Humans ; Mesothelioma/pathology* ; Mesothelioma, Malignant ; Pleural Neoplasms/diagnosis* ; Pleural Effusion, Malignant ; Pleural Effusion/pathology*

Aim To explore the apoptosis of small eell lung eancer ( SCLC ) eells HI688 and H446 induced by nitidine chloride and its possible mechanism.Methods The effect of nitidine chloride or cisplatin ( DDP ) on the activity of SCLC cells was detected by j J MTT method; the morphological changes of cells trea¬ted with nitidine chloride or DDP were observed by in- verted fluorescence microscope and HE staining; the effect of nitidine chloride or DDP on apoptosis was de¬tected by flow cytometry; the effect of apoptosis inhibi¬tor Z-VAD-FMK on apoptosis induced by nitidine chlo¬ride or DDP was detected by MTT method.The expres¬sions of Bax , Bcl-2, caspase-3 , PARP, p-PI3K and p- Akt in the cells treated with nitidine chloride or DDP were detected by Western blot.Results MTT results showed that the viability of SCLC cells was significantly reduced after 48 hours of treatment with nitidine chlo¬ ride; compared with DDP, nitidine chloride could in¬hibit SCLC cells with less IC50; inverted fluorescence microscope and HE staining showed that nitidine chlo¬ride could induce apoptosis in SCLC cells, similar to DDP; flow cytometry showed that nitidine chloride J J could induce apoptosis in SCLC cells.The results of MTT assay showed that the inhibitory effect of nitidine chloride on apoptosis of SCLC cells could be partially antagonized by apoptosis inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK.West¬ern blot results showed that, similar to DDP, nitidine chloride could inhibit the expression of PI3K and Akt, increase Bax, inhibit Be 1-2, and promote the cleavage of caspase-3 and PAH P.Conclusion Nitidine chlo¬ride can induce apoptosis of SCLC cells by inhibiting the activation of P13K and Akt.

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological features and HER2 expression of metaplastic squamous cell carcinoma (MSCC) of the breast. Methods: A total of 47 MSCC cases diagnosed in the Wuhan Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China from January 2010 to December 2021 were reviewed. The clinical information (including the follow-up data of HER2 positive patients) and pathological features were collected and analyzed. Results: All of the patients were female. Among the 47 cases, 25 were pure squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) and 22 were mixed metaplastic carcinoma with squamous cell component (MMSC). The median age of the patients was 54 years (range, 29-84 years). The maximum diameter of the mass ranged from 0.8 to 10.0 cm, with a mean value of 3.3 cm, 85.7% (24/28) of the cases were smaller than 5 cm, and only 4 cases were larger than or equal to 5 cm. 89.5% of the MMSC presented with a solid mass. Cystic changes were more commonly found in the PSCC group (50%, P<0.05) than the MMSC group. 36.7% (11/30) of the patients had lymph node metastasis at the time of diagnosis. The squamous cell carcinoma component in all cases showed diffuse or patchy expression of p63, p40 and CK5/6. 55.3% (26/47) of the cases showed triple-negative phenotype. Among the 7 HER2-positive patients, 6 were MMSC group, which had a significantly higher rate of HER2-positivity than that in the PSCC group (1 case). In 1 MMSC case, immunohistochemistry showed HER2 2+in the invasive ductal carcinoma component and HER2 negativity (0) in the squamous cell carcinoma component, but HER2 FISH was negative in invasive ductal carcinoma and positive in squamous cell carcinoma component. Six HER2-positive MSCC patients received anti-HER2-targeted therapy, including two patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with anti-HER2-targeted therapy before surgery. One patient achieved pathological complete remission, while the other achieved partial remission (the residual tumors were squamous cell carcinoma components). After 9-26 months of follow-up, four patients had no disease progression, two patients developed pulmonary metastases, and one patient showed local recurrence. Conclusions: MSCC is a group of heterogeneous diseases. PSCC and MMSC may be two different entities. Most of the MSCC are triple-negative and HER2 positivity is more commonly seen in MMSC with invasive ductal carcinoma component. Some HER2-positive MSCC patients can achieve complete remission or long-term progression-free survival after receiving anti-HER2 targeted therapy, but the squamous cell carcinoma component may be less sensitive to targeted therapy than the invasive ductal carcinoma component.
Carcinoma, Ductal ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology* ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism*

