OBJECTIVE To study the effects of methimazole on the urinary metabolomics of hyperthyroidism rats， and to preliminarily investigate its possible mechanism. METHODS Thirty SD rats were randomly divided into control group， model group and methimazole group， with 10 rats in each group. Except for the control group， the rats in the other two groups were given Levothyroxine sodium tablets 160 mg/kg by intragastric administration for 15 days； at the same time， methimazole group was additionally given methimazole 3.6 mg/kg daily by intragastric administration every day. The basic condition of the rats was observed， and the body weight and anal temperature were measured. After the last medication， the serum levels of triiodothyronine （T3）， tetraiodothyronine （T4）， free triiodothyronine （FT3）， free tetraiodothyronine （FT4）， and thyroid stimulating hormone （TSH） were determined； 24-hour urine was collected on the 15th day after administration. UPLC-TOF-MS was used to analyze the urine metabolomics of rats. Principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis were used to screen out related differential metabolites， and potential metabolic pathways were analyzed by using HMDB and KEGG. RESULTS Compared with the control group， the rectal temperature， serum levels of T3， T4， FT3 and FT4， the expressions of differential metabolites sebacic acid， cholic acid 3-O-glucuronic acid and N6， N6， N6-trimethyl-L-lysine in urine were significantly up-regulated， while body weight， serum level of TSH， the expressions of deoxycytidine and 2-oxo-4-methylthiobutanoic acid in urine were significantly down-regulated （P＜0.01）. Compared with model group， above indexes of rats were reversed significantly in methimazole group （P＜0.01 or P＜0.05）. Above five differential metabolites were mainly involved in four signaling pathways: pentose and glucuronate interaction， lysine degradation， cysteine and methionine metabolism， and pyrimidine metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Methimazole might improve hyperthyroidism by modulating the four pathways of pentose and glucuronate interaction， lysine degradation， cysteine and methionine metabolism， and pyrimidine metabolism.

Objective:To explore the effects of short-term particulate matter(PM)exposure and the melatonin receptor 1B(MTNR1B)gene on triglyceride-glucose(TyG)index utilizing data from Fang-shan Family-based Ischemic Stroke Study in China(FISSIC).Methods:Probands and their relatives from 9 rural areas in Fangshan District,Beijing,were included in the study.PM data were obtained from fixed monitoring stations of the National Air Pollution Monitoring System.TyG index was calculated by fasting triglyceride and glucose concentrations.The associations of short-term PM exposure and rs10830963 polymorphism of the MTNR1B gene with the TyG index were assessed using mixed linear models,in which covariates such as age,sex,and lifestyles were adjusted for.Gene-environment inter-action analysis was furtherly performed using the maximum likelihood methods to explore the potential effect modifier role of rs10830963 polymorphism in the association of PM with TyG index.Results:A total of 4 395 participants from 2 084 families were included in the study,and the mean age of the study participants was(58.98±8.68)years,with 53.90％females.The results of association analyses showed that for every 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5 concentration,TyG index increased by 0.017(95％CI:0.007-0.027),while for per 10 μg/m3 increment in PM1o,TyG index increased by 0.010(95％CI:0.003-0.017).And the associations all had lagged effects.In addition,there was a positive association between the rs10830963 polymorphism and the TyG index.For per increase in risk allele G,TyG index was elevated by 0.040(95％CI:0.004-0.076).The TyG index was 0.079(95％CI:0.005-0.152)higher in carriers of the GG genotype compared with carriers of the CC genotype.The inter-action of rs10830963 polymorphism with PM exposure had not been found to be statistically significant in the present study.Conclusion:Short-term exposure to PM2.5 and PM10 were associated with higher TyG index.The G allele of rs10830963 polymorphism in the MTNR1B gene was associated with the elevated TyG index.

Humans ; Femoral Artery/surgery* ; Hip Dislocation, Congenital ; Hip Joint ; Treatment Outcome

Objective:To explore the clinical efficacy of radical surgery after successful conversion therapy for liver cancer.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 10 patients with liver cancer who underwent successful conversion therapy and subsequent radical surgery in Peking University People's Hospital from Nov 2019 to Dec 2021.Results:The median age of the 10 patients was 64 (51.25,68.50) years. The median number of conversion therapy cycles was 11 (4.75,25.00). No serious adverse reactions were found in the patients during conversion therapy. After conversion therapy, 8 patients underwent partial hepatectomy, and 2 patients underwent radiofrequency ablation. Postoperative complications occurred in 4 patients. All complications were classified as Clavien-Dindo grade Ⅰ or Ⅱ. The median follow-up time was 13 (9.75,49.75) weeks. Three patients had tumor recurrence after surgery. Among the patients with tumor recurrence, 1 patient died of liver failure.Conclusions:Conversion therapy is an effective treatment for patients with clinically unresectable liver cancer. The incidence of serious adverse reactions in conversion therapy for liver cancer is low. The radical surgery can be safely performed in patients with good general condition and liver function. Radical surgery after conversion therapy can prolong the survival time of patients for unresectable liver cancer.

