Objective To explore the prognostic value and immune infiltration landscape of anoikis-related long noncoding RNAs (arlncRNAs) in lung adenocarcinoma. Methods RNA-seq and clinical data of lung adenocarcinoma were downloaded from the TCGA database, and anoikis-related genes were obtained from the GeneCards and Harmonizome databases. Coexpression, differential, and WGCNA analyses were performed to screen differentially expressed arlncRNAs closely related to the occurrence of lung adenocarcinoma. A prognostic risk model was then constructed based on the arlncRNAs, and its predictive efficacy was further validated. Finally, consensus clustering was used to identify the molecular subtypes associated with anoikis in lung adenocarcinoma. Results Seven prognostic arlncRNAs were identified, and the prognostic risk models established based on them had AUC values of ROC curves greater than 0.7. Survival and immune infiltration analyses revealed that low-risk patients had high overall survival and immune infiltration, implying that they experienced good immune treatment effects. Drug sensitivity analysis showed that the high-risk patients were more sensitive to commonly used chemotherapeutic agents than the low-risk patients. According to the expression of model genes, subtypes C1 and C2 were identified through consensus clustering, and C1 showed a good prognosis. Conclusion The prognostic risk model based on the seven arlncRNAs can effectively predict the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma patients. The results of immune-related and drug sensitivity analyses provide a reference for the precise individualized treatment of patients with lung adenocarcinoma.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Dendrobium officinale polysaccharide （DOP）on CCl₄-induced hepatic fibrosis（HF）and its mechanism. MethodsA total of 56 male SD rats were randomly divided into seven groups： normal group（NG），model group（MG），colchicine group（CG， 0.1 mg/kg）， Fuzheng Huayu group（FG， 0.45 g/kg），low-dose DOP group（LDG， 0.05 g/kg），middle-dose DOP group（MDG， 0.1 g/kg）and high-dose DOP group（HDG，0.2 g/kg），with 8 rats in each group. HF rat model was established by subcutaneous injection with 40% CCl₄ olive oil mixture， every 3-day for 10 weeks. At the end of the sixth week， the drug groups were treated with colchicine， Fuzheng Huayu and DOP solution by gavage respectively， once a day for 4 weeks. NG and MG groups were similarly handled with an equal amount of 0.9 % normal saline. Liver histopathology was detected using hematoxylin-eosin （HE）， Masson and Sirius red staining； blood biochemistry was tested for liver function and four indicators of HF； RT-qPCR and Western Blot were used to measure the expression of α-SMA， Col-I， E-cadherin， and ZEB1 genes and proteins in the liver tissues of rats， respectively. ResultsHE， Masson， and Sirius red staining showed that the liver tissue of MG rats had typical pathologic features of HF， and the degree of HF was alleviated in LDG， MDG， and HDG rats， respectively. Liver function test results showed that the serum AST， TBIL， and AKP levels were significantly lower in LDG， MDG， and HDG， compared with those of the MG （P < 0.05 or < 0.01）. Meanwhile， ALT levels in serum deceased remarkably except in LDG （P < 0.05 or < 0.01）. The four results of HF showed that the serum HA， LN， PC-Ⅲ， and COL-Ⅳ levels in LDG， MDG， and HDG rats were significantly decreased compared with those of the MG （P < 0.05 or < 0.01）. The relative expressions of α-SMA， COL-I， and ZEB1 genes and proteins were significantly decreased in the liver tissues of LDG， MDG， and HDG （P < 0.05 or < 0.01）， and the relative expression of E-cadherin gene and protein increased （P < 0.05 or < 0.01）. In addition， the expressions of HA， α-SMA， COL-I， ZEB1 and E-cadherin were dependent on the dose of DOP. ConclusionDOP alleviated the degree of CCl₄ induced HF in rats by inhibiting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition in liver tissue.