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence rate and risk factors for metabolic bone disease of prematurity (MBDP) in very low birth weight/extremely low birth weight (VLBW/ELBW) infants. METHODS: The medical data of 61 786 neonates from multiple centers of China between September 1, 2013 and August 31, 2016 were retrospectively investigated, including 504 VLBW/ELBW preterm infants who met the inclusion criteria. Among the 504 infants, 108 infants diagnosed with MBDP were enrolled as the MBDP group and the remaining 396 infants were enrolled as the non-MBDP group. The two groups were compared in terms of general information of mothers and preterm infants, major diseases during hospitalization, nutritional support strategies, and other treatment conditions. The multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the risk factors for MBDP. RESULTS: The incidence rate of MBDP was 19.4% (88/452) in VLBW preterm infants and 38.5% (20/52) in ELBW preterm infants. The incidence rate of MBDP was 21.7% in preterm infants with a gestational age of < 32 weeks and 45.5% in those with a gestational age of < 28 weeks. The univariate analysis showed that compared with the non-MBDP group, the MBDP group had significantly lower gestational age and birth weight, a significantly longer length of hospital stay, and a significantly higher incidence rate of extrauterine growth retardation ( CONCLUSIONS A lower gestational age, hypocalcemia, extrauterine growth retardation at discharge, and neonatal sepsis may be associated an increased risk of MBDP in VLBW/ELBW preterm infants. It is necessary to strengthen perinatal healthcare, avoid premature delivery, improve the awareness of the prevention and treatment of MBDP among neonatal pediatricians, and adopt positive and reasonable nutrition strategies and comprehensive management measures for preterm infants.
Birth Weight ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic/etiology* ; China/epidemiology* ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Extremely Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Infant, Very Low Birth Weight ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

Objective:To investigate the frequency of myeloid dendritic cells (mDC) and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) in peripheral blood of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and their relationship with renal injury.Methods:The frequency of peripheral mDC and pDC in 102 SLE patients and 10 healthy controls were detected by flow cytometry. The quantitative data were expressed by [ M( P25, P75)]. The measurement data of the two groups with non-normal distribution was analyzed by Mann Whitney U test. The correlation between the two groups was analyzed by Spearman rank correlation analysis and multiple linear regression. Results:The frequency of pDC [14.00%(7.92%, 19.65%) vs 24.55%(19.68%, 32.90%), Z=-3.163, P<0.01] and mDC [21.25%(13.28%, 32.83%) vs 34.85%(24.58%, 41.93%), Z=-2.607, P<0.01] in the peripheral blood of 102 patients with SLE were significantly lower than those of healthy controls. The frequency of pDC [9.09%(7.31%, 17.38%) vs 24.55%(19.68%, 32.90%), Z=-3.033, P=<0.01] and mDC [9.40%(7.88%, 21.60%) vs 34.85%(24.58%, 41.93%), Z=-3.231, P<0.01] in 12 patients with newly diagnosed SLE were also significantly lower than those in healthy controls. After adjustedfor confounding factors, multivariate analysis showed that SLEDAI level was the main factor influencing the frequency of pDC ( P=0.019) and mDC ( P<0.01). In addition, pDC[8.02%(2.25%, 9.97%) vs 16.70%(11.80%, 24.60%), Z=-2.490, P=0.015] and mDC[8.80%(5.99%, 12.80%) vs 20.20%(11.20%, 42.80%), Z=-2.226, P=0.029] in patients with active LN were also significantly lower than that of patients with stable LN. The mDC frequency was positively correlated with the levels of complement C3 ( r=0.455, P<0.01) and C4 ( r= 0.289, P, P<0.01). Conclusion:The frequency of mDC and pDC in SLE patients is significantly abnormal, which is closely related to disease activity. In addition, pDC and mDC may be involved in the occurrence and development of LN.