This study aims to explore the resource utilization of used fungus-growing materials produced in the cultivation of Gastrodia elata. To be specific, based on the production practice, this study investigated the recycling mechanism of used fungus-growing materials of G. elata by Phallus inpudicus. To screen edible fungi with wide adaptability, this study examined the allelopathic effects of Armillaria mellea secretions on P. impudicus and 6 kinds of large edible fungi and the activities of enzymes related to degradation of the used fungus-growing materials of G. elata. The results showed that P. impudicus can effectively degrade cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin in used fungus-growing materials of G. elata. The cellulase activity of A. mellea was significantly higher than that of P. impudicus, and the activities of lignin peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and xylanase of P. impudicus were significantly higher than those of A. mellea, which was the important reason why A. mellea and P. impudicus used different parts and components of the used fungus-growing materials to absorb carbon sources and develop ecological niche differences. The growth of P. impudicus was significantly inhibited on the used fungus-growing materials of G. elata. The secretions of A. mellea had allelopathic effects on P. impudicus and other edible fungi, and the allelopathic effects were related to the concentration of allelopathy substances. The screening result showed that the growth and development of L. edodes and A. auricular were not significantly affected by 30% of A. mellea liquid, indicating that they had high resistance to the allelopathy of A. mellea. The results showed that the activities of extracellular lignin peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, and xylanase of the two edible fungi were similar to those of P. impudicus, and the cellulase activity was higher than that of P. impudicus. This experiment can be further verified by small-scale production tests.
Agaricales ; Ascomycota ; Basidiomycota ; Catechol Oxidase ; Cellulases ; Gastrodia

Objective: To investigate lunch supply of public primary school canteens in Zhejiang Province, and to provide a basis for the scientific guidance of school lunch. Methods: During May to Jun. and Sept. to Oct. in 2019, lunch food supply was weighed and recorded and the number of diners in 44 public primary school canteens were summarized. Each investigation lasted for one week. Results: Food was mainly based on the taste of the students (40.91%) in the school canteen. About 45.45% of the schools referred to the Nutrition Guidelines of School Meals for students meals when making recipes in the school canteen. The supplies of cereals, vegetables, fruits, livestock and poultry meat, fish and shrimp, eggs, milk, soybean nuts, vegetable oil and salt were 109.05, 118.01, 0, 63.96, 9.25, 11.31, 0, 10.68, 10.47, 2.54 g. The supply of vegetable oil was basically the same as the recommended amount ( P >0.05). The supplies of energy, protein, calcium, iron, zinc, vitamin A, vitamin B 1, vitamin B 2, vitamin C, dietary fiber were 820.84 kcal, 32.79 g, 164.18 mg, 7.84 mg, 4.71 mg, 23.07 μgRAE, 0.41 mg, 0.35 mg, 20.47 mg, 2.34 g, 37.56% of energy from fat and 48.47% of energy from carbohydrate. The supply of vitamin B 1 was basically the same as the recommended amount ( P >0.05). There were no significant differences in all kinds of food and nutrients between urban and rural primary schools ( P >0.05). Conclusion Lunch supply is not optimistic in public primary school canteens in Zhejiang Province, with unreasonable structure and fails to agree with current nutritional recommendations. It is suggested that the scientific guidance of students meals should be carried out according to the survey results combined with the characteristics of local diet.

