The goal of achieving elimination of schistosomiasis across all endemic counties in China by 2030 was proposed in the Outline of the Healthy China 2030 Plan. On June 16, 2023, the Action Plan to Accelerate the Elimination of Schistosomiasis in China (2023—2030) was jointly issued by National Disease Control and Prevention Administration and other 10 ministries, which deployed the targets and key tasks of the national schistosomiasis elimination programme in China. This article describes the progress of the national schistosomiasis control programme, analyzes the opportunities to eliminate schistosomiasis, and proposes targeted recommendations to tackle the challenges of schistosomiasis elimination, so as to accelerate the process towards schistosomiasis elimination and facilitate the building of a healthy China.

Narciclasine(NCS),a hymenocallis littoralis alkaloid extracted from the bulbs of the genus Narcissus in the Lycoriaceae family,has been proven to have significant anti-tumor activity against a variety of tumor cells.The antitumor mechanisms of NCS are diverse and NCS exhibits antitumor effects through different pathways,which adapts to the current trend of developing multi-target anti-tumor drugs.This review introduces the research progress of the anti-tumor activity and mechanism of NCS in recent years based on the inhibitory effect of NCS on gastric cancer cells,oral cancer cells,polymorphous glioblastoma cells,colon cancer cells,breast cancer cells,melanoma cells and primary exudative lymphoma cells,aiming to provide ideas and references for the research and development,and design of NCS type anti-tumor drugs in the future.

Objective:To investigate the nutritional risk, incidence of malnutrition, and intake of three major energy-supplying nutrients, analyze changes in their body composition and the possible influencing factors in patients with stomach neoplasms during perioperative period in order to provide a theoretical basis for the nutritional management of patients with stomach neoplasms during perioperative period.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 105 patients who underwent gastric cancer radical surgery in the Gastrointestinal Department of Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University from June 2021 to May 2023 were taken as the research subjects using fixed-point continuous sampling method. They were recruited for screening and assessment using Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS 2002) and Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA). Nutrients intake during the perioperative period were investigated using the 24-h recall method and dietary diary method, etc. Body compositions were measured using the bioelectrical resistance method.Results:Among the 105 patients, there were 78 males and 27 females, with an average age of (61.5 ± 10.3) years. About 83.8% (88/105) gastric cancer patients were at nutritional risk and 82.9% (87/105) were malnourished. The preoperative and postoperative energy intake were (1 646.1 ± 321.5) and (1 317.2 ± 365.8) kcal (1 kcal=4.184 kJ), respectively, which were significantly lower than the target amount of (1 896.7 ± 262.9) kcal, the difference was statistically significant ( t=6.23, 8.29, both P<0.05).The preoperative body mass, muscle mass, skeletal muscle, fat mass, and skeletal muscle index were (51.5 ± 9.6), (40.8 ± 6.0), (23.6 ± 4.0), (8.3 ± 4.9) kg, and 6.7 ± 0.8 respectively, while the postoperative values were (50.0 ± 9.1), (39.8 ± 6.0), (22.8 ± 3.6), (7.8 ± 5.2) kg, and 6.5 ± 0.8 respectively, with statistically significant differences between the two groups ( t values were 2.89-10.61, all P<0.05). Logistic multivariate regression analysis showed that the operation time ( OR=3.984, 95% CI 1.433-11.080, P<0.05) and energy satisfaction ( OR=0.053, 95% CI 0.005-0.610, P<0.05) were independent influencing factors for the degree of skeletal muscle loss. Conclusions:During perioperative period, the gastric cancer patients had poor nutritional status with insufficient nutrient intake and accelerated loss of body muscle and fat. Therefore, it was necessary to conduct a comprehensive nutritional evaluation for patients with stomach neoplasms during perioperative period in time and take steps to promote recovery by providing individualized nutritional therapy.

AIM:The paper is to explore a rapid and simple method for the culture of mouse primary thyroid cells.METHODS:Mouse thyroid cells were isolated by enzyme digestion and cultured with improved medium,and their morphology,characteristics and secretory function were observed within 14 d.RESULTS:In the cultures,the active pri-mary cells were obtained from the thyroid tissue after digestion for 25 min;adherent growth was observed on the 2nd day.And secondary follicles appeared from the 5th to 7th day.Over 95%cells were detected with thyroglobulin.The secretion of total triiodothyronine and total thyroxine maintains over 60%in 7 d.The expression levels of specific genes can still maintain more than 50%in 10 d.CONCLUSION:Mouse thyroid primary cells can be rapidly cultured by this method,and the cells can be used for studying thyroid endocrine secretion within 7 d and studying thyroid genes within 10 d.