【Objective】 To analyze the effects of different fortified feeding methods on nutritional metabolism and growth rate of preterm very low birth weight infants (VLBWI), in order to provide new clues for improving the prognosis of the preterm infants. 【Methods】 A total of 115 cases of premature VLBWI admitted to Department of Neonatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University from January 2019 to December 2020 were included in this study, and were divided into fortified breastfeeding group (HFM group), mixed feeding group, and premature formula feeding group (PF group) based on their feeding methods. The effects of different feeding methods on the nutritional metabolism and growth rate of premature VLBWI were analyzed. 【Results】 1) The hospitalization time of infants in the HFM group was shorter than that in PF group and mixed feeding group (t=7.185, 6.924, P<0.05). 2) The proportion of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in the HFM group during hospitalization was lower than that in the PF group (P<0.05); the proportions of late onset septicemia(LOS) and extra uterine growth restriction(EUGR) in the HFM group during hospitalization were lower than those in the PF group (χ²=5.030, 4.147, P<0.05); the proportion of LOS was lower than that of the mixed feeding group(χ²=6.589, P<0.05). 3) During hospitalization, the proportions of abdominal distension, bloody stools and increased eosinophils in the HFM group were lower than those in the PF group (P<0.05), which in mixed feeding group was lower than those in PF group (Fisher exact test, P<0.05). 4) At discharge, the weight and length growth rate of the HFM group were higher than those of the mixed feeding group (t=3.722, 0.425, P<0.001) and the PF group (t =6.015, 0.496, P< 0.001). 【Conclusion】 Fortified breastfeeding can more effectively increase the growth rate of VLBWI in premature infants, improve nutritional metabolism, reduce complications and adverse feeding reactions related to premature infants, and is safer and more effective.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of Dendrobium officinale polysaccharides （DOP） in reversing carbon tetrachloride （CCl₄）-induced hepatic fibrosis （HF） in rats via the Notch signaling pathway and evaluate the therapeutic effect of DOP by ultrasound elastography. MethodFifty-six male SD rats were randomized into normal， model， colchicine （1×10^-4 g·kg^-1）， Fuzheng Huayu powder （0.45 g·kg^-1）， and low-， medium-， and high-dose （0.05， 0.1， 0.2 g·kg^-1） DOP groups （n=8）. The rats in the model group and each treatment group were injected subcutaneously with a mixture of CCl₄-olive oil （2∶3） once every 3 days for 10 weeks. After 6 weeks of modelling， the rats were administrated with corresponding drugs once a day for 4 weeks. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and Masson staining were employed to observe the pathomorphological changes of the liver tissue. An automatic biochemical analyzer was used to measure the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase （ALT）， aspartate transaminase （AST）， alkaline phosphatase （ALP）， and total bile acids （TBA）. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） was employed to measure the serum levels of hyaluronic acid （HA）， laminin （LN）， type Ⅲ precollagen （PC-Ⅲ）， and type Ⅳ collagen （Col-Ⅳ）. The mRNA and protein levels of α-smooth muscle actin （α-SMA）， Notch1， Jagged1， and Hes1 in the liver tissue were determined by Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction （Real-time PCR） and Western blot， respectively. The Young's modulus （YM） of the rat liver was measured by acoustic radiation force impulse （ARFI） elastography before and after treatment. Then， the correlations of YM with the serum levels of HA， LN， PC-Ⅲ， and Col-Ⅳ and the protein levels of α-SMA and Notch1 signaling pathway-related factors in the liver tissue were analyzed. ResultCompared with the normal group， the model group showed disordered arrangement of liver cell cords， obvious infiltration of inflammatory cells， appearance of a large number of fat vacuoles， and fibrous proliferation， elevated levels of ALT， AST， TBA， ALP， HA， LN， PC-Ⅲ， and Col-Ⅳ in the serum， and up-regulated mRNA and protein levels of α-SMA， Notch1， Jagged1， and Hes1 in the liver tissue （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， drug interventions alleviated the pseudolobule formation and the collagen deposition in confluent areas. Except that the serum level of ALT in the low-dose DOP group had no significant changes， drug interventions， especially high-dose DOP， lowered the levels of ALT， AST， TBA， ALP， HA， LN， PC-Ⅲ， and Col-Ⅳ in the serum and down-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of α-SMA， Notch1， Jagged1， and Hes1 in the liver tissue （P<0.05， P<0.01）. The results of ARFI and correlation analysis showed that the YM of the liver tissue was increased in the model group （P<0.01） compared with that in the normal group， Compared with the model group， drug interventions decreased YM （P<0.01）. YM was positively correlated with the expression levels of HA， LN， PC-Ⅲ， α-SMA， Notch1， Jagged1， and Hes1s （r=0.754， 0.734， 0.801， 0.885， 0.896， 0.757， and 0.800， respectively， P<0.01）， and it had a moderate correlation with Col-Ⅳ （r=0.688， P<0.01）. ConclusionDOP can reverse HF by down-regulating the Notch1/Jagged1/Hes1 signaling pathway. YM can be used as an indicator in the assessment of the efficacy of DOP against HF.

