Objective To establish a HPLC method for determining thimerosal compounds in eye drops. Methods A gradient HPLC system was used in the quantitative analysis of thimerosal compounds on Shiseido MGII C₁₈ column （4.6 mm×250 mm，5 μm）, using 1% triethylamine solution （pH adjusted to 3.0 with phosphate） as mobile phase A, the methanol as mobile phase B, gradient elution, The column temperature was 40 ℃, the detection wavelength was 222 nm, the flow rate was 1 ml/min and the injection volume was 20 µl. Results The established method had good linearity within the concentration range of 4.3-216.7 μg/ml （r>0.999） for thimerosal, with average recoveries was 102.1%, RSD2.7%. Conclusion This method was simple, accurate and highly specific, and could be used for determination of thimerosal compound in eye drops.

Background The increasing demand for emergency services coupled with the special working environment has exacerbated occupational stress and work-related rumination among emergency medical dispatchers, which is noteworthy for its impact on dispatchers' sleep quality. Objective To explore the relationship among occupational stress, work-related rumination, and sleep quality of emergency medical dispatchers, so as to provide reference for improving sleep quality and maintaining physical and mental health of this occupational group. Methods A total of 386 emergency medical dispatchers from 16 provinces and municipalities including Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Inner Mongolia, Zhejiang, Shanxi, Jiangxi, Anhui, Hubei, Hebei, Henan, Sichuan, Guizhou, Yunnan, Fujian, and Hainan of China were investigated with the Chinese version of Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire, Work-Related Rumination Questionnaire, and Insomnia Severity Index. Spearman correlation was used to analyze the association among occupational stress, work-related rumination, and sleep quality. A structural equation model was constructed, with occupational stress as independent variable, the two dimensions of work-related rumination as mediating variables, and sleep quality as dependent variable, respectively. Bootstrap testing was then used to verify potential mediating effect of work-related rumination on the relationship between occupational stress and sleep quality among the emergency medical dispatchers. Results Among the enrolled emergency medical dispatchers, the effort-reward imbalance (ERI) index was 1.03, the score of affective rumination was 15.35±5.26, the score of problem-solving rumination was 17.64±4.63, and the total score of sleep quality was 21.10±6.53. Their ERI index was positively correlated with affective rumination scores (r=0.636, P<0.01), but not with problem-solving rumination scores (P>0.05). Their ERI index, affective rumination scores, and problem-solving rumination scores were positively correlated with sleep quality scores (P<0.05). The direct effect size of occupational stress on sleep quality was 0.627, the indirect effect size of affective rumination was 0.124, and the mediating effect of affective rumination accounted for 16.4% of the total effect (0.755), while the problem-solving rumination had no mediating effect on the relationship between occupational stress and sleep quality. Conclusion Occupational stress and affective rumination in emergency medical dispatchers can predict their sleep quality. Occupational stress can directly affect sleep quality, and indirectly affect it through affective rumination. Managers should pay attention to and evaluate the affective rumination level of emergency medical dispatchers, so as to take corresponding intervention measures to reduce their occupational stress and improve their sleep quality.

Pulmonary endometriosis (PEM) is a rare disease with diverse clinical manifestations, most commonly presenting as hemoptysis, while patients presenting solely with pulmonary nodules are less common. Here, we report three female patients (aged 32, 19, and 46 years, respectively). One patient sought medical attention due to hemoptysis during menstruation, while the other two had no obvious symptoms and were found to have pulmonary nodules during routine physical examinations. Two patients had a history of cesarean section, and one had a history of miscarriage. Pathologically, one patient of PEM showed extensive hemorrhage in the alveolar spaces, with fragmented endometrial glandular epithelium observed within the hemorrhagic foci. The other two patients exhibited proliferative endometrial glands and stroma, surrounded by old hemorrhage. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the endometrial glands and stroma in all three patients were positive for estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and vimentin, with CD10 positivity in the endometrial stroma. All three patients were definitively diagnosed as PEM by pathology and underwent thoracoscopic pulmonary wedge resection. Follow-up periods were 18, 31, and 49 months, respectively, with no recurrence observed in any of the patients.