Objective:To compare the clinical effects of microwave ablation (MWA) and surgical resection in the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma(SHCC).Methods:Sixty five SHCC patients with intact clinical data, treated in the Center of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital between Feb 2005 and Aug 2012, were enrolled in this study. Among them, 30 patients were treated by MWA, and the other 35 by hepatectomy. Follow-up was conducted from Mar 2013 to Feb 2021. The differences in long-term survival, intraoperative blood loss, operative time, postoperative complications, performance status (PS), and postoperative hospital stay were compared between the two groups.Results:The survival probability at 1, 3, 5 and 10 years was 93.2%, 82.5%, 55.6% and 41.2%, respectively, in the MWA group, and 97.1%, 82.6%, 67.2% and 48.3%, in the resection group ( P=0.347). The MWA group had less perioperative complications, less blood loss, shorter operation time, better PS score and better hospital stay than the surgical resection group (all P<0.001).There was no statistically significant difference in the survival rate between BCLC stage 0~A1 and A2~A4 patients( P=0.773, 0.536). Conclusions:Microwave ablation in the treatment of small hepatocellular carcinoma can achieve similar results as hepatectomy with less traumatic,better postoperative PS score and shorter postoperative hospital stay.

Purpose: The purpose of the current study was to explore the functions and potential mechanism of miR-451a in breast cancer (BC). Methods: Quantitative reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze the expression of miR-451a in human normal mammary cells (MCF-10A) and BC cells. Colony formation assay, terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling assay and transwell assays were conducted to validate the effect of miR-451a on proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of BC cells, respectively. RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays were applied to investigate the upstream and downstream mechanisms of miR-451a in BC cells. Results: MiR-451a was expressed at a low level in BC cells. Overexpression of miR-451a repressed BC cells proliferation, migration and invasion. Moreover, long non-coding RNA AC092127.1 acted as a sponge of miR-451a to enhance the expression level of AE binding protein 2 (AEBP2) that was demonstrated to be the target gene of miR-451a in BC cells. Finally, rescue experiments validated that miR-451a and AEBP2 involved in AC092127.1-mediated BC cell growth, migration and invasion. Conclusion In a word, AC092127.1/miR-451a/AEBP2 axis contributes to BC cell growth, migration and invasion. Our results may help to find novel potential targets for BC treatment.

Purpose: The purpose of the current study was to explore the functions and potential mechanism of miR-451a in breast cancer (BC). Methods: Quantitative reverse transcription real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to analyze the expression of miR-451a in human normal mammary cells (MCF-10A) and BC cells. Colony formation assay, terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase mediated nick end labeling assay and transwell assays were conducted to validate the effect of miR-451a on proliferation, apoptosis, migration and invasion of BC cells, respectively. RNA pull-down, RNA immunoprecipitation and luciferase reporter assays were applied to investigate the upstream and downstream mechanisms of miR-451a in BC cells. Results: MiR-451a was expressed at a low level in BC cells. Overexpression of miR-451a repressed BC cells proliferation, migration and invasion. Moreover, long non-coding RNA AC092127.1 acted as a sponge of miR-451a to enhance the expression level of AE binding protein 2 (AEBP2) that was demonstrated to be the target gene of miR-451a in BC cells. Finally, rescue experiments validated that miR-451a and AEBP2 involved in AC092127.1-mediated BC cell growth, migration and invasion. Conclusion In a word, AC092127.1/miR-451a/AEBP2 axis contributes to BC cell growth, migration and invasion. Our results may help to find novel potential targets for BC treatment.

Background: The objective of this study was to assess the variation in academic citation and social media mentions across orthopedic subspecialties in general orthopedic surgery journals. Methods: An internet-based study was performed of 666 articles from four orthopedic journals published from January 2018 to February 2019. Each publication was categorized by its subspecialty within orthopedics: arthroplasty, hand and upper extremity, foot and ankle, orthopedic oncology, pediatric orthopedics, shoulder, spine, sports medicine, orthopedic trauma, basic science, and miscellaneous. For each publication, academic citations were quantified using Google Scholar and Web of Science, and social media mentions were quantified using Twitter. Comparisons of continuous data among various subspecialties were performed using analysis of variance. Results: The average number of citations per publication was 7.4 ± 9.0 on Google Scholar, 4.5 ± 5.3 on Web of Science, and 2.8 ± 8.7 on Twitter. The number of academic citations differed significantly by subspecialty on Google Scholar (p < 0.001) and Web of Science (p < 0.001). There was no difference in social media mentions on Twitter by subspecialty (p = 0.8). The most highly cited subspecialties, adjusted for number of publications, were arthroplasty, orthopedic oncology, and sports medicine, while the least highly cited subspecialties were hand and upper extremity, pediatric orthopedics, and orthopedic basic science. Conclusions There is significant baseline variation in the citation of orthopedic publications among various subspecialties. Our findings argue against the use of a uniform threshold to gauge scholarly success in orthopedic surgery. The variation in citation of orthopedic publications across subspecialties support the use of subspecialty-specific benchmarks to gauge academic productivity.