OBJECTIVE To establish a high-performance liquid chromatography method for the simultaneous determination of 14 components including geniposide, mangiferin, baicalin, berberine hydrochloride, wogonoside, baicalein, aloe-emodin, rhein, wogonin, emodin, praeruptorin A, chrysophanol, physcion and praeruptorin B in Qingfei Yihuo tablets. METHODS Titank C18 (250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm) column was used; 0.1% phosphoric acid solution(A)-acetonitrile(B) was used as the mobile phase with gradient elution; detection wavelengths: geniposide at 238 nm, aloe-emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol, physcion and mangiferin at 254 nm, berberine hydrochloride at 265 nm, baicalin, wogonoside, baicalein, and wogonin at 280 nm, praeruptorin A and praeruptorin B at 321 nm. The flow rate was 1.0 mL·min−1 and the column temperature was 35 ℃; the injection volume was 10 μL. RESULTS The linear ranges of geniposide, mangiferin, baicalin, berberine hydrochloride, wogonoside, baicalein,aloe-emodin, rhein, wogonin, emodin, praeruptorin A, chrysophanol, physcion and, praeruptorin B were 4.96−223.17, 0.84−42.22, 18.76−938.16, 4.46−223.17, 4.86−243.10, 1.59−79.32, 0.76−38.17, 1.03−51.49, 1.59−79.40, 1.21−60.72, 1.80−90.06, 0.91−45.48, 1.04−51.83 and 0.86−43.23 μg·mL−1, with r all ≥ 0.999 9. The RSDs of instrument precision, stability and reproducibility tests were <3%, and the average recoveries in sample(n=6) were >90%, with the RSDs <3%. CONCLUSION The method is simple and reproducible and can provide a scientific basis for improving the quality standard of Qingfei Yihuo tablets.