Objective: To understand the current situation and related factors of tobacco use among high school students in Shannan City, so as to provide reference for tobacco control strategies for high school students. Methods: A self administered questionnaire survey was conducted among 10 052 high school students from 6 high schools in Shannan City, Tibetan Autonomous Region by census methods from April to July in 2023. The comparison of rates was conducted by using Chi square test, and the influencing factors of tobacco use among high school students were analyzed using binomial classification Logistic regression. Results: The rate of high school students in Shannan City trying cigarettes was 17.63%, and the current smoking rate was 10.07%, both of which were higher in boys than girls, and higher in urban areas than in rural areas ( χ 2 gender = 1 262.35 , 869.79; χ 2 area =35.90, 29.16, P <0.01). The smoking rate of students with parents and good friends smoking was higher than that of students with parents and good friends not smoking( χ 2= 190.50 ,1 741.44), and the current smoking rate showed an upward trend with age and age ( χ 2 trend =74.87, 122.86)( P <0.01). The tobacco dependence rate was 41.80%; 75.30% wanted to quit smoking, 83.99% had received smoking cessation assistance, but had received less professional smoking cessation assistance ( 13.41 %). Logistic regression analysis showed that vocational high school students, senior students (second and third grade), parents smoking (both smoking, mother smoking), and good friends smoking (some smoking, most smoking, all smoking) were positively correlated with smoking cigarettes among high school students ( OR=1.51, 1.54, 2.17, 2.22, 1.69, 5.30, 13.28, 8.59, P <0.05). Conclusions The smoking rate of high school students in Shannan City is high and second hand smoke exposure is common. Vocational high schools are the key to prevention and control. Effective cooperation between families, schools, and society should be strengthened to create a smoke free environment and protect students from tobacco hazards.

We designed and synthesized eighteen lycorine derivatives with five different structural types, and evaluated their antiviral activities on a HCoV-OC43-infected H460 cell model. Structure-activity relationships suggested that the introduction of appropriate substituents on the 6N atom of lycorine was beneficial to activity. Compound 6a gave a good activity with the half effective concentration (EC₅₀) and selectivity index (SI) values of 2.36 μmol·L^-1 and 16.52, respectively. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) result indicated that 6a might target the non-structural protein 12 (NSP12) subunit in RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) of SARS-CoV-2 with the dissociation constant (K_D) value of 1.36 μmol·L^-1. Molecular docking indicated that 6a might act on nidovirus RdRp-associated nucleotidyltransferase (NiRAN) catalytic center of NSP12, distinct from the mechanism of nucleoside-like drugs such as remdesivir. This study provides scientific data for the development of lycorine derivatives into a new class of anti-SARS-CoV-2 small molecule inhibitors.

In this study, we designed and synthesized 12 novel aloperine derivatives with different core structures. Among them, compound 3 with a ten-membered ring core was obtained through a special ring expansion reaction after γ-H Huffman elimination of quaternary ammonium salt, and the structure was verified by X-single crystal diffraction. Furthermore, their antiviral activity against human β-coronavirus HCoV-OC43 was evaluated by CCK-8 assay. Quaternary ammonium salt 2a and 3 had a good inhibitory effect against HCoV-OC43, and 2a had the highest anti-HCoV-OC43 activity with an EC₅₀ values of 3.77 μmol·L^-1 and a SI value of over 53.1. Schrӧdinger molecular docking results showed that both 2a and 3 might display their anti-HCoV-OC43 activity by directly acting on host TMPRSS2 and SR-B1. The results expanded the structural types of endocyclic aloperine and the function against coronavirus, and provided useful scientific data for the development of pharmaceutical applications of these compounds.