Objective:To investigate the trend of radiological diagnostic examination frequency and the related influencing factors in a general hospital in recent four years.Methods:The hospital information system and the radiology information system were used to collect the information on the numbers of the outpatients, the emergency patients, and the inpatients and the radiology examination information from 2019 to 2022. The examination frequency and proportion of various imaging equipment were counted by using the perspective table of data, and the examination items and the proportion of the radiological diagnostic examinations were calculated. The positive rates of the radiological examinations were measured from 2019 to 2022. The gender and age distribution of the patients were analyzed. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationships between the numbers of the patients undergoing radiological examinations and the numbers of the outpatients, emergency patients and the inpatients.Results:The annual frequency of radiological diagnostic examinations from 2019 to 2022 were 307 306, 245 418, 317 250 and 325 625, respectively, with a total of 1 195 599. Among them, the proportions of CT, X-rays, bedside X-rays, bone density, gastrointestinal imaging and mammography were 59.74%, 38.04%, 1.39%, 0.42%, 0.21% and 0.19%, respectively. In each year, the proportion of CT in all radiological diagnostic examinations was 49.58%, 63.40%, 60.40% and 65.20%, respectively. The frequency of emergency CT and emergency chest CT was correlated with the number of emergency patients( r =0.63, 0.61, P<0.05), and the frequency of non-emergency CT was correlated with the number of outpatients and inpatients ( r =0.61, 0.66, P<0.05). The positive rates of the CT examinations were higher than 80% except the lowest of 79.95% in 2021. Conclusions:Radiological examinations especially CT examinations have increased significantly, and played an important role in the diagnosis of diseases. However, attention should be paid to the Justification of the CT examinations. Timely statistical analysis of radiological examination information can provide data supports and references for scientific management of radiological examinations.

AIM: To study the protective effect of fenofibrate on diabetic retinal neurodegeneration and observe its effect on miR-26a-5p and its target gene PTEN in the retinal of diabetic mice.METHODS: Diabetic mice models were established and they were gavaged by fenofibrate. H& E staining and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe the impairments of retinal neurons. Real-time PCR was used to examine the expression of miR-26a-5p, and Western blotting was employed to measure the expression of phosphatase and tensin homologue(PTEN)in the retina of diabetic mice. The expression level of nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB), interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and the morphology of neural tissues were observed.RESULTS: When compared with the diabetic mice, fenofibrate significantly attenuated the damage to retinal ganglion cells and the atrophy of retinal nerve fiber layer. While the level of miR-26a-5p was increased and the levels of PTEN and inflammatory mediators were significantly decreased in the retina of fenofibrate treated diabetic mice, with significant statistical significance(P<0.05).CONCLUSIONS: Fenofibrate protects against diabetic retinal neurodegeneration by upregulating miR-26a-5p and inhibiting PTEN, attenuating the inflammatory response and alleviating retinal cell injury.

