited in this study. ADAMTS13 activity was determined by the FRETS-vWF73 assay and vWF antigen (vWF:Ag) levels by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The results showed that there were statistically significant differences in plasma vWF antigen levels between the severe preeclamptic and third trimester pregnant women, between third and second trimester pregnant women (P<0.05). The third trimester pregnant women had significantly lower plasma ADAMTS13 activity than second trimester pregnant women (P<0.05). Nevertheless, no significant differences in plasma ADAMTS13 activity were found between severe preeclamptic patients and the third trimester pregnant women (P>0.05). In conclusion, plasma ADAMTS13 activity is normal in severe preeclampsia despite the increased vWF:Ag levels. Prothrombotic state is involved in the pathogenesis of severe preeclampsia, as a result of endothelial injury.
ADAM Proteins ; blood ; metabolism ; ADAMTS13 Protein ; Adult ; Blood Coagulation ; physiology ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Pre-Eclampsia ; blood ; enzymology ; physiopathology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Young Adult ; von Willebrand Factor ; metabolism