Objective To investigate the radioactivity levels of gross α and gross β in foods around Zhangzhou nuclear power plant, China before operation. Methods Forty-nine samples from 33 kinds of foods in 5 categories of daily food around Zhangzhou nuclear power plant were collected, pretreated, dried, and ashed. The radioactivity levels of gross α and gross β were measured by the low-background α and β measuring instrument. The atomic absorption technique was employed to measure the level of potassium (K), and the radioactivity level of gross β (subtracting ⁴⁰K) was calculated with K concentrations in different foods consulted from the nutritional dietary system. Results The radioactivity levels of gross α in vegetables and fruits, grain, poultry and livestock, aquatic products, and tea around Zhangzhou nuclear power plant were < minimum detectable level (MDL)-7.97, < MDL-6.82, < MDL, < MDL-20.76, and 11.90-23.08 Bq/kg, respectively; the radioactivity levels of gross β were 34.56-122.81, 13.05-188.96, 56.00-108.34, 17.86-169.01, and 123.74-171.63 Bq/kg, respectively; the radioactivity levels of gross β (subtracting ⁴⁰K) were not detected (ND)-14.27, ND-27.86, ND-48.72, ND-45.85, and 6.69-13.79 Bq/kg, respectively. Conclusion The radioactivity of gross α and gross β in foods around Zhangzhou nuclear power plant before operation is basically at the same level as that in other areas of China.

Objective To investigate the application value of single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)linkage analysis based on next-generation sequencing(NGS)technology in preimplantation genetic testing(PGT)of families with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease(ARPKD).Methods A family with ARPKD was selected,where the female member had a pregnancy ultrasound revealing polycystic kidney in the fetus.Genetic testing showed compound heterozygous mutations of the polycystic kidney/polycystic liver disease 1 gene(PKHD1),c.10444C>T(paternal)and c.4303del(maternal),with the c.4303del mutation being reported for the first time.Targeting the coding region of the PKHD1 gene,335 high-density tightly linked SNP sites were selected in the upstream and downstream 2M regions using multiplex polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and NGS.The couple′s SNP risk haplotypes carrying gene mutations were constructed.After in vitro fertilization,blastocyst culture was performed.Trophoblastic cells obtained from the biopsy were subjected to whole-genome amplification,and NGS was used for linkage analysis and low-depth chromosomal aneuploidy screening of the embryos.Sanger sequencing was used to verify the results of embryo linkage analysis.Results Among the 6 biopsied embryos,4 were mutation-free and euploid,1 exhibited heterozygous for the mutation and mosaic while another unstable sequencing data,making it impossible to judge.One of the mutation-free and developmentally healthy euploid embryos was implanted into the maternal uterus,resulting in the full-term delivery of a healthy baby.Conclusion Application of NGS-based SNP linkage analysis in PGT can effectively blocking the vertical transmission of ARPKD within families,while avoiding abortion issues caused by aneuploid embryos.This study is also the first PGT report target-ing the PKHD1 gene c.4303del mutation.

BACKGROUND:Lycium barbarum polysaccharide has many biological activities and has been found to have potential effects on promoting wound healing. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the mechanism of lycium barbarum polysaccharide in tumor necrosis factor-α-mediated keratinocyte apoptosis and its effect on the healing of burn wounds. METHODS:(1)In vitro experiment:Keratinocytes were divided into four groups:cells were cultured in the α-MEM medium(complete medium)containing 15%fetal bovine serum and 1%glutamine in normal group,cultured in the complete medium containing lycium barbarum polysaccharide in positive control group,cultured in the complete medium containing tumor necrosis factor-α in model group,and cultured in the complete medium containing lycium barbarum polysaccharide and tumor necrosis factor-α in experimental group.After 24 hours of culture,cell proliferation was detected using cell counting kit-8 assay;Cleaved caspase-8,TNF R1,FADD,and LC3 were detected using western blot.Then an autophagy inhibitor group(the complete medium containing 3-methyladenine)and an autophagy inhibitor+lycium barbarum polysaccharide group(the complete medium containing lycium barbarum polysaccharide,tumor necrosis factor-α,and 3-methyladenine)were set up.After 24 hours of culture,keratinocyte apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry.(2)In vivo experiment:Six Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group,with three rats in each group.Four deep Ⅱ degree burn wounds with a diameter of 2 cm were made on the back of each rat.At 24 hours after modeling,mice in the control and experimental groups were coated with normal saline and lycium barbarum polysaccharide solution,respectively,once a day.Wound healing was observed regularly after treatment.Samples were taken 28 days after treatment and the pathologic pattern of the wound was observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)In vitro experiment:Addition of lycium barbarum polysaccharide alone did not affect cell proliferation and apoptosis and the expression of apoptotic and autophagic proteins in keratinocytes.After the addition of tumor necrosis factor α,the proliferation of keratinocytes was inhibited,the apoptotic rate increased,and the expression of apoptotic and autophagic proteins was elevated,while lycium barbarum polysaccharide could antagonize the above effects of tumor necrosis factor-α.Lycium barbarum polysaccharide combined with autophagy inhibitors further reduced the apoptotic rate of keratinocytes.(2)In vivo experiment:The wound healing rate of rats in the experimental group was higher than that of the control group at 12,16,20,24,and 28 days after treatment(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).Hematoxylin-eosin staining results at 28 days after treatment showed an intact and well-defined epidermis of the wound in the experimental group compared with the control group.To conclude,lycium barbarum polysaccharide protects the integrity of skin epidermal tissue and promotes wound healing by inhibiting autophagy and apoptosis of keratinocytes.