Objective:To analyze the influence of forming direction on the surface characteristics,elastic modulus,bending strength and fracture toughness of printed parts and the relationship between forming direction and force direction,and to provide scientific basis and guidance for the clinical applica-tion of oral denture base resin materials.Methods:The 3D printing technology was used to print denture base resin samples.The shape and size of the samples referred to the current standard for testing conven-tional denture base materials.The samples used for physical performance testing were cylindrical(with a diameter of 15 mm and a thickness of 1 mm)and printed at different angles along the Z axis(0°,45°,90°).Scanning electron microscope was used to observe the microscopic topography of the different sam-ples.The color stability of different samples was observed by color stabilizer.The surface roughness of the samples was analyzed by using surface roughness tester.The Vickers hardness was measured to ana-lyze the hardness of the samples.The samples used for mechanical performance testing were rectangular(elastic modulus and bending strength:A length of 64 mm,a width of 10 mm,and a height of 3.3 mm;fracture toughness:A length of 39 mm,a width of 8 mm,and a height of 4 mm),divided into two groups:W group and H group.The W group was printed from the bottom up along the Z axis with the length × width as the bottom surface parallel to the X,Y axis plane,while the H group printed from the bottom up along the Z axis with the length × height as the bottom surface parallel to the X,Y axis plane.The forming angles of both groups were equally divided into 0°,45°,and 90°.The elastic modulus,bending strength and fracture toughness of different samples were studied through universal mechanical testing machine.SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis.Results:The microscopic topogra-phy and roughness of different samples were closely related to the printing direction,with significant differences between the 0°,45°,and 90° specimens.The 0° specimens had the smoothest surface(roughness＜1 μm).The surface of the 45 ° specimen was the roughest(roughness＞3 μm).The microhardness of the 0° sample was the best[(196.13±0.20)MPa],with a significant difference com-pared with the 90° sample[(186.62±4.81)MPa,P＜0.05].The mechanical properties of different samples were also closely related to the printing direction.The elastic modulus,bending strength,and fracture toughness of the 45° samples in the W group were the highest compared with the other groups.The results of elastic modulus showed that in the H group,the 45° specimens had the highest elastic mo-dulus,which was significantly different from the 0° and 90° specimens(P＜0.05).The elastic modulus of 0° and 45° specimens in the W group were higher than those in 90° specimens(P＜0.05).The bending strength results showed that there was no significant difference between the specimens from dif-ferent angles in the H group.The bending strength of the 90° specimens in the W group was the smallest,and there was a significant difference between 90° and the 0° and 45° specimens(P＜0.05);And the bendind strength of the 0° and 45° specimens in the W group was significantly higher than that of the 0° and 45° specimens in the H group(P＜0.05).The fracture toughness results showed that the fracture toughness of the H group specimens was lower than 1.9 MPa m1/2,which was specified in the denture base standard.The 45° samples in the W group were the highest,with significant differences compared with the 0° and 90° samples(P＜0.05).And the 90° samples of the W group specimens were lower than 1.9 MPa m1/2.And the fracture toughness of the 45° specimen in the W group was significantly higher than that of all the specimens in the H group(P＜0.05).Conclusion:The 0° samples had rela-tively better physical properties.The 45° samples had the best mechanical properties.But the fracture toughness of specimens(H group and 90° samples of W group)did not yet meet clinical requirements.That indicated that the characteristics of the 3D printing denture base resin were affected by the printing direction.Only when the performance of the printed samples in all directions met the minimum require-ments of the standard,they could be used in clinical practice.

Objective To analyze the quality of 22 batches of Fritillariae thunbergii bulbus Formula Granules from 12 different manufacturers by using water-extraction reference substance of Fritillariae thunbergii bulbus(ZBM ERS ST)and water-extraction reference substance of Fritillariae hupehensis bulbus(HBBM ERS ST)as references.Methods Ethyl acetate-methanol-triethylamine-water(17∶1∶1∶0.5)was used as the developing solvent for high-performance thin-layer chromatography(HPTLC)fingerprint analysis.The high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)fingerprint analysis was performed on a Agilent Eclipse XDB-C18 column(4.6 mm×250 mm,5 μm)with the gradient mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0.03%diethylamine solution.The column temperature was set at 25℃and evaporative light-scattering detector was used.The determination was conducted according to standard test method for measurement of Fritillariae thunbergii bulbus Formula Granules(Guangdong PFKL00117).Results The results of HPTLC and HPLC analysis showed that there are significant differences among the 22 batches of Fritillariae thunbergii bulbus Formula Granules.There were 4 batches of Fritillariae thunbergii bulbus Formula Granules from 3 manufacturers among them showed fingerprint characteristics of Fritillariae hupehensis bulbus.The total amount of peimine and peiminine in the remaining 18 batches of Fritillariae thunbergii bulbus Formula Granules was 0.291-3.179 mg·g-1,which were quite different.Conclusion Currently,the quality of Fritillariae thunbergii bulbus Formula Granules on the market varies greatly.Standardized water-extract reference substance has better applicability for the analysis of the quality of Fritillariae thunbergii bulbus Formula Granules than the control medicinal materials.