OBJECTIVE: The primary objective of this study was to examine the validity and reliability of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) among Chinese children aged 12-17 years. METHODS: A semi-quantitative 72-food item FFQ was developed for children aged 12-17 years. The reliability and validity of this FFQ were evaluated against 24-h dietary recalls (24 h DRs) to measure the consumption of foods and nutrients. We administered two FFQs and three DRs to children (N = 160) over a period of 1 month to evaluate the reliability and validity. Reliability was examined by quartile agreement and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), and validity was examined by quartile agreement, Bland-Altman plots and correlation with DRs. RESULTS: For reliability, the ICCs between the two FFQs ranged from 0.21 to 0.76 for foods and nutrients, and the quartile agreement ranged from 70.0% to 95.0% in the same or adjacent quartiles. Spearman's correlation coefficients of foods and nutrients between the second FFQ and the 24 h DRs ranged from -0.04 to 0.59. The Bland-Altman plots demonstrated good agreement across the range of intakes among nutrients. The quartile agreement ranged from 50.0% to 100.0%, with infrequent misclassification. CONCLUSION The FFQ assessment of dietary intakes demonstrated acceptable relative validity and high reproducibility for Chinese children aged 12-17 years.
Adolescent ; Child ; Diet Records ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Reproducibility of Results ; Surveys and Questionnaires

?? [Abstract]? With the increasing aging of the population in China, the falls of the elderly have attracted wide attention. In 2017, the Registered Nurses Association of Ontario (RNAO) in Canada developed the guidelines for clinical practice of Prevent Falls and Reducing Injury From Fall(s Fourth Edition), which provide a reference for clinical work. This guideline describes the identification of high-risk fallers, the assessment of risk factors for falls, the formulation of falls prevention-related nursing plans and post-treatment measures for falls. This guideline is interpreted for domestic nurses and patient caregivers to learn and apply to guide clinical practice.

Objective To explore the distribution characteristics and function of peripheral regulatory T cells (CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T cells) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).In addition,we analyzed the relationship between peripheral regulatory T cells and organ damage and the influence of different treatment regimens on them.Methods Two hundred and six SLE patients and 38 healthy volunteers were enrolled,which included 12 patients with untreated new-onset lupus,11 patients with drug withdrawal more than six months and 183 patients with treatments.Phenotypic and functional analysis of peripheral blood CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T cells were performed by flow cytometry.The correlations of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ T cells with disease activity,organ involvement were analyzed.Thealtered frequency of CD4+CD25 +Foxp3+T cells under different treatment regimens was compared.Statistical Package form Soci-science (SPSS) 21.0 software was used for data analysis,Student's t test,one-way ANOVA,Mann-Whitney T test,Kruskal-Wallis test,Chi-square test,Simple linear correlation analysis was used.Results CD4 +CD25 +Foxp3 + T cells were significantly increased inactive SLE patients [1 1.9％ (9.3％,16.0％),mean difference =104.71,P＜0.01] and inactive SLE patients [11.0％(7.7％,14.7％),mean difference=86.10,P＜0.01] compared with healthy controls [6.1％(5.3％,7.4％)].CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T cellsshowed sign-ificantly positive correlations with SLEDAI-2K (r=0.191,P＜0.05),dsDNA (r=0.262,P＜0.05),ESR (r=0.208,P＜0.05) and lgG (r=0.163,P＜0.05),and significantly negatively correlated with complementC3 (r=-0.201,P＜0.05) and C4 (r=-0.227,P＜0.05).Compared with patients without organ damage (Occult lupus),the CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T cells were increased in SLE patients with organ damage,especially those with skin involvement [10.9％(7.8％,13.1％),mean difference=56.93,P＜0.05] and renal involvement [12.1％(9.1％,16.0％),mean difference=77.26,P＜0.05].The proportion of CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T cells had no significant difference between SLE patients with treatments and patients with untreated new-onset lupus.The expressions of CTLA-4 [(53±15)％,t=7.04,P＜0.01],GITR [(42±19)％,t=2.64,P＜0.01] and ICOS [(28±9)％,t=4.27,P＜0.01] on CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T cells were significantly lower in SLE patients than in healthy controls [CTLA-4 (71±4)％,GITR (53±10)％ and ICOS (41±6)％].IL-17 synthesized by CD4+CD25+Foxp3+T cells in SLE patients [3.0％(1.8％,3.9％)] was significantly higher than that in healthy controls [1.0％(0.7％,1.2％),Z=-4.40,P＜0.01].Conclusion The peripheral regulatory T cells are significantly increased in SLE patients and correlate with disease activity and organ damage.However,their inhibitory function is defective and they have more pro-inflammatory character-istics.

