OBJECTIVE To study the improvement effect of total flavonoids from Rosa multiflora root on vascular injury in rheumatoid arthritis （RA） model rats and its potential mechanism. METHODS Female Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group， model group， aspirin group （positive control， 30 mg/kg）， low-dose and high-dose groups of total flavonoids from R. multiflora root （4.15， 8.30 g/kg， by crude drug）， with 10 rats in each group. Except for the normal control group， the RA model was induced in other groups by collagen induction and high-fat diet. After 14 days of modeling， they were given corresponding drug solution/0.5% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose solution intragastrically， once a day， for 36 consecutive days. The total body score， arthritis index （AI） and swollen joint count （SJC） of the rats were evaluated regularly. After the last medication， serum levels of interleukin-6 （IL-6）， intercellular adhesion molecule-1 （ICAM-1） and vascular cell adhesion molecule- 1 （VCAM-1） were determined. The pathological morphological changes in the vascular tissue of thoracic aorta were observed； the protein expression of Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4） and the protein phosphorylation levels of Janus kinase 2 （JAK2） and signal transduction and activator of transcription 3 （STAT3） in vascular tissue of thoracic aorta were measured. RESULTS Compared with the normal control group， serum levels of IL-6， ICAM-1 and VCAM-1， protein expression of TLR4， and the protein phosphorylation levels of JAK2 and STAT3 in vascular tissue of thoracic aorta were increased significantly in model group （P＜ 0.01）. The atherosclerotic plaque （atheroma）， cholesterol crystal， lymphocyte infiltration and a small number of unbroken foam cell aggregation could be seen in the vascular tissue of thoracic aorta. Compared with the model group， total body score （except for the low-dose group）， AI and SJC were decreased significantly in groups of total flavonoids from R. multiflora root on the 28th day （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）； total body score，AI and SJC were decreased significantly in low-dose group of total flavonoids from R. multiflora root on the 49th day （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）； the other quantitative indicators in serum and vascular tissue were significantly reversed in groups of total flavonoids from R. multiflora root （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）， and pathological damage of vascular tissue was significantly relieved. CONCLUSIONS Total flavonoids from R. multiflora root can significantly improve vascular injury in RA model rats， and its mechanism may be related to reducing the protein expression of TLR4 in vascular tissue and inhibiting the activation of IL-6/JAK2/ STAT3 signaling pathway.

Objective:To establish a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) characteristic spectrum of Radix Actinidiae Chinensis decoction pieces, standard decoction and formula granules; To simultaneously determine the contents of index components; To study the transfer law of formula granules based on the extraction amount, content of Catechin and characteristic spectrum of standard decoction.Methods:15 batches of Radix Actinidiae Chinensis decoction pieces were collected, the standard decoction was prepared, and the extraction amount was measured. The HPLC fingerprints of decoction pieces, standard decoction and formula granules were established, and the characteristic peaks were calibrated and attributed. The content of Catechins in decoction pieces, standard decoction and formula granules was measured, and the transfer rate law was calculated. The yield rate, the common peak transmission number of fingerprints, the content and the transfer rate were the main evaluation indexes, and the law of the transmission of the magnitude value was analyzed.Results:The paste yield of 15 batches of Radix Actinidiae Chinensis standard decoction ranged from 3.9%-6.3%. A total of 4 characteristic peaks were calibrated in the feature map, and peak 2 was identified as Protocatechuic acid and peak 4 as Catechin; 6 characteristic peaks were detected in Actinidia chinensis Planchon decoction pieces, standard decoction and formula granules, and their relative retention times were all within the specified range. The content of Catechins in Radix Actinidiae Chinensis decoction pieces was 0.4%-1.4%, which was 3.8%-4.9% in formula granules. The transfer rate of decoction pieces-standard decoction was 13.6%-38.3%, and the decoction-formula granules was 15.5%-21.2%.Conclusions:The mass transfer between Radix Actinidiae Chinensis decoction pieces, standard decoction and formula granules has a good migration. The formula granules also have a good correlation and consistency with the standard decoction, which indicating that the preparation process of Radix Actinidiae Chinensis is reasonable and feasible.