Objective To explore the surgical techniques and experiences in the treatment of Peyronie's disease using electric rotary grinding of tunica albuginea plaques followed by graft repair with tunica vaginalis or bovine pericardium under a microscope.Methods A retrospective cohort study was performed on 21 patients with severe penile curvature due to Peyronie's disease admitted in our department from January 2021 and May 2023.All of them underwent microscopic electric rotary grinding of tunica albuginea plaques followed by graft repair surgery.Short-term and mid-term outcomes were observed.Results For the 21 enrolled patients,12(57.1％)underwent repair using unilateral tunica vaginalis,3(14.3％)underwent repair using bilateral tunica vaginalis,and 6(28.6％)underwent repair using bovine pericardium.The operation time was 170～385(average 272±69)min,and the average postoperative follow-up duration was3～24(average 12.1±7.2)months.Seventeen patients(81.0％)had their penis fully extended,while 4 patients(19.0％)had slight dorsal curvature,which was less than 10°.All patients were satisfied with the shape of their penis during erection.The change in penile length was+(1.1±0.5)cm,and 9 patients(42.9％)reported early postoperative penile head numbness,which spontaneously resolved after an average duration of 3.2±1.9 months.All patients were able to successfully engage in sexual activity,with an average penile erection hardness score of 3.8.The overall satisfaction rate was 90.5％post operatively.Conclusion Meticulous dissection of Buck's fascia under a microscope is advantageous in reliably preserving dorsal neurovascular structures.Application of an electric grinding drill for plaque ablation allows for more precise release of the tunica.Graft repair of tunica albuginea defects with testicular tunica vaginalis or bovine pericardium for Peyronie's disease yields overall favorable clinical outcomes and obtains high satisfaction.It is worthy of promotion in clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i)canagliflozin and epithelial sodium channel inhibitor amiloride or benzamil in combination on the bone metabolism in the rats with the nephrotic syndrome (NS) induced by doxorubicin. Methods In the 49 male SD rats selected, 7 were randomly selected as control group (NG), and 42 were built as adriamycin-induced nephropathy model by injecting adriamycin through the tail vein, and were randomly divided into model group (MG group), canagliflozin group (KG group), benzamil group (BH group), amiloride group (AL group), canagliflozin+benzamil group (KB group) and canagliflozin+amiloride group (KA group), with 7 cases in each group. Each medication group was given intragastric administration according to the body weight of rats regularly every day, NG group and MG group were given equal amount of normal saline, the course of treatment was 6 weeks. The 24-hour urinary protein (24 h-UTP) of each group was detected one day before treatment to verify the successful preparation of the model. At 6 weeks after treatment, the 24 h-UTP, urine sodium (UNa), urinary potassium (UK) levels in urine and the albumin (ALB), triglyceride (TG), cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein (LDL), serum calcium (SCa), sodium (SNa), potassium (SK), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH-D), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), parathyroid hormone (PTH), procollagen type Ⅰ N-terminal propeptide (PINP) and beta C-terminal cross-linked telopeptides of typeⅠ collagen (β-CTX) levels in serum were measured, respectively. Results After successful modeling, the levels of 24 h-UTP, TG, TC, LDL and SCa in the MG group were significantly increased, while the levels of ALB, 25-OH-D, ALP, PINP and PTH were significantly decreased (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). After 6 weeks of drug intervention, the body mass of rats treated with KG alone decreased significantly (P < 0.05). Compared with the MG group, the levels of 24 h-UTP, TC, TG, LDL and SCa were significantly decreased, and the level of ALB was significantly increased in all drug groups when compared to the MG (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Compared with the MG group, the levels of 25-OH-D, ALP, PINP and β-CTX in the KA group were significantly increased when compared to the MG (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). Molding and drug therapy had no impact on levels of UNa, UK, SK and SNa (P>0.05). Conclusion Calaglizin alone, benzamil alone, amiloride alone and calaglizin combined with benzamil or amiloride can improve the mass proteinuria, hypoproteinemia and hyperlipidemia in adriamycin-induced NS model rats. The combination of caraglipzin and amiloride has a significant osteogenic or osteoclastic effect, which may play a role in reducing the risk of fracture in NS rats by forming a new osteogenic/osteoclastic balance.