ABSTRACT:Objective To investigate the clinical features of seronegative rheumatoid arthritis (RA)in western China and its outcomes after one-year treatment with disease modifying anti-rheumatoid drugs (DMARDs) so as to provide evidence for effective therapy.Methods We made a retrospective analysis of 240 RA patients treated in our department from May 2013 to June 2014.We compared the 47 seropositive and 25 seronegative RA patients in clinical features,laboratory parameters and outcomes after one-year DMARDs medication.Results The percentage of seronegative RA was 10.4% (25/240).The number of swollen small joints was significantly smaller in seronegative RA group (P<0 .0 1 ).Compared with those in seropositive RA,the level of hemoglobin was lower,the level of platelets was higher,and the level of alkaline phosphatase was lower in seronegative RA (P<0 .0 5 ).The remission rate was higher in seronegative RA group than in seropositive RA group after one-year DMARDs administration (P<0.05).Conclusion Seronegative RA is not rare in clinic.Even though seronegative RA patients often present fewer swollen small joints, it is difficult to distinguish between seronegative and seropositve RA just based on the clinical features.Besides,hematological damage is more severe in some patients with seronegative RA.Only after one-year treatment with DMARDs,the remission rate is higher in seronegative RA patients than in seropositve RA ones.

Objective To observe the effect of hippocampal DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs)on neonatal cognitive impairments induced by sevoflurance exposure.Methods Sixty-four 7-day old male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the following four groups (n =1 6):control group (group C),sevoflurane group (group S),sevoflurane+NaCl group (group SN),and sevoflurane+5-AZA group (group SA).Sevoflurane animals received 3% sevoflurane plus 30% oxy-gen for 2 hours daily for 3 consecutive days,and rats in group C were placed into the same container, which contained 30% oxygen only.Animals in group SA were intracerebroventricularly injected with 5-AZA (1 mg/kg),while group SN same volume of NaCl one hour before sevoflurane exposure. Open field and Morris water maze were given the four weeks after anesthesia (n =8).Rats without any behavior tests from each group (n =8)were euthanized 4 weeks after the treatment and the hip-pocampus was harvested.Quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein levels of DNMT1,DNMT3a and DNMT3b.Results In the open field test,no significant difference was observed in the distance travelled and the time spent in the center of the arena.Com-pared with the group C,group S showed an increase in the latency,decreased time spent in the target quadrant,and the mRNA and protein levels of DNMT3a and DNMT3b in the hippocampus were sig-nificantly increased (P < 0.05).Compared with the group SN,group SA showed a decrease in the la-tency,more time spent in the target quadrant,and the mRNA and protein levels of DNMT3a and DNMT3b in the hippocampus were decreased (P < 0.05).There was no significant difference in the expression of DNMT1 among the four groups.Conclusion Sevoflurane exposure induces neonatal cog-nitive impairments later in life,which was accompanied by the increased mRNA and protein levels of DNMT3a and DNMT3b in the hippocampus.By contrast,pretreatment of 5-AZA decreased hipp-ocampal DNMT3a and DNMT3b,and ameliorated cognitive impairments.These results suggest that DNMTs are involved in sevoflurane induced neonatal cognitive impairments.