Objective:Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents,characterized by a high potential for proliferation and metastasis.Patients with osteosarcoma who have distant metastases generally have a poor prognosis.Challenges in treatment include incomplete resection of tumor and chemotherapy resistance,with no effective cure currently available.Recent studies suggest that β-1,4-N-acetyl-galactosaminyltransferase 1(B4GALNT1)plays a role in the progression of various malignant tumors.However,the function of B4GALNT1 in osteosarcoma cells has not been reported.This study aims to investigate the expression of B4GALNT1 in osteosarcoma tissues compared to normal tissues and to explore its effects on the proliferation,migration,and invasion of osteosarcoma cells,thereby providing new theoretical foundations and directions for the treatment of osteosarcoma patients. Methods:Tumor tissues and corresponding normal tissue samples were collected from 16 osteosarcoma patients who underwent tumor resection at the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University.The patients'ages ranged from 8 to 17 years(median age 12 years).The expression of B4GALNT1 mRNA in osteosarcoma tissues,corresponding normal tissues,3 osteosarcoma cell lines(MG63,Saos-2,and U2OS),and human fetal osteoblastic cells(hFOB)was detected using real-time reverse transcription PCR(real-time RT-PCR).The effects of B4GALNT1 knockdown on the proliferation of osteosarcoma cells Saos-2 and U2OS were analyzed using cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)assays and colony formation assays.The effects of B4GALNT1 knockdown on the migration and invasion abilities of Saos-2 and U2OS cells were evaluated using Transwell migration and invasion assays.Western blotting analysis was performed to assess the impact of B4GALNT1 knockdown on the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT)and invasion-related proteins in Saos-2 and U2OS cells. Results:Real-time RT-PCR results showed that B4GALNT1 mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in osteosarcoma tissues and the 3 osteosarcoma cell lines compared to normal tissues and hFOB cells(all P＜0.0 1).CCK-8 and colony formation assays indicated that B4GALNT1 knockdown significantly reduced the proliferation rate of osteosarcoma cells compared to the control group(all P＜0.05).Transwell migration and invasion assays demonstrated that B4GALNT1 knockdown significantly decreased the number of migrating and invading osteosarcoma cells(all P＜0.01).Western blotting analysis revealed that B4GALNT1 knockdown inhibited the expression of N-cadherin,Snail,Vimentin,and matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP9)compared to the control group(all P＜0.01). Conclusion:B4GALNT1 is upregulated in osteosarcoma tissues and cell lines,and its knockdown suppresses the malignant phenotype of osteosarcoma cells.B4GALNT1 may function as an oncogene in the proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells.

The upset insomnia caused by life and work pressure has seriously affected the physical and mental health of modern people and induced many diseases. The quality of Chinese medicine for nourishing heart and tranquilizing mind is stable, and it has a significant effect on the treatment of insomnia, with fewer adverse reactions, and no dependence on sedative and hypnotic as chemical drugs. The Chinese herbal pieces and preparations for nourishing heart and tranquilizing mind can be divided into psychotropic and sedative drugs according to their functions. Their active ingredients mainly include flavonoids, alkaloids, organic acids, polysaccharides, amino acids and vitamins, etc. They are mostly used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and central nervous system inhibition. In this paper, the types and active ingredients and development tendency and application status of the Chinese herbal pieces and preparations of nourishing heart and tranquilizing mind were reviewed individually, in order to provide reference for the development of drugs of nourishing heart and tranquilizing mind in the field of clinical application and related drugs.