Objective To evaluate the molluscicidal effect of 25% wettable powder of pyriclobenzuron sulphate (WPPS) against Oncomelania snails in hilly schistosomiasis-endemic regions and test its toxicity to fish. Methods In October 2020, a snail-infested setting which had been cleared was selected in Nanjian County, Yunnan Province and divided into several blocks, and the natural snail mortality was estimated. 25% WPPS was prepared into solutions at concentrations of 1 and 2 g/L, and 25% wettable powder of niclosamide ethanolamine salt (WPNES) was prepared into solutions at a concentration of 2 g/L. The different concentrations of drugs were sprayed evenly, and the same amount of water was used as blank control. Snails were surveyed using the systematic sampling method 1, 3 and 7 days post-treatment, and snail survival was observed. A fish pond was selected in Nanjian County, and 2 kg 25% WPPS was evenly sprayed on the water surface to allow the effective concentration of 20 g/L. Fish mortality was estimated 8, 24, 48 and 72 h post-treatment. Results One-day treatment with 1 and 2 g/L WPPS and 2 g/L WPNES resulted in 97.99%, 97.99% and 94.11% adjusted snail mortality rates (χ² = 3.509 and 3.509, both P values > 0.05), and the adjusted snail mortality was all 100% 3 d post-treatment with 1 and 2 g/L WPPS and 2 g/L WPNES, while 7-day treatment with 1 and 2 g/L WPPS and 2 g/L WPNES resulted in 91.75%, 86.57% and 57.76% adjusted snail mortality rates (χ² = 14.893 and 42.284, both P values < 0.05). Treatment with 2 g/L WPPS for 72 h resulted in a 0.67% cumulative mortality rate of fish. Conclusion 25% WPPS is effective for snail control and highly safe for fish, which is feasible for use in hilly schistosomiasis-endemic regions.

Objective To compare the effectiveness of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay and microscopic examinations for detection of Schistosoma japonicum infections in Oncomelania hupensis in transmission-interrupted regions, so as to provide insights into the optimization of snail surveillance tools in these regions. Methods Four hilly schistosomiasis-endemic villages where transmission interruption was achieved were selected in Heqing County of Yunnan Province as the study villages, including Xinzhuang and Gule villages in hilly regions and Lianyi and Yitou villages in dam regions. Snail survey was performed by means of systematic sampling combined with environmental sampling in July 2018. All captured snails were identified for S. japonicum infections using microscopy. In addition, 10 to 20 snails were randomly sampled from each snail habitat following microscopy, numbered according to environments and subjected to LAMP assay. The positive rate of settings with S. japonicum-infected snails was compared among villages. Results A total of 7 949 living snails were captured from 83 snail habitats in 4 villages, and no S. japonicum infection was detected in snails. There were 226 mixed samples containing 1 786 snails subjected to LAMP assay, and positive LAMP assay was found in 3 mixed samples from 3 snail habitats in 2 dam villages. The positive rates of settings with S. japonicum-infected snails were comparable between Lianyi Village (one setting) and Yitou Village (2 set tings) (5.89% vs. 14.29%, P = 0.344). However, the overall positive rate of settings with S. japonicum-infected snails was significantly higher in dam villages (9.67%, 3/31) than in hilly villages (0) (P = 0.048). Conclusions LAMP assay is more sensitive to detect S. japonicum infections in O. hupensis than conventional microcopy method, which may serve as a supplementary method for detection of S. japonicum infections in O. hupensis in high-risk snail habitats in hilly transmission-interrupted regions.

Complete wound regeneration preserves skin structure and physiological functions, including sensation and perception of stimuli, whereas incomplete wound regeneration results in fibrosis and scarring. Amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSCs) would be a kind of cell population with self-renewing and non-immunogenic ability that have a considerable role in wound generation. They are easy to harvest, culture, and store; moreover, they are non-tumorigenic and not subject to ethical restrictions. They can differentiate into different kinds of cells that replenish the skin, subcutaneous tissues, and accessory organs. Additionally, AFSCs independently produce paracrine effectors and secrete them in exosomes, thereby modulating local immune cell activity. They demonstrate anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties, regulate the physicochemical microenvironment of the wound, and promote full wound regeneration. Thus, AFSCs are potential resources in stem cell therapy, especially in scar-free wound healing. This review describes the biological characteristics and clinical applications of AFSCs in treating wounds and provide new ideas for the treatment of wound healing.
Humans ; Amniotic Fluid ; Wound Healing/physiology* ; Regeneration/physiology* ; Skin/pathology* ; Cicatrix ; Stem Cells