Objective To examine the impact of arid climates on distribution of Oncomelania hupensis snails in the Poyang Lake area, so as to provide insights into precision control of O. hupensis snails in the Poyang Lake area. Methods O. hupensis snails-infested grass islands in Hukou County, Lianxi District and Lushan City in the northern Poyang Lake area, and Jinxian County, Nanchang County and Poyang County in the southern Poyang Lake area were selected as the study areas, and the occurrence of frames with living snails and the mean density of living snails were captured from snail surveys in the study areas in spring and autumn each year from 2006 to 2023. Five years 2007, 2011, 2013, 2019 and 2022 were selected as drought years, and the mean daily water levels were collected at the Xingzi hydrological station in the drought years, normal flow year (2012) and flood year (2020). The numbers of days with water levels ranging from the lower elevation (11 m) to the upper elevation (16 m) for snail survival and the numbers of days with water levels of 11 m and below were collected in the Poyang Lake area, and the changes of snail indicators were compared in different grass islands in the Poyang Lake area before and after drought. Results The numbers of days with water levels ranging from 11 to 16 m were 110, 88, 136 d and 125 d at the Xingzi hydrological station in four drought years 2007, 2011, 2013 and 2019, which were less than in the flow year and flood year, and the days with water levels of 11 m and below were 242, 277, 220 d and 198 d in four drought years 2007, 2011, 2013 and 2019, which were longer than in the flow year and flood year. A total of 416 snails-infested marshlands were surveyed in the Poyang Lake area from 2006 to 2021, and the survey marshlands accounted for 43.12% (307/712) and 46.98% (109/232) of total marshlands in the southern and northern Poyang Lake areas, respectively. The median occurrence of frames with living snails and mean density of living snails were 0.60% (interquartile range, 4.04%) and 0.010 1 snail/0.1 m² (interquartile range, 0.076 1 snail/0.1 m²) in drought years, which were both lower than those [1.33% (5.19%) and 0.022 8 (0.098 9) snail/0.1 m²] in non-drought years (χ²= 42.170 and 44.911, both P values < 0.01). The proportion of grass islands with a continuous decline in snail indicators was higher in the southern Poyang Lake area than in the northern Poyang Lake area after the next year of drought (24.24% vs. 2.33%; χ² = 10.633, P < 0.01), and the proportion of grass islands with rebounding snail indicators was higher in the northern Poyang Lake area than in the southern Poyang Lake area (53.49% vs. 15.76%; χ² = 26.966, P < 0.01). A longitudinal analysis of snail indicators in marshlands with rebounding snail indicators after drought showed 1 to 5 years for return to pre-drought snail status, with a median of 2 (interquartile range, 1) years, and snail status was more likely to rebound if the occurrence of frames with living snails and the mean density of living snails were 2.11% and 0.025 5 snail/0.1 m² and greater in snails-infested grass islands. Conclusions Drought causes a remarkable decline in O. hupensis snail indicators in the Poyang Lake area, with a more remarkable impact in the southern Poyang Lake area, and 1 to 5 years are required for return to pre-drought snail status.

[Objective] To establish a real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR nucleic acid detection method of human parvovirus B19 and validate the method systematically. [Methods] Specific primers and probes for the highly conserved regions of the three genotypes of B19 virus were designed, and B19 quantitative amplification standard curves were established. The accuracy, precision (repeatability and intermediate precision), linear range, quantification limit, detection limit, specificity, anti cross contamination, genotyping and anti-interference ability of this method were verified. [Results] When the quantitative reference range for B19 virus was 2.0×10¹ to 1.0×10⁸ IU/mL, a double logarithmic regression analysis was performed between the measured values and the theoretical values, and the regression equation R²≥0.98 showed good linear correlation. The quantification limit was 20 IU/mL, with a detection rate of 100%. The detection limit was 10 IU/mL, and the detection rate is 95.23%. Three genotypes of B19 virus samples can be effectively detected. The plasma of seven non B19 pathogens, including hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, human immuno-deficiency virus, human cytomegalovirus, hepatitis E virus and Treponema pallidum, was non reactive and has good species specificity. Simultaneously, in the presence of seven other concurrent pathogens, positive samples with a weak positive concentration of E3 IU/mL could be stably detected, and the B19 nucleic acid testing method was not interfered with. When the hemoglobin concentration was 431 mg/dL, triglycerides (1 269 turbidity) and unconjugated bilirubin concentration was 20 mg/dL, this method was non reactive for all three common plasma interfering substances. In the presence of three common plasma interfering substances, positive samples with a weak positive concentration of E3 IU/mL could be stably detected, and the B19 nucleic acid testing method was not interfered with. The deviation between the detection values of standard substances at two concentration levels of S1 (E5 IU/mL) and S2 (E4 IU/mL) and the target values were≤±0.5 log value. The CV values of positive sample 1 (concentration level E5 IU/mL) and positive sample 2 (concentration level E4 IU/mL) for daily precision confirmation and continuous 5-day intra-day precision confirmation were both≤5%. [Conclusion] This method has strong specificity, high sensitivity, wide linear range, stability, reliability and high accuracy, and can be used for the detection of human parvovirus B19 nucleic acid in plasma.