Objective:To develop and evaluate the efficacy and safety of a three-dimensional (3D) digestive endoscope for gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) through animal experiments.Methods:Two Dutch pigs were utilized from the Zhengzhou University Animal Experiment Center for the study. ESD procedures were performed by two senior endoscopists, one using 3D glasses and the other utilizing a 3D high-definition head display. The success of ESD was assessed based on predefined criteria, including completion of surgical steps, complete detachment of the presumptive lesion, and effective bleeding control during and after the surgery. The number of successful procedures and incidences of perforation were recorded. The stereoscopic experience of the endoscopists, including both the primary endoscopist and the assistant, was also evaluated. Furthermore, the assessment encompassed any reported symptoms of eye discomfort, such as eye fatigue, ocular pain, and blurred vision. Additionally, the confidence level of the endoscopists in the mechanical aspects of the operation, as well as encountered issues during the endoscopic procedures, were documented.Results:Two ESD were successful and no perforation occurred. Feedback from endoscopists suggested that 3D digestive endoscopy offered clear images with enhanced three-dimensionality during surgery, clear sense of distance and layering, allowing for a precise judgment of bleeding points, which surpassed 2D capabilities. No eye discomfort was experienced by endoscopists or assistants during or after the procedures. While endoscopists exhibited high confidence in 3D digestive endoscopy, they noted issues with image blurring when the camera was positioned less than 10 mm from the gastrointestinal tract wall.Conclusion:Preliminary results show that 3D digestive endoscopes can provide excellent stereo imaging, improved positioning accuracy, and safety during live animal stomach ESD procedures, without significantly increasing endoscopists' eye discomfort. Nevertheless, efforts are needed to address image blurring concerns when the camera is close to the gastrointestinal tract wall.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Huashi Baidu Granules (HSBD) in treating patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron variant. METHODS: A single-center retrospective cohort study was conducted during COVID-19 Omicron epidemic in the Mobile Cabin Hospital of Shanghai New International Expo Center from April 1st to May 23rd, 2022. All COVID-19 patients with asymptomatic or mild infection were assigned to the treatment group (HSBD users) and the control group (non-HSBD users). After propensity score matching in a 1:1 ratio, 496 HSBD users of treatment group were matched by propensity score to 496 non-HSBD users. Patients in the treatment group were administrated HSBD (5 g/bag) orally for 1 bag twice a day for 7 consecutive days. Patients in the control group received standard care and routine treatment. The primary outcomes were the negative conversion time of nucleic acid and negative conversion rate at day 7. Secondary outcomes included the hospitalized days, the time of the first nucleic acid negative conversion, and new-onset symptoms in asymptomatic patients. Adverse events (AEs) that occurred during the study were recorded. Further subgroup analysis was conducted in vaccinated (378 HSBD users and 390 non-HSBD users) and unvaccinated patients (118 HSBD users and 106 non-HSBD users). RESULTS: The median negative conversion time of nucleic acid in the treatment group was significantly shortened than the control group [3 days (IQR: 2-5 days) vs. 5 days (IQR: 4-6 days); P<0.01]. The negative conversion rate of nucleic acid in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group at day 7 (91.73% vs. 86.90%, P=0.014). Compared with the control group, the hospitalized days in the treatment group were significantly reduced [10 days (IQR: 8-11 days) vs. 11 days (IQR: 10.25-12 days); P<0.01]. The time of the first nucleic acid negative conversion had significant differences between the treatment and control groups [3 days (IQR: 2-4 days) vs. 5 days (IQR: 4-6 days); P<0.01]. The incidence of new-onset symptoms including cough, pharyngalgia, expectoration and fever in the treatment group were lower than the control group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In the vaccinated patients, the median negative conversion time and hospitalized days were significantly shorter than the control group after HSDB treatment [3 days (IQR: 2-5 days) vs. 5 days (IQR: 4-6 days), P<0.01; 10 days (IQR: 8-11 days) vs. 11 days (IQR: 10-12 days), P<0.01]. In the unvaccinated patients, HSBD treatment efficiently shorten the median negative conversion time and hospitalized days [4 days (IQR: 2-6 days) vs. 5 days (IQR: 4-7 days), P<0.01; 10.5 days (IQR: 8.75-11 days) vs. 11.0 days (IQR: 10.75-13 days); P<0.01]. No serious AEs were reported during the study. CONCLUSION HSBD treatment significantly shortened the negative conversion time of nuclear acid, the length of hospitalization, and the time of the first nucleic acid negative conversion in patients infected with SARS-COV-2 Omicron variant (Trial registry No. ChiCTR2200060472).

ObjectiveThe fractional flow reserve （FFR） computed from coronary computed tomographic （CT） angiograms makes it possible to noninvasively assess coronary artery disease， but the impact of plaque on FFR derived from computed tomography angiography （CTA） is still unknown. The study used invasive FFR as the reference standard to analyze the impact of plaque on coronary computed tomography angiography （CCTA）-based quantitative flow ratio （CT-QFR）. MethodsThe retrospective study included 108 patients with suspected coronary heart disease （CHD） who underwent both CCTA and FFR within 60 days. CCTA images were analyzed by the software. We obtained the CT-QFR of target vessels， perfomed the quantitative and qualitative analyses on target vascular plaques， including total plaque volume （TPV）， plaque burden， calcified plaque volume （CPV）， fibrous plaque volume （FPV）， lipid plaque volume （LPV）， and the presence or absence of high-risk plaque. ResultsAccording to the difference between CT-QFR and FFR at blood vessel level， 137 target vessels of 108 patients were divided into the overestimated group （difference＞0.03， n＝29）， reference group （-0.03≤difference≤0.03， n＝88） and underestimated group （difference＜-0.03， n＝20）. The underestimated group （14.81mm³） presented higher LPV than overestimated group （1.97mm³， P < 0.05）. There was a negative correlation between LPV and the difference （P＜0.05）. ConclusionsWhen CT-QFR is used to estimate hemodynamics of coronary artery stenosis， the presence of lipid plaque may underestimate the virtual FFR.

Iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS), as an overused injury of the lower extremities, has developed into a common cause of lateral knee pain. At present, the treatment of ITBS includes drug therapy, muscle strength training, physical therapy, and surgical treatment. Among these methods, physical therapy, drug therapy, and surgical treatment can only alleviate the symptoms of patients. As a safe and effective treatment, lower limb muscle strength training can improve patients' muscle strength, correct abnormal gait, and reduce the recurrence rate of the disease by paying attention to the dynamic changes of patients' recovery process. At present, the pathogenesis of ITBS remains unclear, and the treatment methods are not unified. It is necessary to further study the biomechanical factors related to the lower extremities and develop more scientific and comprehensive muscle strength training methods.
Humans ; Resistance Training ; Running/physiology* ; Iliotibial Band Syndrome/diagnosis* ; Lower Extremity ; Physical Therapy Modalities/adverse effects* ; Knee Joint ; Muscle Strength/physiology* ; Muscles/injuries* ; Biomechanical Phenomena

Objective: To analyze and compare therapy responses, outcomes, and incidence of severe hematologic adverse events of flumatinib and imatinib in patients newly diagnosed with chronic phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) . Methods: Data of patients with chronic phase CML diagnosed between January 2006 and November 2022 from 76 centers, aged ≥18 years, and received initial flumatinib or imatinib therapy within 6 months after diagnosis in China were retrospectively interrogated. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis was performed to reduce the bias of the initial TKI selection, and the therapy responses and outcomes of patients receiving initial flumatinib or imatinib therapy were compared. Results: A total of 4 833 adult patients with CML receiving initial imatinib (n=4 380) or flumatinib (n=453) therapy were included in the study. In the imatinib cohort, the median follow-up time was 54 [interquartile range (IQR), 31-85] months, and the 7-year cumulative incidences of CCyR, MMR, MR(4), and MR(4.5) were 95.2%, 88.4%, 78.3%, and 63.0%, respectively. The 7-year FFS, PFS, and OS rates were 71.8%, 93.0%, and 96.9%, respectively. With the median follow-up of 18 (IQR, 13-25) months in the flumatinib cohort, the 2-year cumulative incidences of CCyR, MMR, MR(4), and MR(4.5) were 95.4%, 86.5%, 58.4%, and 46.6%, respectively. The 2-year FFS, PFS, and OS rates were 80.1%, 95.0%, and 99.5%, respectively. The PSM analysis indicated that patients receiving initial flumatinib therapy had significantly higher cumulative incidences of CCyR, MMR, MR(4), and MR(4.5) and higher probabilities of FFS than those receiving the initial imatinib therapy (all P<0.001), whereas the PFS (P=0.230) and OS (P=0.268) were comparable between the two cohorts. The incidence of severe hematologic adverse events (grade≥Ⅲ) was comparable in the two cohorts. Conclusion: Patients receiving initial flumatinib therapy had higher cumulative incidences of therapy responses and higher probability of FFS than those receiving initial imatinib therapy, whereas the incidence of severe hematologic adverse events was comparable between the two cohorts.
Adult ; Humans ; Adolescent ; Imatinib Mesylate/adverse effects* ; Incidence ; Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects* ; Retrospective Studies ; Pyrimidines/adverse effects* ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy* ; Treatment Outcome ; Benzamides/adverse effects* ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Chronic-Phase/drug therapy* ; Aminopyridines/therapeutic use* ; Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use*

Background: Hemangioma is a vasogenic benign tumor commonly seen in the head and neck. However, it is rare in gastrointestinal tract and can cause symptoms such as gastrointestinal bleeding and abdominal pain, and it also can be life-threatening in severe cases. Aims: To analyze the clinical characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of gastrointestinal hemangioma, and to provide appropriate therapy for the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal hemangioma. Methods: The patients with gastrointestinal hemangioma from August 2011 to October 2021 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University were collected, and the clinical data, examination results, treatment and prognosis were analyzed retrospectively. Results: A total of 51 patients with gastrointestinal hemangioma were included, the ratio of male to female was 1.43:1, and the average age was (46.2±19.2) years old. Single gastrointestinal hemangioma was found in 45 patients (88.24%), and 18 lesions (35.29%) were in the esophagus, followed by the stomach (15.69%), small intestine (15.69%), colon (11.76%), and rectum (9.80%). The majority of patients were asymptomatic (50.98%), while 15 patients (29.41%) were presented by gastrointestinal bleeding. Thirty-two patients (62.75%) underwent endoscopic treatment, including 25 patients underwent endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR), 6 patients underwent endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), and 1 patient underwent endoscopic ligation. Nineteen patients (37.25%) underwent surgical surgery, including 5 patients underwent transrectal lesion resection, 1 patient underwent small intestinal lesion resection and 13 patients underwent resection of digestive tract. All patients recovered well after surgery. The average follow-up period was (61±32) months. One patient relapsed 1 year after surgery, 4 patients died of other diseases, and the remaining patients did not occur tumor recurrence, and 5 patients were lost to follow-up. Conclusions: Gastrointestinal hemangioma is rare and has no specific clinical symptoms. Endoscopy is important for its diagnosis, and endoscopic therapy is safe and effective for patients with indications.