Objective:To report the results of national surveillance on the distribution and antimicrobial resistance profile of clinical Gram-negative bacteria isolates from bloodstream infections in China in 2022.Methods:The clinical isolates of Gram-negative bacteria from blood cultures in member hospitals of national bloodstream infection Bacterial Resistant Investigation Collaborative System（BRICS）were collected during January 2022 to December 2022. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were conducted by agar dilution or broth dilution methods recommended by Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute（CLSI）. WHONET 5.6 and SPSS 25.0 software were used to analyze the data.Results:During the study period，9 035 strains of Gram-negative bacteria were collected from 51 hospitals，of which 7 895（87.4%）were Enterobacteriaceae and 1 140（12.6%）were non-fermenting bacteria. The top 5 bacterial species were Escherichia coli（ n=4 510，49.9%）， Klebsiella pneumoniae（ n=2 340，25.9%）， Pseudomonas aeruginosa（ n=534，5.9%）， Acinetobacter baumannii complex（ n=405，4.5%）and Enterobacter cloacae（ n=327，3.6%）. The ESBLs-producing rates in Escherichia coli， Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus spp. were 47.1%（2 095/4 452），21.0%（427/2 033）and 41.1%（58/141），respectively. The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli（CREC）and carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae（CRKP）were 1.3%（58/4 510）and 13.1%（307/2 340）；62.1%（36/58）and 9.8%（30/307）of CREC and CRKP were resistant to ceftazidime/avibactam combination，respectively. The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii（CRAB）complex was 59.5%（241/405），while less than 5% of Acinetobacter baumannii complex was resistant to tigecycline and polymyxin B. The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa（CRPA）was 18.4%（98/534）. There were differences in the composition ratio of Gram-negative bacteria in bloodstream infections and the prevalence of main Gram-negative bacteria resistance among different regions，with statistically significant differences in the prevalence of CRKP and CRPA（ χ2=20.489 and 20.252， P<0.001）. The prevalence of CREC，CRKP，CRPA，CRAB，ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were higher in provinicial hospitals than those in municipal hospitals（ χ2=11.953，81.183，10.404，5.915，12.415 and 6.459， P<0.01 or <0.05），while the prevalence of CRPA was higher in economically developed regions（per capita GDP ≥ 92 059 Yuan）than that in economically less-developed regions（per capita GDP <92 059 Yuan）（ χ2=6.240， P=0.012）. Conclusions:The proportion of Gram-negative bacteria in bloodstream infections shows an increasing trend，and Escherichia coli is ranked in the top，while the trend of CRKP decreases continuously with time. Decreasing trends are noted in ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Low prevalence of carbapenem resistance in Escherichia coli and high prevalence in CRAB complex have been observed. The composition ratio and antibacterial spectrum of bloodstream infections in different regions of China are slightly different，and the proportion of main drug resistant bacteria in provincial hospitals is higher than those in municipal hospitals.